1. Why are commas important? InterruptersInterrupters (nonessential elements) Using Commas

2. Why are commas important? Commas can help make the meaning of sentences clearer. In general, commas help separate or set apart elements in a sentence. Too many commas can clutter the sentence and may confuse readers.

3. Interrupters Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence. Eileen Murray, who is at the top of her class, wants to go to medical school. Nonessential clauses or phrases Nonessential clause Tim Ricardo, hoping to make the swim team, practiced every day. Nonessential phrase

4. Interrupters A nonessential (or nonrestrictive) clause or phrase adds information that is not necessary to the main idea in the sentence. Removing the nonessential clause does not change the main idea of the sentence. Eileen Murray, who is at the top of her class, wants to go to medical school. Eileen Murray wants to go to medical school.

5. Interrupters Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence. Their parrot, Mina, is very gentle. Nonessential appositives and appositive phrases Nonessential appositive Elizabeth Peña, my favorite actress, stars in the movie I rented. Nonessential appositive phrase

6. Interrupters A nonessential (or nonrestrictive) appositive or appositive phrase provides information that is unnecessary to the basic meaning of the sentence. Their parrot, Mina, is very gentle. Removing the nonessential appositive does not change the meaning of the sentence. Their parrot is very gentle.

7. Interrupters Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence. Linda, please read the poem aloud. Direct address I like the image of the birds in flight, Mr. Ryan. Your comment, Bernie, is interesting.

8. Parenthetical expressions Interrupters Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence. Of course, I am glad that he called me about the extra movie tickets. She is, in fact, a dentist. You should try out for quarterback, in my opinion.

9. Interrupters Parenthetical expressions are side remarks that add information or relate ideas. Commonly Used Parenthetical Expressions after allgenerally speakingnevertheless at any ratehoweverof course consequentlyI believeon the contrary for examplein the first placeon the other hand for instancemoreovertherefore

10. 1.My favorite painting Mona Lisa is displayed at the Louvre in Paris. 2.Did you know Amy that one of Faith Ringgold’s story quilts sold for $40,000? Identify whether the following items are missing commas (M) or are correct as is (C). For items missing commas, add the comma where needed. Interrupters 3.You are, I hope, planning to go to the museum with me.

11. 1.My favorite painting Mona Lisa is displayed at the Louvre in Paris., Interrupters M, Identify whether the following items are missing commas (M) or are correct as is (C). For items missing commas, add the comma where needed.

12. M Interrupters 2.Did you know Amy that one of Faith Ringgold’s story quilts sold for $40,000? Identify whether the following items are missing commas (M) or are correct as is (C). For items missing commas, add the comma where needed.,,

13. Interrupters C Identify whether the following items are missing commas (M) or are correct as is (C). For items missing commas, add the comma where needed. 3.You are, I hope, planning to go to the museum with me.

14. Interrupters On Your Own Add commas where needed in the following sentences. 1.My dad’s classic car a 1955 Mustang won first place in the car show. 2.That sculpture in my opinion is the most beautiful one in the exhibit. 3.Are you competing in the track meet Joyce? [End of Section]

15. Interrupters Answers Add commas where needed in the following sentences. 1.My dad’s classic car a 1955 Mustang won first place in the car show. 2.That sculpture in my opinion is the most beautiful one in the exhibit. 3.Are you competing in the track meet Joyce?,,,,,

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