1. Łukasz Kaczmarek, IP UAM, 2010-2011
Your health today – psychological perspectives on physical and mental well-being
Łukasz Kaczmarek, IP UAM,

2. Easy Polish
Choroba
[Hoe-rho-bah]
1. Illness, sickness
2. Damn!

3. Easy Polish
Zdrowie
[Z-draw-v-eh]
1. Health
2. Cheers!

4. Organization Interactive lecture: brief tasks, questions, doubts.
Attendance – 80%
Exam: test of knowledge – open-ended questions.
Literature:
A list of articles TBD

5. MODELS OF HEALTH: THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL
Biomedic model:
Darwin, The Origin of Species, 1856.
Body as a machine, part of the nature
Treatment:
fixing what is broken
removing foreign objects
Health = lack of disease
Patient is a passive receipient of the treatment
Ignores behavioral and psychological risk factors

6. MODELS OF HEALTH: THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL (Ogden, 2007)
What causes illness?
Diseases come from outside the body and cause physical changes
Internal involuntary physical changes
Who is responsible?
Individuals not responsible for their illness (victims)
How should illness be treated?
Changing physical state by vaccination, surgery, etc.
Who is responsible for treatment?
Medical professionalists

7. MODELS OF HEALTH: THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL (Ogden, 2007)
What is the relationship betwen health and illness?
Two different qualities (either healthy or ill)
What is the „mind-body” relationship?
Independence (mind-body split)
The role of psychology in health & illness?
Remeding consequences (e.g. depression)

8. Illness ideology & medicalization of everyday life (Maddox, 2005)
Premenstrual emotional change = premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Not wanting sex often enough = Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Not wanting sex at all = sexual aversion disorder
Failure to maintain „adequate erection… that causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty = male erectile disorder
Failure for women to attain or maintain „an adequate lubrication or swelling response of sexual excitement” + distress + interpersonal difficulty = sexual arousal disorder

9. MODELS OF HEALTH: HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY (Ogden, 2007)
What causes illness?
Multitude factors
Biopsychosocial model of health and illness
Who is responsible?
Individuals responsible for their health
How should illness be treated?
The whole person (biopsychosocial)
Who is responsible for treatment?
Patients share responsibility

10. Breaking mind-body split: Positive emotions and common cold (Cohen, et al., 2003)
Who? 354 healthy volunteers, age 18-54
Emotional style: 7 evening telephone interviews
Infection: subjects were given nasal drops containing rhinovirus
Observation: 6 days quarantine

12. A brief discussion
Consider the last time you were physically ill (e.g. flu, headache, cold, etc.).
Which factors other than biological ones may have contributed to your illness?

13. MODELS OF HEALTH: HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY (Ogden, 2007)
What is the relationship between health and illness?
Continuum
What is the „mind-body” relationship?
Holistic (whole-person) approach; separate but in interaction
The role of psychology in health & illness?
Identification of factors contributing to aetiology

14. HEALTH AS A POSITIVE STATE
Health – „A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease.” (World Health Organization, 1947)

15. The complete state model of mental health and illness (Keyes, Lopez, 2007)

16. Psychological well-being (Keyes, Lopez, 2007)
Self-acceptance „When I look at the story of my life, I am pleased with how things have turned out so far.”
Personal growth „For me, life has been a continuous process of learning, changing, and growth.”
Purpose in Life
„Some people wander aimlessly through life, but I am not one of them.”
Environmental Mastery
I am good at managing the responsibilities of daily life
Autonomy
I have confidence in my own opinions, even if they are different from the way most other people think.
Positive Relations With Others
People would describe me as a giving person, willing to share my time with others.

17. Social well-being (Keyes, Lopez, 2007)
Social Acceptance:
I believe people are kind
Social Actualization (ie. society is positive)
The world is becoming a better place for everyone.
Social Contribution
I have something valuable to give to the world.
Social Coherence
I find it easy to predict what will happen next in society.
Social Integration
My community is a source of comfort

18. Mandala of health
- human ecosystem
Heszen, Sęk, 2007

20. Health decision and consequences

21. 1723 km

22. 266 km

26. Industrial pollution: Carbon disulfide = higher blood pressure

30. BUT! BEWARE OF HEALTHISM
Preoccupation with your health (mostly physical) leading to distress, loss of autonomy, spontaneity and creativity.
WRONG: The sense of health as the main value

31. Easy Polish
Choroba
[Hoe-rho-bah]
1. Illness, sickness
2. Damn!

32. Easy Polish
Zdrowie
[Z-draw-v-eh]
1. Health
2. Cheers!