1. Scientific Revolution EQ: Why do new ideas often spark change
Scientific Revolution EQ: Why do new ideas often spark change? Find Lesson Chapter:

2. Academic Vocabulary Scientific Revolution theory geocentric theory
rationalism
scientific method
hypothesis

3. Scientific Revolution
A series of events that led to modern science is called the Scientific Revolution.

4. Early Scientists
Ancient Greeks had science based on reason (“common sense”); however, they did not experiment.
As they study the world they developed theories, ideas on how something happens based on observations.
Ptolemy (astronomer) created the geocentric theory = sun and planets revolved around the Earth.

6. Activity Read The Scientific Revolution (booklet)
What does Ptolemy geo-centric theory states?
What were people in the Middle Ages most interested in?
How did the Arabs and Jews preserve the knowledge of the Romans and Greeks?
In the 1100s why did European thinkers become interested in science again?
Describe scientific knowledge during the Middle Ages in a 5-6 sentence paragraph.

7. What brings about the Scientific Revolution?
Growth of Universities
Italian Renaissance
Renewed emphasis on mathematics
Better scientific instruments
Interest in the Islamic World

8. A Revolution in Astronomy
European interest in astronomy led to new discoveries and ideas about Earth and its place in the universe.

9. Copernicus (1473-1543) Polish (Poland) mathematician
On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543)
Disagreed with Ptolemy—believed the sun was the center of the universe (sun-centered theory)

11. Johannes Kepler ( )
Supported Copernicus theory, but made corrections
He believed the planets moved in ellipses (oval paths) rather than circular motion

12. Activity: Compare and Contrast
Read a Revolution in Astronomy

13. A Revolution in Science
In 1500s Europeans thinkers began to break with the old scientific ideas.
Science can only be understood through experimentation.
Led to a revolution in science and the search for knowledge.

14. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Italian scientist
Believed knowledge could only be found by experimenting
Believed scientific instruments needed to be perfected to help humans explore their world
Clock, telescope
Catholic Church condemned him
Bible= Earth central of universe
Galileo disagrees

15. Activity: Galileo Summary
Write a summary of the video.
HOME LEARNING
Imagine that you could interview Galileo about his work. Write five questions you would like to ask him. You MUST include possible answers to those questions.
You may find the link here

16. New Scientific Discoveries
Scientific revolution led to new discoveries in physics, medicine, and chemistry
Scientific revolution continued to spread in the 1600s and 1700s.

17. Isaac Newton (1642-1727) English mathematician
Puts the ideas of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo together
Argues for a universe governed by natural laws
Principia (1687)
Laws of gravity
Gravity holds all the planets in the solar system together
His works led to the creation of Physics

18. The Triumph of Reason
Using the scientific method, Europeans of the 1600s and 1700s developed new ideas about society.
Scientists began to apply science to society.
By using reason people could learn how the universe works.
Once they know how the world works, then humans can fix existing problems and make life better.

19. Rene Descartes (1596-1650) French thinker Discourse on Method (1637)
Forget everything you learn to find “truth”
“I think therefore I am” is the only truth!!
Mathematics was source of all scientific truth
Father of rationalism = the belief that reason is the source of knowledge

20. Francis Bacon ( )
Father of the Scientific Method = an orderly way of collecting and analyzing evidence
Ideas on traditions should be put aside, and emphasized useful knowledge

21. Activity: Layered book of Scientists
Create a book of Scientists.
Each scientist name must include
Name of scientist
Nation of birth
Discoveries
Image associated to his discovery
Scientists: Nicolas Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Isaac Newton, Rene Descartes, Francis Bacon

23. Consequences of the Scientific Revolution
Rise of the “Scientific Community”
--Royal Society of London (1662)
--Academy of Royal Sciences (1666)
The modern scientific method
A universe ordered according to natural laws