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VERTEBRATES: Animals with true backbones (PHYLUM CHORDATA)
Science AHSGE Standard III-3, part 2 THE ANIMAL KINGDOM VERTEBRATES: Animals with true backbones (PHYLUM CHORDATA)
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Kingdom Animalia All vertebrates have bilateral symmetry
All vertebrates are sexual Multicellular with true tissues Specialized eukaryotic cells Muscular/nervous systems unique to animals Have their own means of locomotion Consumers- ingest food 1,326,239 classified species 9,812,298 total species
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Fish Aquatic/marine Fins- Projections that allow for turning and balance Swim Bladder- Sac-like organ that holds air for floatation Gills- Remove oxygen from water Two-chambered heart External fertilization Differentiated by skeleton and/or jaws
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Class Osteichthyes (Pisces): Bony fish
Catfish * Red snapper
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Giant Asian catfish
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Class Chondrichthyes: Cartilagenous fish
Great white shark
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Class Chondrichthyes: Cartilagenous fish
Skate Sting ray
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Class Agnatha Jawless fish Many parasitic
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Class Amphibia Smooth moist skin Mucus secreting- Chemical defense
Three chambered heart Some skin breathing Two life stages: water and land Born with gills Develop lungs later in life External fertilization
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Class Amphibia Poison dart frog Marble Salamander
Example: Warning coloration Marble Salamander
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Class Reptilia Dry, scaly skin
Many have claws and fangs (mechanical defense) Amniotic egg- soft, leathery shell Three chambered heart Internal fertilization Most give no parental care
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Class Reptilia Left- Coral snake Right- Scarlet king snake
Example: Warning coloration Right- Scarlet king snake Example: Mimicry
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Class Reptilia Alligator Crocodile
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Giant Croc found in New Orleans after hurricane
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Class Reptilia Turtles
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Class Aves Covered with feathers Feathers serve as insulation/flight
Hollow bones Beaks are an adaptation to food sources Hard, calcium-enriched shell; some spotted for camouflage Four chambered heart Internal fertilization
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Class Aves Bald eagle Gray heron
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Class Aves Ostrich Penguins
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Class Mammalia Covered in fur Females produce milk for the young
Parental care for young Internal fertilization Four chambered heart
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Class Mammalia Order Monotremata: Egg-laying mammals
Duck-billed platypus Spiny anteater
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Class Mammalia Order Marsupials: Pouch mammals
Young born underdeveloped Finish developing in pouch Kangaroos Koalas
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Class Mammalia Order Marsupials Opossum Wombat
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Class Mammalia Order Marsupials Tasmanian devil
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Class Mammalia Order Placentals
Young fully develop inside the mother in a sac-like organ called the placenta Dolphins Use echolocation to see at night Humpback whales Baleen- Device in a whales mouth used to filter food parties
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Class Mammalia Order Placentals Armadillo Grizzly bear
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Class Mammalia Order Placental Bats Bats use echolocation to see also
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Class Mammalia Arctic mammals Lion Example: Convergent evolution
Example: Camouflage
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