1. Vertebrates Chap. 3, lesson 2, pages 51-65
Classifying Animals
Vertebrates
Chap. 3, lesson 2, pages 51-65

2. Animals divided into 2 groups
Vertebrates
These are animals with backbones.
Over 50,000 species of vertebrates in world
Some examples are:
humans
hummingbirds
Blue whales
Invertebrates
These are animals without ___________.
Over _________ species of invertebrates in world.
Some examples are:
_______________
________________

3. Vertebrates have 3 special features:
Internal skeleton
skull
backbone

4. Vertebrate are divided into 7 classes:
Fish with bones (bass, trout, salmon)
Fish with cartilage (sharks, skates, rays)
Fish without jaws or scales (lampreys, hagfish)
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
mammals

5. There are about 24,000 species of fish in the world.
All fish live in water and breathe with their gills.
Most fish have skeleton of bones.
Ex: bass, trout, salmon
Bony fish covered in scales
Bony fish have swim bladder that help them move up and down in water.
Cold-blooded
Some fish have cartilage instead of bone.
They have powerful jaws and sharp teeth.
Ex: sharks, skates, rays

6. amphibians=“_______________”
Over 5,000 species of frogs, toads, + salamanders.
Live part of life on land, and part in water.
Adult amphibians breathe with lungs or through their skin which is thin and moist.
Cold-blooded
Tadpoles to frogs
Tadpole live in water,
Then grows legs,
loses gills and tail,
develops into frog.
Frog lives on land.
This is called Metamorphosis.

7. Reptiles Ex: snakes, lizards, turtles, alligators, crocodiles.
About 7,000 species.
Some live in water, some on land.
Skin is scaly and watertight.
Most lay eggs on land, and the egg is soft.
Reptiles breathe with lungs.
Cold-blooded which means their body temp. changes with their surroundings.

8. Birds More than 9,000 species. Almost all can fly-except
Ostrich emu penguins
Feathers keep birds warm, provide lift for flying, and smooth their body.

9. Birds cont. Have hollow bones that make it easy to fly.
Need to eat constantly because they burn up so much energy flying.
Breathe with lungs.
Lay eggs have hard shell
Birds are
warm-blooded.
This means that no matter what the temperature is inside or outside, their body temperature stays the same.

10. Mammals
Named for the mammary gland which produces milk for their babies.
Mammals nurse their babies.
Most mammals have hair that covers body
Most live on land, but some in water, ex:
Whales, porpoises, dolphins

11. Mammals cont. All have lungs and breathe air.
Most mammals birth live babies.
-bears
-elephants
-mice
-humans
Some have babies inside a pouch, like
Opossums
kangaroos
Only a couple lay eggs, such as
Duck-billed platypus\
Spiny anteater

12. What three features do all vertebrate have?1. 2. 3.
How does a trout’s skeleton differ from a shark’s skeleton?
What happens during metamorphosis in a frog?
Why are a frog’s eggs able to survive in dry places?
What 2 features do mammals have that other vertebrates do not have?