1. Cold War Study Guide

2. 1.United Nations 2. U.S. REBUILT JAPAN AFTER A-BOMB DEVASTATION-OCCUPIED BY AMERICAN FORCES, JAPAN DEVELOPED DEMOCRATIC FORM OF GOVERNMENT, RESUMED SELF-GOVERNMENT AND BECAME U.S. ALLY 3. PLAN TO REBUILD EUROPE AND ECONOMIES AFTER THE WAR PREVENT SPREAD OF COMMUNISM

3. 4. GERMANY WAS PARTITIONED INTO EAST AND WEST GERMANY EAST GERMANY REMAINED UNDER SOVIET DOMINANCE AND BECAME COMMUNIST WEST GERMANY BECAME DEMOCRATIC AND RESUMED SELF- GOV’T WHILE BEING OCCUPIED BY U.S,BRITAIN, AND FRANCE

4. 5. THE STATE OF HOSTILITY WITHOUT MILITARY CONFLICT, THAT DEVELOPED BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION AFTER WORLD WAR II, Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain ”]- COMMUNISTS, US & the Western Europe-DEMOCRATIC & CAPITALISTS Yes

5. CONTAINMENT” OF COMMUNISM 6. CONTAINMENT” OF COMMUNISM ASSIST COUNTRIES THREATENED BY COMMUNIST TAKEOVER-Ex. Greece and Turkey 7. 7. the action or policy of preventing the expansion of a hostile country or influence. 8. 8. Defensive alliance among U.S. and western European countries to prevent Soviet invasion of Europe PEACETIME MILITARY ALLIANCE

6. 9. SOVIET ALLIES IN EASTERN EUROPE FORMED WARSAW PACT 10. 1949-MAO ZEDONG(TSE-TUNG) (LEADER OF COMMUNIST PARTY) WON CIVIL WAR IN CHINA CHINA BECAME COMMUNIST 11. EISENHOWER ADOPTED A POLICY OF “MASSIVE NUCLEAR RETALIATION” TO DETER A SOVIET STRIKE. BRINKMANSHIP-ALMOST COME TO WAR-PULL BACK AT LAST MINUTE

7. 12. GARY POWERS ADMITTED SPYING AFTER PLANE WAS SHOT DOWN IN RUSSIA- WAS CONVICTED OF 10 YEARS IN A SOVIET PRISON 13. Alger Hiss and the Rosenbergs were convicted for spying. The Rosenbergs were executed.

8. 14. McCarthyism is a term used to describe the “witch hunts” used by Joseph McCarthy(senator from Wisconsin) to find Communists. 15. During 50’s and 60’s American schoolchildren had drills to prepare for bomb attacks.Duck and Cover, People built bomb shelters

9. 16. VIRGINIA AND CALIFORNIA 17. The U.S. and other U.N. members sent troops into Korea to defend Non-Communist South Korea from being invaded by Communist North Korea 18. The Korean War ended in a stalemate that kept Korea armed and divided at 38th parallel.

10. 19. FIDEL CASTRO TAKES OVER CUBA IN 195 9 AND IT BECOMES COMMUNIST 20. JOHN F. KENNEDY 21. TRAINED CUBAN EXILES BY CIA TO GO BACK AND TAKE CUBA BACK FROM CASTRO INVASION FAILED-EXILES JAILED

11. 22. THE U.S. DISCOVERED THAT SOVIET MISSILES WERE IN CUBA FOR 13 DAYS -OCTOBER 14-28 AMERICA LIVED IN FEAR THE SOVIETS(KRUSHCHEV) BACKED OFF

12. 23. would pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe,in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country

13. 24. Assassinated in Dallas, Texas November 22,1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald 25. the North Vietnam’s Communist government tries to force this government on South Vietnam. NV Gov’t backed by Soviet Union. America intervenes to help South Vietnam.- Kennedy

14. 26. granted Johnson use of broad military powers to send troops without a declaration of war. 27. Nixon 28. (replacing American troops with South Vietnamese troops 29. 1975-North and South Vietnam merge under Communist control-

15. 30. POOR WHITE AND BLACK YOUNG MEN WERE DRAFTED. 58,000 YOUNG MEN WOULD BE KILLED AND 300,000 WOULD COME HOME WITH PHYSICAL INJURIES. 31. MANY VETS WOULD FACE OPEN HOSTILITY AND INDIFFERANCE UPON RETURNING FROM THE WAR-

16. 32. PROTESTS BEGAN HEAVILY ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES FROM THESE VERY SAME STUDENTS WHO RECEIVED DEFERMENTS AND WOULD NOT BE DRAFTED. 33. F AST PACED REFORMS-MARKET ECONOMY R ISE OF NATIONALIST FEELINGS IN SOVIET REPUBLICS E CONOMIC INEFFICIENCY T HE COST OF COMPETITION WITH THE U.S.

17. 34. Glasnost-openness of government and freedoms in the Soviet Union Perestroika-economic restructuring away from Communism 35. CHALLENGED THE MORAL LEGITIMACY OF THE SOVIET UNION’S CONTROL OVER EASTERN EUROPE INCREASED U.S. MILITARY AND ECONOMIC PRESSURE ON SOVIET UNION

18. 36. FOREIGN AID HUMANITARIAN AID SUPPORT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 37. F ALL OF COMMUNISM IN EASTERN EUROPE- BREAK UP OF SOVIET STATE Y UGOSLAVIA COLLAPSE G ERMANY REUNIFICATION O PERATION DESERT STORM P ERSIAN GULF WAR 90-91-1ST TIME WOMEN IN COMBAT ROLES

19. 38. D IPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH VIETNAM L IFTING OF ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST SOUTH AFRICA AFTER APARTHEID N ATO ACTION IN FORMER YUGOSLAVIA N AFTA-NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT-TRADE BETWEEN U.S., MEXICO, AND CANADA

20. 39. ) T ERRORISTS ATTACKS ON U.S. 9/11/2001 2) W AR IN AFGHANISTAN 3) W AR IN IRAQ