1. CIVIL WAR UNIT 3

2. APRIL 13, 2015 Quickwrite: Describe how your spring break went. Make sure to provide details and make your QW entertaining. Daily Notes: “Realism” Essential Questions: How does Realism reflect and demonstrate American Society?

4. ANNOUNCEMENTS Your Transcendental Project is due April 17 th. If you turned it in today or earlier, you will receive 5 extra points. All make-up work is due April 17 th. Make sure to staple your work together and turn it into the tray. Native American Myths will be graded as Extra Credit. I am in the process of reorganizing everything we have done thus far this semester. If you need specific copies of something, please write it down on a sheet of paper with your name and list the items needed.

5. ANTICIPATION GUIDE 1.Carefully read over the questions and prompts. Consider each question/prompt as deeply as possible. 2.Answer each question/prompt as honestly and completely as you possibly can. 3.Please remember that when we are sharing to be respectful of one another.

6. PREDICT What do you believe Realism means? What types of writing do you believe Realist create? Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

7. REALISM (1850-1900) Realism was an artistic and literary movement that focused on the reality of everyday life and ordinary people. Realism sought to explain behavior of people both psychologically and socially. Common subjects were: rapidly growing cities, factories replacing farms, poor factory workers, corrupt politicians, etc.

8. CIVIL WAR (1861-1865) Realism sprung forth during the Civil War and picked up speed post-war. Much of Realism focuses on slavery, the damage of war, and the loss of America’s innocence. Realism is typically written in honest, objective styles. Realism, after all, is supposed to be reflective of reality. In Realism, the characters are more important than the plot. Characters are complex, layered characters. There is a large focus on inner-thoughts and psychology of characters.

9. CLOSING What are some of the realities of America today? If someone were to create a Realism novel about America today, what do you believe they would write about? Write your answer on your Prediction from earlier.

10. APRIL 14, 2015 Quickwrite: Based on your opinion— What is the “average” U.S. citizen’s life like? What do you believe the majority of Americans live like? Daily Notes: “Realism Cont.” Essential Questions: What literary forms did writers use to discuss social and political issues during this time period (1850-1914)? How did popular literature reflect the era’s social and political issues?

11. LITERARY FORMS Spirituals: a form of literature usually sung. This form of literature sprung forth from slavery—a major social and political issue of the time. Life Stories: Dramatic non-fiction accounts of lives during this time period that shed light on many issues of the era. Fiction: stories that related to the issues of the time. Journalism: Newspapers, editorials, essays, and public letters that exposed corruption, scandal, and incompetence of American Industries.

12. SOME THEMES OF THE ERA Rags to Riches: Due to a growing number of citizens struggling against poverty (especially in the city), many people began to read stories of young men finding fame and fortune through right-thinking and moral actions. Twists & Turns: Stories that had “ordinary” characters whose lives were subjected to coincidence and chance. Often these stories were humorous. The West: Romantic view of traveling west—often exciting tales of cowboys. The Common Man: Stories began to focus on everyday people, rather than fantastical stories of unlikely events.

13. ELEMENTS OF AMERICAN WRITING Settings & Plots: Unique and local settings were often what gave American literature its “Americanness.” Such settings included civil war battlefields, Mississippi Riverboats, Mining towns, etc. Dialogue & Style: Common speech and dialects also contributed to “Americanness” of literature. This focus on dialogue written as common speech helped give distinct identities to the characters and their stories. Humor: Stories were being written in a comical way, while still touching on very serious topics like corruption, evil, slavery, etc.

14. AMBROSE BIERCE (1842-1914) Born in Ohio, raised on a farm in Indiana. Self-educated, then attended a military academy in Kentucky. Joined the Union Army during the Civil War. After the Civil War he became a Journalist in San Francisco. He was called, “The Wickedest Man in San Francisco” due to his cynical and malicious commentary. Wrote two volumes of his own short stories about civil war. They were Tales of Soldiers and Civilians (1891) and Can Such Things Be? (1893). Unknown death—though many believe he died in the siege of Ojinaga in 1914 while traveling to Mexico.

15. POINT OF VIEW IN AN OCCURRENCE AT OWL CREEK BRIDGE Point of View is the perspective or vantage point from which a story is told. Types of P.O.V. 1. Omniscient – the narrator is an observer of all that happens. 2. Limited 3 rd Person – the reader’s information is limited to what a single character feels, thinks, and observes. In An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge, the point of view goes from omniscient to limited 3 rd —as this P.O.V. shifts, so do the emotional tones and sense of time. To help emphasize this change, Bierce uses stream of consciousness—a technique in which thoughts are presented as the mind experiences them.

