1. Respiratory Physiology1
Human Physiology
Respiratory Physiology
Chapter 12

2. 2
Ventilation C
During inspiration, there is an decrease in the ___________ pressure.
A. transpulmonary
B. intrapulmonary
C. intraabdominal
D. alveolar
ANSWER

3. 3
Ventilation C
During inspiration, there is an decrease in the ___________ pressure.
A. transpulmonary
B. intrapulmonary
C. intraabdominal
D. alveolar

4. 4 A
Ventilation
Which volume remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration? A. Inspiratory reserve volume.
B. Tidal volume.
C. Residual volume.
D. Vital capacity.
E. Expiratory reserve volume.
ANSWER

5. 5 A
Ventilation
Which volume remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration? A. Inspiratory reserve volume.
B. Tidal volume.
C. Residual volume.
D. Vital capacity.
E. Expiratory reserve volume.
ANSWER

6. 6 a
Ventilation
A person has a vital capacity of 5 L, a tidal volume of 0.5 L, an inspiratory reserve volume of 3 L, and a residual volume of 2.5 L. What is his total lung volume?
A. 5.5 L B. 3.0 L. C. 7.5 L
D. 8.0 L E. 4.5 L
ANSWER

7. a 7
Ventilation
A person has a vital capacity of 5 L, a tidal volume of 0.5 L, an inspiratory reserve volume of 3 L, and a residual volume of 2.5 L. What is his total lung volume?
A. 5.5 L B. 3.0 L. C. 7.5 L
D. 8.0 L E. 4.5 L

8. 8 C
Ventilation 400
Which of the following is true during inspiration? A. Intrapleural pressure is more positive than it is during expiration.
B. The volume in the lungs is less than the
functional residual capcity (FRC).
C. Intrapleural pressure is more negative than it is during expiration.
D. Alveolar pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure.
ANSWER
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9. 9
Ventilation 400 C
Which of the following is true during inspiration? A. Intrapleural pressure is more positive than it is during expiration.
B. The volume in the lungs is less than the
functional residual capcity (FRC).
C. Intrapleural pressure is more negative than it is during expiration.
D. Alveolar pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure.
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10. 1010 C
Ventilation 500
A 45-year-old man is having generalized weakness of the skeletal muscles but is otherwise normal. Which of the following lung volumes or lung capacities most likely would be normal? A. Residual volume.
B. Vital capacity.
C. Functional residual capacity.
D. Total lung capacity.
E. Inspiratory reserve volume.
ANSWER
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11. 1111
Ventilation 500 C
A 45-year-old man is having generalized weakness of the skeletal muscles but is otherwise normal. Which of the following lung volumes or lung capacities most likely would be normal? A. Residual volume.
B. Vital capacity.
C. Functional residual capacity.
D. Total lung capacity.
E. Inspiratory reserve volume.
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12. 1212 d
Gas Exchange 100
On the summit of Mt. Everest, where the barometric pressure is about 250 mm Hg, the partial pressure of O2 is approximately __________ mm Hg.
A B C. 25 D. 50 E. 75
ANSWER
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13. d
Gas Exchange 100
1313
On the summit of Mt. Everest, where the barometric pressure is about 250 mm Hg, the partial pressure of O2 is approximately __________ mm Hg.
A B C. 25 D. 50 E. 75
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14. Gas Exchange 200 Respiratory membrane consists of
1414 A
Gas Exchange 200
Respiratory membrane consists of
A. Alveolar membrane, the endothelium
and the basement membrane of the
pulmonary capillary.
B. alveolar membrane and the basement membrane of the pulmonary capillary.
C. alveolar membrane only.
D. alveolar membrane and the endothelium.
ANSWER
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15. Gas Exchange 200 Respiratory membrane consists of
1515
Respiratory membrane consists of
A. Alveolar membrane, the endothelium
and the basement membrane of the
pulmonary capillary.
B. alveolar membrane and the basement membrane of the pulmonary capillary.
C. alveolar membrane only.
D. alveolar membrane and the endothelium.
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16. 1616 D
Gas Exchange 300
Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of blood to transport oxygen?
A. pH of plasma.
B. Capacity of the blood to dissolve oxygen.
C. CO2 content of RBCs.
D. Amount of hemoglobin in the blood.
E. Temperature of the blood.
ANSWER
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17. 1717
Gas Exchange 300 D
Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of blood to transport oxygen?
A. pH of plasma.
B. Capacity of the blood to dissolve oxygen.
C. CO2 content of RBCs.
D. Amount of hemoglobin in the blood.
E. Temperature of the blood.
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18. C
1818
Gas Exchange 400
Daily Double!!!
Which of these statements about the PCO2 is true? It is higher
A. in the alveoli than in the pulmonary arteries.
B. in the pulmonary veins than in the
pulmonary arteries.
C. in the systemic veins than in the systemic arteries.
D. than the PO2 in systemic arteries.
E. than the PO2 in the alveoli.
ANSWER
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19. 1919
Gas Exchange 400 C
Daily Double!!!
Which of these statements about the PCO2 is true? It is higher
A. in the alveoli than in the pulmonary arteries.
B. in the pulmonary veins than in the
pulmonary arteries.
C. in the systemic veins than in the systemic arteries.
D. than the PO2 in systemic arteries.
E. than the PO2 in the alveoli.
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20. 2020 D
Gas Exchange 500
If an area of the lung is not ventilated because of bronchial obstruction, the pulmonary capillary blood serving that area will have a PO2 that is
A. higher than inspired PO2.
B. equal to normal systemic arterial PO2.
C. equal to atmospheric PO2 .
D. equal to venous PO2.
E. lower than venous PO2.
ANSWER
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21. 2121 D
Gas Exchange 500
If an area of the lung is not ventilated because of bronchial obstruction, the pulmonary capillary blood serving that area will have a PO2 that is
A. higher than inspired PO2.
B. equal to normal systemic arterial PO2.
C. equal to atmospheric PO2 .
D. equal to venous PO2.
E. lower than venous PO2.
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22. Regulation of Breathing 100
2222 A
Regulation of Breathing 100
The receptors that are stimulated by a decrease in the arterial blood PO2 are located in the
A. carotid and aortic bodies.
B. tissue capillaries.
C. respiratory centers in the medulla.
D. all of the above.
ANSWER
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23. Regulation of Breathing 100
2323
Regulation of Breathing 100 A
The receptors that are stimulated by a decrease in the arterial blood PO2 are located in the
A. carotid and aortic bodies.
B. tissue capillaries.
C. respiratory centers in the medulla.
D. all of the above.
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24. Regulation of Breathing 200
2424
Regulation of Breathing 200
Daily Double!!!
Rhythmicity center for the control of automatic breathing is situated in the ____________.
A. pons
B. medulla oblongata
C. hypothalamus
D. lungs
ANSWER
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25. Regulation of Breathing 200
2525 B
Regulation of Breathing 200
Daily Double!!!
Rhythmicity center for the control of automatic breathing is situated in the ____________.
A. pons
B. medulla oblongata
C. hypothalamus
D. lungs
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26. Regulation of Breathing 300
2626 B
Regulation of Breathing 300
Which of the following limits the duration of inspiration initiated by the medullary neurons?
A. Apneustic center.
B. Pneumotaxic center.
C. Ventral respiratory group.
D. Dorsal respiratory group.
E. Respiratory muscles.
ANSWER
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27. Regulation of Breathing 300
2727
Regulation of Breathing 300 B
Which of the following limits the duration of inspiration initiated by the medullary neurons?
A. Apneustic center.
B. Pneumotaxic center.
C. Ventral respiratory group.
D. Dorsal respiratory group.
E. Respiratory muscles.
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28. Regulation of Breathing 400
2828 A
Regulation of Breathing 400
Medullary chemoreceptors are sensitive to
A. increased PCO2.
B. decreased PO2.
C. decreased pH.
D. A and B.
E. B and C.
F. A, B and C.
ANSWER
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29. Regulation of Breathing 400
2929 A
Regulation of Breathing 400
Medullary chemoreceptors are sensitive to
A. increased PCO2.
B. decreased PO2.
C. decreased pH.
D. A and B.
E. B and C.
F. A, B and C.
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30. Regulation of Breathing 500
D A B C E
3030
Regulation of Breathing 500
Daily Double!!!
Rearrange the following steps in the regulation of breathing by the chemoreceptors.
A. Increased arterial PCO2.  B. Increased PCO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid.  C. Stimulation of medullary chemoreceptors.  D. Hypoventilation.  E. Hyperventilation. 
Correct order is __→ __→ __→ __→ __
ANSWER
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31. Regulation of Breathing 500
3131
Regulation of Breathing 500
D A B C E
Daily Double!!!
Rearrange the following steps in the regulation of breathing by the chemoreceptors.
A. Increased arterial PCO2.  B. Increased PCO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid.  C. Stimulation of medullary chemoreceptors.  D. Hypoventilation.  E. Hyperventilation. 
Correct order is D→A→ B→C→ E
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32. 3232
systemic
Oxygen Transport 100
If the loading reaction occurs in the lungs, the unloading reaction occurs in the ________ capillaries.
ANSWER
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33. 3333
systemic
Oxygen Transport 100
If the loading reaction occurs in the lungs, the unloading reaction occurs in the systemic capillaries.
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34. 3434 B
Oxygen Transport 200
O2 delivery to the tissues would be reduced to the greatest extent in
A. a patient with moderately severe metabolic acidosis.
B. a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning.
C. a normal subject breathing 100% oxygen on the top of Pikes Peak.
D. a normal subject running a marathon at the sea level.
ANSWER
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35. 3535
Oxygen Transport 200 B
O2 delivery to the tissues would be reduced to the greatest extent in
A. a patient with moderately severe metabolic acidosis.
B. a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning.
C. a normal subject breathing 100% oxygen on the top of Pikes Peak.
D. a normal subject running a marathon at the sea level.
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36. 3636 D
Oxygen Transport 300
According to the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve,
A. the greater the blood PO2, the greater the
dissociation of O2 from hemoglobin.
B. lower the BPG, higher the dissociation of O2.
C. at normal systemic venous PO2, about 75%.
of the hemoglobin is in the form of
deoxyhemoglobin.
D. at normal systemic arterial PO2, hemoglobin is about 97.5% saturated.
ANSWER
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37. 3737
Oxygen Transport 300 D
According to the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve,
A. the greater the blood PO2, the greater the
dissociation of O2 from hemoglobin.
B. lower the BPG, higher the dissociation of O2.
C. at normal systemic venous PO2, about 75%.
of the hemoglobin is in the form of
deoxyhemoglobin.
D. at normal systemic arterial PO2, hemoglobin is about 97.5% saturated.
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38. 3838 A
Oxygen Transport 400
Daily Double!!!
In the hemoglobin-O2 dissociation curves shown here, the shift from curve A to curve B could be caused by decreased
A. pH.
B. BPG.
C. CO2.
D.temperature.
ANSWER
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39. 3939
Oxygen Transport 400 A
Daily Double!!!
In the hemoglobin-O2 dissociation curves shown here, the shift from curve A to curve B could be caused by decreased
A. pH.
B. BPG.
C. CO2.
D.temperature.
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40. 4040 A
Oxygen Transport 500
In arterial blood with a PO2 of 60 mm Hg, which of the following situations will result in the lowest blood oxygen saturation?
A. Elevated body temperature, acidosis, and increased BPG.
B. normal body temperature with alkalosis.
C. Decreased BPG with normal body temperature and blood pH.
D. Decreased body temperature, alkalosis and
increased BPG.
E. elevated body temperature with alkalosis.
ANSWER
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41. 4141
Oxygen Transport 500 A
In arterial blood with a PO2 of 60 mm Hg, which of the following situations will result in the lowest blood oxygen saturation?
A. Elevated body temperature, acidosis, and increased BPG.
B. normal body temperature with alkalosis.
C. Decreased BPG with normal body temperature and blood pH.
D. Decreased body temperature, alkalosis and
increased BPG.
E. elevated body temperature with alkalosis.
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42. Carbon Dioxide Transport 100
4242 A
Carbon Dioxide Transport 100
Which one of the following could cause hyperventilation?  A. Breathing air with reduced PO2.
B. Lower than normal blood PCO2.
C. Higher than normal blood pH.
D. Breathing air with increased PO2.
ANSWER
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43. Carbon Dioxide Transport 100
4343
Carbon Dioxide Transport 100 A
Which one of the following could cause hyperventilation?  A. Breathing air with reduced PO2.
B. Lower than normal blood PCO2.
C. Higher than normal blood pH.
D. Breathing air with increased PO2.
BACK TO GAME

