1. Cell Cycle Regulation & Cancer

2. Normal Cell Cycle Cyclins: proteins
CDKs (Cyclin dependent kinases): enzymes
Cyclins and CDKs bind together to activate parts of the cell cycle

3. Normal Cell Cycle G1 checkpoint G2 checkpoint M checkpoint
If something is
wrong, cycle
will STOP

4. ABNormal Cell Cycle CANCER: when cell cycle regulations fail
Crowd out normal cells
Spend less time in Interphase

5. ABNormal Cell Cycle Apoptosis:cell death( if damaged)
Cancer: no apoptosis

6. Tumor: MASS OF CANCER CELLS
TWO TYPES OF TUMORS
Benign: stays contained
Malignant: spread to nearby tissue or other organs

7. Why are Tumors bad? Angiogenesis: when tumors get a blood supply
nutrients and oxygen go to tumor

8. Why are Tumors bad?
Metastasis: pieces of tumor travel through blood to other organs

10. Causes of cancer
Gene Mutations: changes in genes that control cell cycle
What causes these mutations?

11. Cancer causes Carcinogens: cancer causing substances
EX: tobacco smoke, asbestos
Radiation
EX: UV light from sun, X-rays

12. Cancer causes Virus EX: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Hereditary
EX: breast
Sporadic (no reason)

13. Treatments Prevention!!!!!
Diet, exercise, healthy weight, no smoking, limit alcohol
Screenings
Catch it early!
Mammograms
Pap smear
Colonoscopy

14. Treatments Surgery Remove tumor and surrounding tissue Radiation
Directly kill tumor
Chemotherapy
Drug treatment

15. Incidence Rates:
Male
(From CDC)
Female

16. Death Rates:
Male
Female