1. North and South take Different Paths
Chapter 11

2. The Industrial Revolution
There was a great change at this time called the Industrial Revolution
There were new inventions which worked in factories that produced products more quickly
Capitalists made money off of these factories
Steam was used as power

3. The Industrial Revolution
Women were used in factories
The Lowell Girls worked for Francis Cabot Lowell, they lived in boarding houses under strict supervision
After work they attended lectures or went to the library
They gained education that they would not have got working on a family farm

4. The Industrial Revolution
The most important inventions were mass production and interchangeable parts.
Although life for the Lowell girls was good, this was not the general rule
As time went on, the conditions got worse

5. The Industrial Revolution
Children worked to help feed their families
They worked in textile mills; coal mines and steel factories as young as 7 years old.
They were not educated
Factory conditions were not good
Poor lighting
Little fresh air
Many workers were injured

6. The North Transformed
Northern cities began to grow because of Urbanization
Cities along the East coat became crowded because of immigrants arriving from Europe
These growing cities had problems such as filthy streets, bad sewage systems and citywide fires

7. The North Transformed
Samuel F. B. Morse invented the telegraph, which would send electrical signals over a wire
They used Morse code to send messages
The mechanical reaper was created to cut stalks of wheat faster then a human
Steamboats and railroads began to tie the country together because people could not transport themselves, raw materials, and manufactured goods to different places quickly

8. The North Transformed
Immigrants entered the United States during the 1840’s from Western Europe
In Ireland, there was a famine, in which a million people starved to death, one million people moved to the United States
Germans came because many had taken part of the revolutions, when the revolutions failed, they came to the US.
Many Americans were worried about foreigners, they were called nativists

9. The North Transformed
African Americans in the north faced discrimination
Although slavery had mostly ended in the North, they were not granted equal treatment
They could not work in factories or skilled trades
White newspaper showed African Americans as inferior
Freedom’s Journal was published by John B. Russwurm, to explain independence

10. The Plantation South
In the south, slavery became very important because of all of the cotton that was being grown.
The cotton gin increased the need of slaves
The south as called the Cotton Kingdom
People defended slavery
People from the south said that slavery was more humane than factory workers

12. The Plantation South
Free African Americans had laws against them, they could not go to school, vote, serve on juries or testify in court
Freedmen were often captured and sold into slavery
The laws against the slaves were called slave codes
Some slaves had skilled jobs, most did heavy farm labor
they were often whipped
Families were broken apart because they were sold

13. The Plantation South
Although the import of slavery was illegal by 1808, slaves still kept African customs, music and dances
Turner Revolt was led by Nat Turner and said that he had a vision to kill whites
He and other killed about 60

15. The Challenges of Growth
Between 1792 and 1819, 8 states joined the Union
Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois and Alabama
Because travel was difficult, private companies began to build turnpikes.
In wet areas, corduroy roads were built

16. The Challenges of Growth
Canals were built to allow boats to reach more places

17. The Challenges of Growth
In 1819, 11 states were free states, 11 states were slave states
Missouri wanted to join as a slave state
The North opposed this because then votes in the Senate would not be even
The Missouri Compromise allowed Missouri to join as a slave state if Main joined as a Free state
This lead to future difficulties