1. English-Lang Arts Standard 3.0 Literary response and Analysis archetypes3.6 Analyze the ways in which authors…use archetypes …

2. DENOTATION (basic definition) “An archetype is a pattern from which copies can be made.” Excerpted from Archetypeshttp://www.readprint.com/article-3

3. archetype “A pattern or model of action (e.g., mourning the dead), a character type (e.g., a rebellious youth) or an image (e.g., paradise as a garden) that recurs consistently enough in life and literature to be considered universal.”“A pattern or model of action (e.g., mourning the dead), a character type (e.g., a rebellious youth) or an image (e.g., paradise as a garden) that recurs consistently enough in life and literature to be considered universal.” –From Absurd to Zeitgeist

4. Universal “Archetypes are repeated patterns that recur in the literature of every age and culture.” http://www.msheidecker.com/AP_handouts/archetypesLiterature.pdf

5. Universal “These archetypes can be found all over the world and throughout history. The manifestation of the idea may be different, but the idea itself is the same.” http://www.msheidecker.com/AP_handouts/archetypesLiterature.pdf

6. Two types of archetypes 1. Stereotype – a generic, oversimplified personality type –When people think of Manhattan Beach they often think about the stereotypical (stereotype of the) “surfer dude.”

7. Two types of archetypes 2. Epitome – idealized version; the “perfect example” example of something –He is the epitome of the scholar- athlete. (noun) –Her home epitomized elegance and warmth. (verb to epitomize)

8. Archetypes in literature Plot patterns and character types that occur frequently in literature, myth, religion or folklore.Plot patterns and character types that occur frequently in literature, myth, religion or folklore. A “type” of story or character we recognize and see used over and over in different stories.A “type” of story or character we recognize and see used over and over in different stories.

9. Examples of character archetypes the Everyman (represents all “regular” people)the Everyman (represents all “regular” people) the perfect mother/ bad motherthe perfect mother/ bad mother the abusive father/ perfect fatherthe abusive father/ perfect father the mother figure/father figurethe mother figure/father figure the wise old man (often serves as a mentor to a neophyte)the wise old man (often serves as a mentor to a neophyte) the "eternal boy" (guy who won’t grow up)the "eternal boy" (guy who won’t grow up) the “fallen woman” with a heart of goldthe “fallen woman” with a heart of gold the artist-scientistthe artist-scientist the kid genius the hermit the wanderer the magician the devil (in his many forms) the foolthe fool the fallen mentorthe fallen mentor the good king or queenthe good king or queen the medicine man/woman/shamanthe medicine man/woman/shaman the hunterthe hunter the strongmanthe strongman the judgethe judge the sacred messengerthe sacred messenger the career man/woman

10. Example of Character Archetype Mother Figure

11. Mother figure (“An older woman, often one in a position of power or influence, who elicits the emotions usually reserved for a mother.”) http://www.thefreedictionary.com/mother+figures

12. Example of Character Archetype Hero –willing –unlikely –reluctant

13. Classic (willing) hero

14. Unlikely hero

15. Classic (willing) hero

16. Reluctant or unlikely hero

17. Other archetypes that tend to be used as heroes the honest thiefthe honest thief the lovable rogue the lovable rogue the outlawthe outlaw the humbled hero the humbled hero the nerd the nerd the prodigy the prodigy the whiz kid the whiz kid the repentant traitor the repentant traitor the rookie the rookie the bad boy the bad boy the chosen onethe chosen one the orphaned hero the orphaned hero the haunted hero the haunted hero the born loser the born loser the fall guythe fall guy the contender the contender the loose cannon the loose cannon the wise old man the wise old man

18. Plot (Action) Archetypes a journey (modern version: the road trip) a quest the rite of passage or initiation a coming of age experience sleep/dream experiences sacrifices or sacrificial rites transformation death and rebirth/return to life OTHERS?

19. Coming of Age Story Stock plot (archetypal pattern of action)Stock plot (archetypal pattern of action) Generally recounts one incident or a closely related series of incidents that cause an adolescent to gain a new level of maturity.Generally recounts one incident or a closely related series of incidents that cause an adolescent to gain a new level of maturity. Adolescent begins to move emotionally, socially, and cognitively from childhood into adulthood.Adolescent begins to move emotionally, socially, and cognitively from childhood into adulthood.

