1. Unit 8: Climatic Interactions Part 2

2. Warm Up

3. Construct an Anemometer
What is this object?
Anemometer, instrument used to measure the wind
What purpose of an Anemometer?
Measure the wind speed
How does it work?
Multiply the circumference by the revolutions
Today you are going to make one!

4. Construct an Anemometer
Open Calculating Wind Speed
You will collect data during class and calculate your wind speed as homework

5. Warm Up

6. Atmospheric Movement and Fronts Lab
Open Atmospheric Movement and Fronts Lab

7. Low Pressure Demo
Stay in control!!!!!!!!

8. Low Pressure Demo Why is burning the paper necessary?
The burning paper heats the air and removes the oxygen. The paper will burn until the oxygen is used or the paper in consumed. The air then warms then cools as the fire go out. Because there is less air in the jar now, it exerts less pressure. When the temperature inside and outside of the bottle is the same, the air pressure outside the bottle pushes the balloon inside.
How does this demonstration relate to atmospheric patterns and weather?
If the temperature of the air changed, the pressure of the sir also changes. Heating a constant volume of air causes the pressure of the air to increase. If the air is cooled, the pressure decreases. This pattern is seen in high and low pressure areas, convection, and air masses.

9. Atmospheric Movement and Fronts Lab
Copy what is in Yellow

10. Atmospheric Movement and Local Weather

11. Let’s Review

12. Air Masses

13. Air Pressure

14. MoreDirect Sun Hot 0 o Equator 30 o S 60 o S 90 o S 30 o N 60 o N

15. Convection Currents

16. Global Convection Cells

17. Global Wind Patterns

18. The Coriolis Effect

19. Jet Stream

20. Forms high in the upper Troposphere between two air masses of different temperatures
Higher temperature difference = faster speed
Due to the Coriolis Effect, it flows around air masses.
Polar Jet:
It dips southward when frigid polar air masses move south.
It tends to stay north in the summer months
Jet Stream

21.
Jet Stream Animation

22. Abnormally high surface ocean temperatures off the coast of South America
Causes unusual weather patterns across the globe
El Nino

23. Gulf Stream A strong surface current Begins at the tip of Florida
Flows up the eastern coastline of the
U.S.
Crosses the Atlantic Ocean
Causes warmer climate in NW Europe
Gulf Stream

24. Variables Affecting Local Weather

25. When convection and winds cause air masses to move, they bump into one another.
The area where two air masses meet is called a front.
Most severe weather occurs near frontal boundaries.
Fronts

26. Cold Front - Cold air meets warm air - Fast moving and stormy, severe weather is likely

27. Draw this
Cold Front Symbol

28. Warm Front - Warm air meets cold air - Slow moving with less severe weather

29. Draw this
Warm Front Symbol

30. Stationary Front: Warm and cool air masses that are not strong enough to move one another
Sits still for a long period of time
Stationary Front

31. Stationary Front Symbol
Draw This
Stationary Front Symbol

32. Friction

33. Frontal Boundary Simulations
Frontal Boundary Simulations

34. High and Low Pressure Circulation

35. Air pressure is measured with a barometer in millibars.
Millibars are represented by connected lines of equal pressure. This is a lot like the topographic map lines.
The closer together the lines are, the faster the wind speed.
The farther apart the lines are, the slower the wind speed.
Air Pressure and Wind

36. The Earth’s Insulator The Sun heats the water and land every day.
Land heats up rapidly, but cools off rapidly.
Desert
Water heats up slowly, but cools off slowly.
Swimming at night
The heat retained by the oceans is what keeps our planet insulated.
The Earth’s Insulator

37. The heating and cooling of water and land produces land breezes and sea breezes.
High pressure moves toward low pressure, pushing the warm air upward.
As warm air rises, cooler air moves in and replaces it.
Land and Sea Breezes

38. Land Breeze

39. Sea Breeze

40. Sea Breeze and Land Breeze Simulation
Sea Breeze and Land Breeze Simulation

41. Atmospheric Movement and Fronts
Using the notes we just took answer theses questions in one complete sentence, at the bottom of your page
Why does the Earth have wind and ocean currents?
How do global patterns of atmospheric movement affect local weather?

42. Investigating Fronts Lab
Follow Directions
Complete Handout and Turn In

43. Warm Up

44. Weather Symbol Card Sort
With your shoulder partner, sort the cards into 6 groups of 3

45. Open Weather Maps

46. Weather maps are used to show current weather conditions in an effort to predict future weather conditions.
You need to know what each symbol means and how to interpret them to forecast the weather.
Weather Maps

47. Cold Front Symbol

48. Moves in the Direction of the Triangles
Cold, dense air is moving toward warm, less dense air.
The warm air is pushed up to cool and form clouds as the cooler air replaces it.
The air on the front side of the boundary line is warmer than the air on the back side of the boundary line.
Cold Fronts are usually fast moving and bring stormy weather and heavy precipitation followed by clearing skies and higher pressure.
Moves in the Direction of the Triangles

49. Warm Front Symbol

50. Moves in the Direction of the Semi-Circles
Warm air is moving toward cold air.
The warm, less dense air slides over the cold, more dense air.
The air on the front side of the boundary line is cooler than the air on the back side of the boundary line.
Warm Fronts usually move slowly and bring steady rain or snow over many days.
Moves in the Direction of the Semi-Circles

51. Stationary Front Symbol

52. These fronts occur when neither the cool or warm air masses are strong enough to replace each other.
Stationary Front tend to stay in an area for a long period of time, often bringing precipitation and clouds.
Stay in One Area

53. High Pressure

54. Moves toward Low Pressure
Cooler, dense air close to the surface of the Earth.
Surrounded by winds flowing in a clockwise direction.
High pressure Usually brings dry conditions and fair skies.
Moves toward Low Pressure

55. High Pressure Simulation
Let’s practice.
Remove the lid from the bottle.
Now, replace the lid.
What direction did you turn the lid to tighten it?
Did the lid move up or down?
This is a way to remember high pressure.
High Pressure Simulation

56. Low Pressure

57. High pressure will move toward low pressure.
Warmer, less dense air above the Earth’s surface
Surrounded by winds moving in a counterclockwise direction.
Low pressure Associated with the formation of storms.
High pressure will move toward low pressure.

58. Low Pressure Simulation
Let’s practice.
Remove the lid from the bottle.
What direction did you turn the lid to loosen it?
Did the lid move up or down?
This is a way to remember low pressure.
Low Pressure Simulation

59. High and Low Pressure Circulation

60. Pressure Force

61. Weather Maps
With your shoulder partner complete the handout using the laminated maps
Switch

62. Warm Up

63. Weather Maps Project Follow the directions Work with your group
Due at the end of class
Group Jobs
Researcher
Tracer
Key Person
Director

64. Warm Up

65. Warm Up Study your spiral Write “Test” on your warm up log
After the Test
STAY QUEIT
You may read, work on homework, or get on the computer
If we have time I will check your grades after the test