1. A Tour of the Cell Plant Cell

2. Cells Eukaryotic cells, including plant and animal cells, contain a nucleus and organelles Plant cells contain a cell wall, chloroplasts and other organelles Animal cells contain mitochondria and other organelles Prokaryotic cells do not include a nucleus or specialized organelles, include bacteria See Figs 7.7 and 7.8

3. The Nucleus Found only in eukaryotic cells Pores in the nuclear envelope allow for exchange of materials between nucleus and cytoplasm Contains genetic material, DNA Contains a nucleolus, site where parts of ribosomes are produced See Fig. 7.9

4. Nucleus

5. Ribosomes Free ribosomes (ribosomes in cytoplasm) Bound ribosomes (ribosomes attached to endoplasmic reticulum) Both carry out protein synthesis See Fig. 7.10

6. Endomembrane System Many membranes are interrelated directly through physical continuity or indirectly through transport vesicles

7. Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth E.R. (no ribosomes attached), synthesizes steroids, metabolizes carbohydrates, stores calcium, and detoxifies liver cells Rough E.R. (has ribosomes), manufactures proteins for secretion Fig 7.11

8. Endoplasmic Reticulum

9. Golgi Apparatus Finish, sort, and “ship” many products of the cell Synthesize macromolecules Store and export products of E.R. Fig 7.12

10. Golgi Apparatus

11. Lysosomes Digestive compartments Recycle monomers from cell macromolecules Digest substances ingested by phagocytosis Fig 7.14

12. Vacuoles Storage compartments Animal cells have food vacuoles Plant cells have contractile vacuoles Function to provide waste disposal, cell elongation, and protection Fig 7.15

13. Peroxisomes Consume oxygen in various metabolic functions Produce hydrogen peroxide as a waste product and then converts it to water Fig 7.17

14. Mitochondria Sites of cell respiration in eukaryotic cells Uses energy to restock cellular supply of ATP Fig 7.18

15. Mitochondria

16. Chloroplasts Contain chlorophyll and other pigments which function in photosynthesis Found only in plant cells Fig.7.19

17. Cytoskeleton Provides structural support Cilia and flagella aid in mobility Intermediate filaments support cell shape and fix certain organelles in place Table 7.2

18. Extracellular Matrix Found in animal cells Function in support, adhesion, movement, and development Consists of protein fibers and a proteoglycan complex attached to the cell membrane Fig. 7.30

19. Websites Test Yourself On Identifying the Parts of Cells Go to http://www.discoverbiology.com/cells/welcome.htm Click on “Self Test” On the left side of the screen. Try the “Drag and Drop” tests 6.2a, 6.2b & 6.2c Go to http://www.sigmaxi.org/amsci/articles/99articles/Hoppert.html Read the article and look at the illustrations.

20. More Websites http://www.cellsalive.com