1. What do cells do? What is inside of a cell that allows it to carry out life’s functions?

3. Controls most cellular processes Holds the cell’s DNA (hereditary material) Information from DNA sent outside of nucleus where its code can be read

4. DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid Chromosomes- Condensed DNA forming when a cell is dividing. Genes- sets of instructions on chromosomes.

6. Each has a specific function in a cell! Ribosomes- Make proteins Endoplasmic Reticulum- Helps make parts of the cell membrane and modify proteins.

7. Golgi Aparatus- Attaches molecules to proteins and sends them to their final destination Lysosomes- Contain enzymes to break down molecules from food to use for the cell. Vacuole- Stores materials and water.

8. Mitochondria- Use food’s energy to help cell grow, move, etc.

9. The process in which your body takes glucose, breaks it down, and releases energy in the form of ATP. To do this, your body needs 2 things Oxygen Glucose products = Carbon dioxide, ATP

10. This takes place in two steps, with two alternate pathways. Without OxygenWith Oxygen

11. Anaerobic = NO OXYGEN In anaerobic respiration, the products of glycolysis must still be broken down further, and more ATP is needed. However, Anaerobic respiration only results in pyruvic acid, no ATP.

12. Aerobic = Uses oxygen In aerobic respiration, oxygen is used to turn the products of glycolysis into 34 more ATP molecules through a series of chemical reactions.

13. Without OxygenWith Oxygen Glycolysis: 2 ATP Anaerobic: 0 ATP 2 ATP Glycolysis: 2 ATP Aerobic: 34 ATP 36 ATP

14. Respiration is glucose being turned into energy (ATP) Occurs in the Mitochondria Is 18x more efficient with oxygen (aerobic) than without (anaerobic)

15. Make Tissues Types of tissue: epithelial- cover organs/create inner linings muscle- tissues that contract connective- hold two structures together nervous- brain, spinal cord

16. What is the function of the ribosome? The mitochondria? Explain how oxygen cycles between trees and humans