1. Pest of fruits

2. Bactrocera spp. Diptera: Tephritidae Diptera: Tephritidae Fruitflies (many fruits: papaya, starfruit, melon,jackfruit, guava, mango etc) Fruitflies (many fruits: papaya, starfruit, melon,jackfruit, guava, mango etc) Damage : The larvae feed on the inside of citrus, soft brown patches on the skin. The rotting fruits later fall to the ground. Damage : The larvae feed on the inside of citrus, soft brown patches on the skin. The rotting fruits later fall to the ground. Control : Attacked fruits should be removed from the tree or collected from the ground and destroyed. Control : Attacked fruits should be removed from the tree or collected from the ground and destroyed. Chemical control: (1) Rogor-40 at 1 fluid oz. in 4 gallons of water; and (2) Lebaycid at 1 1/2 fluid oz. in 4 gallons of water. Chemical control: (1) Rogor-40 at 1 fluid oz. in 4 gallons of water; and (2) Lebaycid at 1 1/2 fluid oz. in 4 gallons of water. Eg: Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera umbrosa,Bactrocera papayae Eg: Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera umbrosa,Bactrocera papayae

3. Rhynchocoris spp. Hemiptera: Pentatomidae Hemiptera: Pentatomidae Attack citrus fruits Attack citrus fruits Damage: Both the adults and nymphs of this bug suck the juices from young citrus shoots and fruit at night. Young shoots become mottled and their growth is retarded. Attacked fruits show brown patches, and may later become rotten and fall to the ground. Control : malathion 50 per cent emulsion or fenitrothion (available as verthion, agrothion, or folithion-all at 50 per cent emulsion) at 1 1/2 fluid oz. in 4 gallons of water. Damage: Both the adults and nymphs of this bug suck the juices from young citrus shoots and fruit at night. Young shoots become mottled and their growth is retarded. Attacked fruits show brown patches, and may later become rotten and fall to the ground. Control : malathion 50 per cent emulsion or fenitrothion (available as verthion, agrothion, or folithion-all at 50 per cent emulsion) at 1 1/2 fluid oz. in 4 gallons of water. The fruits should not be picked until 10 to 14 days after the last spraying. The fruits should not be picked until 10 to 14 days after the last spraying.

4. Conopomorpha cramerella Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae rambutan rambutan Larvae bore into fruit/ seed Larvae bore into fruit/ seed Buah rosak, dalam ada larvae Buah rosak, dalam ada larvae Control: damaged fruits destroyed, regular attack spray trichlorphon, endosulfan 0.1% a.i Control: damaged fruits destroyed, regular attack spray trichlorphon, endosulfan 0.1% a.i

5. Dysmicoccus brevipes Homoptera: Pesudococcidae Homoptera: Pesudococcidae Mealybug/koya Mealybug/koya Nymph & adult Nymph & adult Suck sap from root,fruit & leaves Suck sap from root,fruit & leaves Disease: layu merah(red wilt) Disease: layu merah(red wilt) roots stop growing, become soft and then rot. roots stop growing, become soft and then rot.

7. Control: use clean material for planting Control: use clean material for planting Spray white oil, malathion 0.1 % a.i Spray white oil, malathion 0.1 % a.i Planting mateial dipped in malathion 0.05 % a.i. Planting mateial dipped in malathion 0.05 % a.i.

8. Cosmopolites sordidus Coleoptera: Curculionidae Coleoptera: Curculionidae Stem borer Stem borer The stem will collapse/destroy The stem will collapse/destroy Control: old banana stem destroyed. Control: old banana stem destroyed. Spray dieldrin, gamma BHC 0.1% Spray dieldrin, gamma BHC 0.1%

9. Banana leaf roller Erionota thrax Erionota thrax Lepidoptera:Hisperiidae Lepidoptera:Hisperiidae Larvae attack/feed on banana leaf Larvae attack/feed on banana leaf Symptom: larva cuts the leaf and rolls up banana leaves starting from the leaf midrib (tulang daun) Symptom: larva cuts the leaf and rolls up banana leaves starting from the leaf midrib (tulang daun)

10. Control: Control: Mechanical: collect the leaf rolls and destroy the larvae and pupae Mechanical: collect the leaf rolls and destroy the larvae and pupae Biocontrol: use egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus erionotae (Encyrtidae) and Cotesia erionotae Biocontrol: use egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus erionotae (Encyrtidae) and Cotesia erionotae Chemical: spray trichlorfon on leaves Chemical: spray trichlorfon on leaves