16. READ PAGES 481-489 Create a chart for each part in the story. 1.Label each part 2.Summarize each part of story. 3.Identify the points of view in each part and provide 2 examples. Remember to provide the page number. If you need help with P.O.V. look at page 478 or your notes. 4.Choose a part of the story (I, II, or III) and create a visualization of the events. How do you envision the scene? What does it look like? How can you show the emotions in the scene?

17. APRIL 15, 2015 Quickwrite: N/A Right now: Finish reading An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge (481-489) silently to yourself. You will then complete a chart that I will show you. Daily Notes: N/A Essential Questions: How does a story change when told in different forms of media? What information can be lost or gained through various forms of media?

18. OWL CREEK VISUAL Choose a part in An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge to create a visual for. Make sure that your visual portrays the scene, as well as the mood/emotion in the story. Your visual MUST BE DETAILED You will then, on the back of your visual, explain why you chose the part that you did and how you decided to approach creating a visual for it. Consider:  What the text is describing.  What emotions and thoughts the characters may have had (if not explicitly stated in the text).

19. APRIL 16, 2015 Quickwrite: What do you believe are the main differences between Romanticism and Realism? What social and political issues may have influenced this sudden change in literature? Consider our American history. Daily Notes: N/A Essential Questions: What characteristics of realism can we see reflected in modern literature? What modern literature/media reflects realism values?

20. AN OCCURRENCE AT OWL CREEK BRIDGE TWILIGHT ZONE EPISODE 1.What were two major differences you noticed between the film and the written story? What sort of information is gained/lost in the Twilight episode of the story? 2.What changes did the Twilight Zone episode make in telling the story? In what ways did the episode show the different points of view? Give at least two specific examples and how it either enhanced or diminished your understanding of the story. 3.There was very little dialogue within the Twilight Episode—so how did the episode show us what Peyton Farquhar was being hanged for? Do believe this was an effective move? Why?

21. DIARIES & JOURNALS Diaries and journals are personal records of events, thoughts, feelings, and observations that have the following traits: They are written informally in a series of dated entries. They express the writers’ immediate responses to the events. They use the first-person pronouns I and we. They tell us about a writer’s beliefs, political leanings, values, and experiences in life. Many journals and diaries, especially during war times, can be especially powerful in shedding light on historical events.

22. READING QUESTIONS Class Readings: “Road Work” H-O / Pg. 495-499 Reading 1: Pgs. 500-501 Reading 2: Pgs. 502-503 Answer these questions based on the class and assigned reading. 1.Who is the narrator of your journal entry? 2.What is the narrator writing about? What did they experience? 3.How do they feel about this experience? How would you have felt if you were in their shoes?

23. APRIL 17, 2015 Quickwrite: Create a detailed account of someone doing something mundane. Describe the setting, every action, and every thought this person has as they complete the task. Daily Notes: “Naturalism” Essential Questions: What are some of the key differences between Realism and Naturalism? What are some of the similarities? What were the attitudes of Realist and Naturalist writers?

24. WHAT IS NATURALISM? Similar to Realism, naturalism depicts ordinary people in real life situations, but they took it a step further… Naturalism is a philosophy that believes forces far more powerful than any individual shaped human destinies. Things that influenced human destiny in Naturalism… 1.Indifferent Nature 2.Blind Fate 3.Heredity 4.Pure Chance Self-interest could not guarantee success or survival.

25. SOME NATURALIST THEMES Human endurance in the face of overwhelming natural forces. People are increasingly powerless against industrialization, mechanization, and anonymity. Heredity, environment, and social conditions determine people’s actions. Self-Reliance was an illusion. Being self-reliant did not guarantee success or fulfilled life.

26. REALISM FREEWRITE Create a piece of writing that has Realism qualities/characteristics. You may do this in any format you wish (news article, “blog” post, journal entry, narrative, etc.). You must write at least two pages. Remember—realism has REALISTIC events. You can write a fictional story, but it has to be possible. You can’t just bring a dragon into the school—you can, however, bring in a new student.

27. FEATHER CIRCLE Rules: 1.No speaking while someone is sharing. 2.No rude comments or interruptions. 3.Snap after each share.