44. Carbon Dioxide Transport 200
4444 B
Carbon Dioxide Transport 200
As CO2 enters the blood from the tissue, which of the following occurs in the venous blood? (Assume that the blood has not reached the lung).
A. Buffering of H+ by oxyhemoglobin.
B. Conversion of CO2 and H2O to H+ and bicarbonate in the RBC.
C. Binding of bicarbonate to hemoglobin.
D. Movement of bicarbonate into the RBC in
exchange for Cl-.
ANSWER
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45. Carbon Dioxide Transport 200
4545
Carbon Dioxide Transport 200 B
As CO2 enters the blood from the tissue, which of the following occurs in the venous blood? (Assume that the blood has not reached the lung).
A. Buffering of H+ by oxyhemoglobin.
B. Conversion of CO2 and H2O to H+ and bicarbonate in the RBC.
C. Binding of bicarbonate to hemoglobin.
D. Movement of bicarbonate into the RBC in
exchange for Cl-.
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46. Carbon Dioxide Transport 300
4646 A
Carbon Dioxide Transport 300
During gas exchange between systemic capillaries and the tissues, chloride ion moves
A. into the RBC as bicarbonate moves out into the
plasma.
B. into the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.
C. out of the RBC as bicarbonate moves into the
D. into the RBC as bicarbonate binds with hemoglobin.
E. out of the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.
ANSWER
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47. Carbon Dioxide Transport 300
4747
Carbon Dioxide Transport 300 A
During gas exchange between systemic capillaries and the tissues, chloride ion moves
A. into the RBC as bicarbonate moves out into the
plasma.
B. into the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.
C. out of the RBC as bicarbonate moves into the
D. into the RBC as bicarbonate binds with hemoglobin.
E. out of the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.
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48. Carbon Dioxide Transport 400
4848 C
Carbon Dioxide Transport 400
In uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
A. The plasma pH is high and the plasma HCO3- concentration
and arterial PCO2 are low.
B. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- levels are low and the
arterial PCO2 is normal.
C. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- concentrations are high
and the arterial PCO2 is normal.
D. the plasma pH is low, the plasma HCO3- concentration is high,
E. The plasma pH is high, the plasma HCO3- concentration is low
and arterial PCO2 is normal.
ANSWER
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49. Carbon Dioxide Transport 400
4949 C
Carbon Dioxide Transport 400
In uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
A. The plasma pH is high and the plasma HCO3- concentration
and arterial PCO2 are low.
B. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- levels are low and the
arterial PCO2 is normal.
C. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- concentrations are high
and the arterial PCO2 is normal.
D. the plasma pH is low, the plasma HCO3- concentration is high,
E. The plasma pH is high, the plasma HCO3- concentration is low
and arterial PCO2 is normal.
BACK TO GAME

50. Carbon Dioxide Transport 500
5050
Carbon Dioxide Transport 500
Daily Double!!!
A 14-year old girl with food poisoning is found to have metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following may be the direct cause of her acid-base imbalance? A. Decreased H+ production.
B. Increased ventilation.
C. Compensatory hypoventilation.
D. Increased H+ loss due to vomiting.
ANSWER
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51. Carbon Dioxide Transport 500
5151
Carbon Dioxide Transport 500 D
Daily Double!!!
A 14-year old girl with food poisoning is found to have metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following may be the direct cause of her acid-base imbalance? A. Decreased H+ production.
B. Increased ventilation.
C. Compensatory hypoventilation.
D. Increased H+ loss due to vomiting.
BACK TO GAME