1. Computer Basics COMPUTER TECHNOLOG Y 1

2. What Is a Computer? An electronic device Accepts data and instructions Manipulates, processes, and displays the information Stores the information for retrieval later 2

3. Information Processing Cycle 3 Input Processing Storage Retrieval OutputStorage

4. Input Devices Accept data Convert data to a form that can be processed 4

5. Types of Input Devices 5

6. What is hardware? Tangible, physical parts of the computer Stuff you can touch ◦Printer, monitor, keyboard, hard drive, mouse, CPU, system unit 6

7. Processing Hardware Microprocessor – CPU (the brains) ◦Most important chip on motherboard 7

8. Processors 1.5” – square chip attached to motherboard Made from silicone – melted sand 8

9. Processing Speed Hertz – 1 cycle per second (Mega)hertz (MHz) – 1 million cycles per second (Giga)hertz (GHz) 1 billion cycles per second ◦current measurement of clock speed – 2.5-3.4 GHz 9

10. Integrated Circuit Originally, computers used vacuum tubes The vacuum tubes got hot and burned out like a light bulb Transistors replaced vacuum tubes An integrated circuit is many transistors with wires and everything else needed in one unit 10

11. Motherboard Also called “system” board Main circuit board in computer Contains microprocessor, any coprocessor chips, RAM, ROM, expansion slots 11

12. Memory and Storage Capacity Approximate values: ◦b or bit – 1 binary digit – a 0 or 1 ◦B or Byte – approx. 8 bits ◦KB or Kilobyte – 1 thousand bytes ◦MB or Megabyte – 1 million bytes ◦GB or Gigabyte – 1 billion bytes ◦TB or Terabyte – 1 trillion bytes 12

13. Temporary Memory (RAM) Random Access Memory Electronic components providing temporary working storage for data & instructions ◦Measured in kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes ◦Power off – contents are gone Capacity ◦More memory means you can open more programs at one time ◦Typical: 2-6 GB 13

14. Storage Devices CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW DVD-ROM, DVD-R; DVD-RW USB – Jump drive Hard disk drive Cloud Storage 14

15. Compact Disks & Video Disks CD-ROM (compact disk read only memory) CD-R (compact disk-recordable) CD-RW (compact disk-rewritable) DVD-ROM (digital video disc -read only memory ) DVD-R (digital video disk-recordable) DVD-RW (digital video disk-rewritable) 15

16. Digital Video Disks – Optical Disk 4.7 – 17 GB Speeds (e.g., 16X) Movies and Multimedia Presentations $1.50. (Jan 2011) DVD-RW 16 DVD-ROMDVD-RDVD-RW Retrieve dataXXX Write (save)XX Modify and saveX

17. USB Jump/Thumb/Flash Drive 1-84 GB ($65) portable hard drive Stores music, data, or photos Transfer files between PC and Mac easily No drivers required. Plugs directly into the USB port found on most computers Compact, lightweight design fits on your keychain or in your pocket 17

18. Hard Drives Jan 2011120 GB$55 250 GB$70 400 GB$90 500 GB$150 2TB$190 18 Note: Higher capacity for less money as technology progresses

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21. Data Disk Rules Keep away from extreme temperatures. Keep disks and CDs in storage cases. Keep disks away from magnetic forces. Back up files regularly. 21

22. Disk Capacity 22 This hard disk has about 87% free space and 13% used space