1. Cell structures & Functions
Animal Cell
Bacterial Cell
Plant Cell

2. Organelles
Structures that carry out a specific activities in the cell.
Found in the
cytoplasm

3. Cell membrane Location: Surrounding the cell
Function: Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell
“Selectively permeable”
Made of proteins and phospholipids

4. Cytoplasm Location: most of cell
Function: jelly like substance that provides support for organelles, and a place for reactions to occur.

5. Nucleus Location: center of cell, bound by the nuclear membrane.
Function: controls the normal activities of the cell.
Contains chromosomes!

6. Nucleolus
Location: inside Nucleus
Function: makes ribosomes.

7. Ribosomes Location: cytoplasm, and on the Rough ER
Function: structure on which proteins are made.

8. Endoplasmic Reticulum
A highly folded membrane used to move proteins through the cell.
Two types:
Smooth ER
lacks ribosomes
Rough ER
has ribosomes
on its surface

9. Can you tell rough ER from smooth ER?

10. Golgi Apparatus Flattened membrane bound sacs
Function: packaging and distribution center
-Contains enzymes that modify proteins received in vesicles from the ER.
-Then repackaged in new vesicles to be shipped out

12. Lysosome Small, spherical vesicles
Function: Contains cells digestive enzymes
Breaks down foods, and worn out cell parts

13. Mitochondria
Function: harvests energy from organic compounds to make ATP (energy)
Has its own DNA and ribosomes
Primitive prokaryotes are the ancestors of mitochondria

14. Cytoskeleton Made up of Microtubules & Microfilaments
Function: Structure & support

15. Plant Cells

16. Chloroplast
Function: photosynthesis - traps sunlight to make sugars (food)
Contain green pigment called chlorophyll

17. Vacuole
Function: stores compounds such as sugars, proteins, minerals, wastes, & pigments, maintains cell structure (turgidity)
Large single central vacuole

18. Cell wall
Function: Gives shape to cell, protection, support, prevents excess water entry & “Lysing”
Made of cellulose, very rigid
Outside cell membrane

21. Differences between plant cells and animal cells
Smaller in size
Irregular shape
Nucleus in center
No cell wall
Vacuole small or none at all
No chloroplasts
Plant Cell
Larger in size
Regular shape
Nucleus against wall
Cell wall
Single large Central vacuole
Chloroplasts

22. Cells viewed in Lab

23. Cork Cells

24. Elodea cells
10X
Chloroplasts
40X
100X

25. Onion Cell
Nucleus

26. Cheek cells