20. Examples of Plot Archetypes A downtrodden individual struggles to find purpose in life or identity (man vs. self). He/she finds a mentor who helps straighten out his/her life. Both mentor and downtrodden individual grow from experience.A downtrodden individual struggles to find purpose in life or identity (man vs. self). He/she finds a mentor who helps straighten out his/her life. Both mentor and downtrodden individual grow from experience. Boy and girl hate each other (man vs. man). Boy and girl are thrown into circumstances that require them to work together to overcome an obstacle. Boy and girl grow to respect one another. Boy and girl fall in love and live “happily ever after.”Boy and girl hate each other (man vs. man). Boy and girl are thrown into circumstances that require them to work together to overcome an obstacle. Boy and girl grow to respect one another. Boy and girl fall in love and live “happily ever after.” Common man’s family faces a hardship or injustice. Common man must fight an unfair “system” (man vs. society) to get what they need and gains respect from others.Common man’s family faces a hardship or injustice. Common man must fight an unfair “system” (man vs. society) to get what they need and gains respect from others.

21. Classic Setting Archetypes gardens forests caves and tunnels mountains and peaks water: river/sea/fountain islands towers the spirit world the underworld the moon or other world

22. Modern Setting Archetypes Setting drives theme/plot suburbia (represents “the good life” or “conformity”?) impersonal giant corporate buildings –represents man vs. society or “make it in the big time” inner city neighborhoods –represents the struggle against violence, poverty, gangs, drugs, oppression (either successful or unsuccessful) small town (represents ideal closeness of community or lack of opportunity and closed mindedness?) rural setting (farm, ranch—represents purer, simpler life) the metropolis/big city (as ideal or as a place where people are just one of the masses? man vs. self: small town or big city?)

23. HOMEWORK Bring in at least TWO pictures that represent archetypes (character, plot or setting). ON THE FRONT label it as follows: 1.Identify who/what it is and what it is from. 2.Identify the archetype category (character, plot, setting) 3.Identify the specific archetype type. 4.Explain how that archetype fits that type.

24. Yoda from Star Wars Character archetype Wise old man and mentor Yoda is a Jedi Master and mentor to Luke Skywalker.

25. Star Wars and the relationship between Luke Skywalker and Yoda Plot archetype A quest, a coming of age, and/or a transformation LUKE SKYWALKER is the downtrodden individual struggling to find purpose in life or identity (man vs. self). He/she finds a mentor (YODA) who helps him find direction and purpose in life and meet his full potential. Both Luke and Yoda grow and change from the experience.LUKE SKYWALKER is the downtrodden individual struggling to find purpose in life or identity (man vs. self). He/she finds a mentor (YODA) who helps him find direction and purpose in life and meet his full potential. Both Luke and Yoda grow and change from the experience.

26. Primordial (Jung) “We, as individuals, have these archetypal images ingrained in our understanding even before we are born.” http://www.msheidecker.com/AP_handouts/archetypesLiterature.pdf

27. From http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CLit/study_criticism.htm Archetypal Criticism Archetypal criticism depends heavily on symbols and patterns operating on a universal scale. It is based on Carl Gustav Jung’s (1875-1961) psychological theory. Jung believed in a collective unconscious that lay deep within all of us and contained the “cumulative knowledge, experiences, and images of the entire human race” (Bressler, 1994, p. 92). Jung identified certain archetypes, which are simply repeated patterns and images of human experience found in literature, such as the changing seasons; the cycle of birth, death, rebirth; the hero and the heroic quest; the beautiful temptress. The basis of archetypal criticism is that all literature consists of variations on a great mythic cycle within the following pattern: 1. The hero begins life in a paradise (such as a garden) 2. The hero is displaced from paradise (alienation) 3. The hero endures time of trial and tribulation, usually a wandering (a journey) 4. The hero achieves self-discovery as a result of the struggles on that journey 5. The hero returns to paradise (either the original or a new and improved one) The journey motif is very common in children’s stories and usually takes one of the two forms: 1. The linear journey: The hero moves away from home, encounters adventures, and finds a new home better than the first. 2. The circular journey: The hero moves away from home, encounters adventures, and returns home a better person. Strength: It allows us to see the larger patterns of literature Limitation: It tends to ignore the individual contributions of the author and the specific cultural and societal influences.