1. Referencing guide for students
Barber

2. Why reference?
References add credibility to your work and show that you have researched your topic
References strengthen your argument and discussion
References acknowledge sources and help in avoiding plagiarism
References allow your reader to verify your research

3. When do I reference? When? Quote from a source. Summarise the
ideas of someone.
Copy a diagram,
chart, picture.
Paraphrase.
(This is putting
the ideas of another
into your own words)
When?

4. To ‘cite’ is to quote.
Cardiff University (2006) [Internet] Information literacy resource bank, Accessed 24/6/07, Available on <ilrb.cf.ac.uk/plagiarism/tutorial>

5. Plagiarism
This is using someone else’s ideas and representing them as your own
By learning to reference correctly you can avoid this
Examine the cartoon , what does this mean in light of using works of others with permission?
Harris, R (2001), [Internet] The Plagiarism Handbook, Accessed 24 June 2007 Available from <

6. The student is half right – but they are confusing copyright issues with plagiarism.
When are you allowed to use work without seeking copyright permission? Check on the web.
Students must still acknowledge resources.

7. Common Knowledge There is much information which is known by everyone.
Sometimes it is specific to your field of study.
Sometimes it is general information known by the wider community.
You do not have to reference this.

8. Referencing systems There are many referencing systems.
Two main systems used by school age students are:
The Numerical System
e.g. the Footnote system
In text referencing
e.g. The Harvard system

9. The Numerical system
The numerical system uses footnotes, with a superscript immediately following the reference.
The reference appears at the bottom of the page.

10. Advantages and disadvantages
The advantage of this system is that the text is not cluttered.
References do not affect a word count.
But referencing can become confusing

11. Example of the numerical system
The issue of asylum seekers and refugees is often dominant in our media. But I discovered that the word asylum has a long history with a favorable connontation.¹
¹ Burnside, Julian. (2006.) Talking about asylum seekers. Wet ink Issue 3, Winter 2006, Page 15

12. Harvard
Harvard uses a reference immediately following the quote, the summary etc
This is called an ‘in text’ reference

13. Advantages and disadvantages
It has the advantage of being neat and straightforward
……but it tends to clutter the text
And
In text references add to a word count

14. An example of Harvard
The information given to me in my interview with Samuel Jones (2007) showed me clearly the techniques of charcoal drawing. Or
It became obvious in 2006 that the captain and the vice captain were having communication difficulties (Paul 2007)

15. Online tutorial Harvard
Go to the web site below and complete the online tutorial.

16. Be consistent The trick about referencing is consistency.
If you are using a numerical system do not change to Harvard.
If you are using Harvard do not change to a numerical system.
Information in a footnote and reference list must be ordered.
Always keep the order the same (e.g. author, date, title, publisher, place.
Universities publish their own specific guides which differ between institutions.
Students look at the various university web sites and take a note of the differences between the guides.
Look at University of SA, Flinders University, Adelaide University. Google the library and find the guides.

17. College guide We suggest that you all follow the guides given here
When you leave school and if you undertake further study the institutions will give you their specific guides.

18. Activity
Access the following website from Cardiff University and carry out the online tutorial

19. Bibliography or reference list?
A bibliography includes all resources consulted in your assignment for the gathering of information whether you cited them or not.
A reference list is a list of the resources you actually used and consequently cited (referenced).
In most cases your teachers are actually asking you for a reference list.
Remember: Citing is referencing

20. The Bibliography or Reference List
Appears at the end of your assignment.
Resources are listed in alphabetical order of author. (or title of article, book, etc if no author).
Do not divide the bibliography or reference list into different types of resource unless your teacher specifically asks you to do this.

21. Sample Bibliography - Harvard
Art Gallery of South Australia ,2007, Craft through the ages exhibition, Adelaide, March Compass ,2007, In the mind’s eye, Television program, SBS, Sydney, 4 May. Howell , J 2007 New times in store, Viewed 12 April < Jones, T 2004, How humans think, Penguin, London. Walters, J et al, When only the best will do, Wakefield Press, Adelaide.

22. Appendices
These are used to include material which is not essential to your text, but which adds to and supports it
E.g. photos, tables, questionnaires, transcripts of interviews, articles etc.
NOTE
Appendices must appear in the Table of Contents if you are writing a report
Appendices must be referred to in your work.
They must not appear at the end of the work if there is no reference to them within the piece. Referring to them in the writing means that the reader can go to the appendix or appendices to check the information.

23. Reference order Minimal capitalization is needed – titles in italics
Book
Record the author’s surname & initials, Year of publication, Title of book, Publisher, Place of publication.
Book with no author
Title of book, Year of publication, Place of Publication, Publisher.
Encyclopedia
Record the Title, Year of publication) Place of publication, Publisher, Date or volume number, page numbers

24. Magazine article
Record the author’s surname and initials, (Year of publication), Title of magazine, Date or volume number, page numbers.
Personal communications – These may be letters, interviews, telephone conversations, SMS, discussions etc
Refer to this in the text but do not add to the reference list. Ensure that you have obtained permissions first.
Radio broadcast
Leading with technology, 1999, [radio program], ABC Radio, Sydney, 2 March.
Television program
How do we live?  2003, [television program], ABC Television, Sydney, 8 May.
Video
Title of program, Year of publication, [Video], Place of publication, Publisher.

25. Internet – world wide web Record the author’s surname & initials, (if known), Year of publication, Title, Viewing date, <URL> E.g. Black J, 2000, The elephants are coming, Viewed 4 March 2008, < If no author Title, Year of publication, Viewed +date, <URL>

26. Further research
The following website has excellent resources on referencing.

27. But it is much easier to use systems which are already set up to sort out your references

28. The School Library Association of SA has an Online Referencing Generator
It is on the Immanuel Library site in Moodle
Go to Immanuel College Favourites
I learn
Library
SLASA
USING THIS SITE WILL MAKE LIFE MUCH EASIER FOR CREATING REFERENCE LISTS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES