1. Introduction

2. Cells By Mr. Lin Image Courtesy of http://www.cnas.missouristate.edu/labimages/Biology/Bio122/images/Week%208%20Images/Liver%20cells.JPG

3. What Are Cells?

4. What are cells? Cells are the “building blocks” to living things. –Each cell has a job in an animal or plant’s body in order to keep it functioning properly. Organelles: –Every cell is made up of smaller parts that help keep the cell healthy. These are called organelles.

5. Types of Cells Animal cells: –Cells that make up an animal. Plant cells: –Cells that make up a plant. Plant and Animal cells are similar. However there are a few key differences, which we will discuss later on.

6. Animal Cells Well, let me use a... Simile. “Animal cells are like cities.” Image Courtesy of http://www.norfolkdevelopment.com/demographic-facts/images/RedSkySkyline.jpg

7. Animal Cells have... City Limits: Boundaries Image Courtesy of http://www.system-safety.org/~issc_2006/abq-city-limits.gif

8. Animal Cells also have... A City Government: They control the environment Image Courtesy of http://www.houstontx.gov/abouthouston/images/cityhall/cityhall-large.gif

9. Animal Cells have... A Constitution: Plan on how to run the city Image Courtesy of http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/constitution-day/images/constitution- 01.gif

10. Animal Cells have... Power Plants: To Provide Energy Image Courtesy of http://www.on.ec.gc.ca/wildlife/acidrain/images/ar-stacks.jpg

11. Animal Cells have... Warehouses: For storing food and waste Image Courtesy of http://www.treepad.com/photo_album/amsterdam/images/32.jpg and http://images.trucks.com/images/47a.jpg

12. Animal Cells have... Space To Move Around In : Roads, sidewalks, lawns, playgrounds, parks Image Courtesy of http://www.mccullagh.org/db9/10d-13/midtown-manhattan-city-street.jpg

13. Mitochondria: The Power Plant releases energy from food. Cell Membrane: Separates surrounding with what’s outside. Nucleus: The Control Center for all the cell’s activities. Chromosomes: Thread-like structures that contain information about the animal’s characteristics. Holds DNA. Cytoplasm: The jellylike substance that fills the cell. Allows other organelles to move around Vacuoles: Stores food and waste

15. Cell Membrane

16. Cytoplasm

17. The Nucleus

18. Mitochondria

19. Plant Cells Well, let me use a... Simile. “Plant cells are like fortified cities.” Image courtesy of http://www.softxs.ch/alan/travel/oman/forts/pb120310.jpg

20. Plant Cells have... Walls : A Stiff protection against intruders Image Courtesy of http://www.panoramio.com/photos/medium/4674/middle-head-forts- sydney.jpg

21. Plant Cells ALSO have... A Food-maker from the Sun : “Magical” devices that turn the sun’s energy into food and sugar. Image Courtesy of http://www.sunflowerproject.org/sunflower-field-fs.jpg

22. Plant Cells ALSO have... City Limits: Boundaries Image Courtesy of http://www.system-safety.org/~issc_2006/abq-city-limits.gif

23. Plant Cells ALSO have... A City Government: They control the environment Image Courtesy of http://www.houstontx.gov/abouthouston/images/cityhall/cityhall-large.gif

24. Plant Cells ALSO have... A Constitution: Plan on how to run the city Image Courtesy of http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/constitution-day/images/constitution- 01.gif

25. Plant Cells ALSO have... Power Plants: To Provide Energy Image Courtesy of http://www.on.ec.gc.ca/wildlife/acidrain/images/ar-stacks.jpg

26. Plant Cells ALSO have... Warehouses: For storing food and waste Image Courtesy of http://www.treepad.com/photo_album/amsterdam/images/32.jpg and http://images.trucks.com/images/47a.jpg

27. Plant Cells ALSO have... Space To Move Around In : Roads, sidewalks, lawns, playgrounds, parks Image Courtesy of http://www.mccullagh.org/db9/10d-13/midtown-manhattan-city-street.jpg

28. Mitochondria: The Power Plant releases energy from food. Cell Membrane: Separates surrounding with what’s outside. Chromosomes: Thread-like structures that contain information about the plant’s characteristics. Holds DNA. Cytoplasm: The jellylike substance that fills the cell. Allows other organelles to move around Vacuoles: Stores food and waste Chloroplast: This organelle converts the sun’s energy into sugar through photosynthesis. Nucleus: The Control Center for all the cell’s activities. Cell Wall: The stiff protection on the outside

29. IMPORTANT FACT! Animal cells have MANY small vacuoles. Plant cells have one BIG vacuole

30. Cell Wall and Vacuoles

31. Chloroplast (and Photosynthesis)

32. Review The conversion of the sun’s energy into sugar (food) is called... –Photosynthesis ? + ? + ? = sugar –Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water = sugar In what organelle does photosynthesis occur? –Chloroplast

33. Mitochondria: The Power Plant releases energy from food. Cell Membrane: Separates surrounding with what’s outside. Chromosomes: Thread-like structures that contain information about the plant’s characteristics. Holds DNA. Cytoplasm: The jellylike substance that fills the cell. Allows other organelles to move around Vacuoles: Stores food and waste Chloroplast: This organelle converts the sun’s energy into sugar through photosynthesis. Nucleus: The Control Center for all the cell’s activities. Cell Wall: The stiff protection on the outside