1. The New Deal

2. Election of 1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democrat –Governor of New York Herbert Hoover – Republican –“Why not vote for Roosevelt and make it unanimous?” Roosevelt wins in a landslide; Democrats also capture Senate and House of Representatives

3. The New Deal Roosevelt’s plan for dealing with the Great Depression 3 general goals –Relief for the needy –Recovery of the economy –Reform of finances

4. The Hundred Days Roosevelt immediately takes action upon entering White House Congress passes more than 15 major pieces of legislation Expand government’s role in economy

5. Banks and Finance March 5, 1933 –Roosevelt closes all banks –Congress passes Emergency Banking Relief Act –Treasury Dep’t evaluates all banks –Those that were healthy could reopen –Those that weren’t could receive loans

6. Fireside Chats Roosevelt addresses nation over the radio Instills confidence Explains what the government is doing and why Encourages Americans to begin to use banks

7. Programs FDIC –Provided government insurance of bank accounts of $5,000 or less Federal Securities Act –Companies responsible for complete information with stock offerings SEC –Regulates stock market

8. AAA (#8) Agricultural Adjustment Act –Raise prices by lowering supply –Paid farmers not to plant food and to destroy livestock –Many protest destruction of food while many were hungry

9. Jobs CCC (#11) Civilian Conservation Corps –Hired men to do construction projects across the country –Buildings, parks, highways –Plant trees in the Dust Bowl area

10. FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Act) #3 –Direct relief for needy –States given money to provide food, clothing and shelter PWA (Public Works Administration) #1 –Provided money to states to create jobs building schools and other buildings CWA (Civil Works Administration) #12 –Provided 4 million jobs

11. NIRA (National Industrial Recovery Act) #9 –Established fair practice for industries NRA (National Recovery Administration) #7 –Set prices to encourage fair competition –Established work standards such as working hours and banning child labor

12. TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) #4 –Focused on poverty stricken region –Provided jobs renovating and constructing dams HOLC (Home Owners Loan Corporation) #6 –Provided government loans to those facing foreclosure

13. Election of 1936 Roosevelt beats Alfred Landon 523 electoral votes to 8 Democrats strengthen control of Congress

14. Second Hundred Days Democrats feel given a mandate by voters to continue reforms

15. WPA (Works Progress Admin) #10 –Create jobs as quickly as possible –Built airports –Road construction –Libraries, schools, and hospitals –Made clothes for the needy –Employed professionals to write guides to cities, collect slave narratives, paint murals and other projects

16. NYA (National Youth Administration) #2 –Provides part-time jobs for high school and college students National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) #5 –Federal gov’t supported right of workers to join unions and collectively bargain –Listed unfair practices that companies could not use

20. National Labor Relations Board # –Hear testimony of unfair practices Fair Labor Standards Act –Set maximum hours and minimum wages –Set maximum hour workweek

21. Social Security #13 Created by Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins (first female cabinet member) –Old age insurance for retirees of 65 or older –Unemployment compensation –Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled

22. Critics

23. Supreme Court Declared NIRA and AAA unconstitutional Roosevelt tries to pass court reform bill to allow for 6 more Supreme Court judges –Court packing bill –Rejected Courts decisions start to shift in favor of New Deal

24. American Liberty League Wealthy business leaders New Deal violated respect for rights of individuals and property Roosevelt trying to establish dictatorship

25. Father Charles Coughlin Roman Catholic priest from Detroit Favored guaranteed annual income and nationalization of banks Broadcast weekly radio program Lost support because of Anti-Semitic statements

26. Dr. Francis Townsend Roosevelt not doing enough to support poor and elderly Stronger guaranteed pension plan

27. Huey Long Senator from Louisiana New Deal not doing enough Share Our Wealth program –“Every Man a King”

28. Impacts of New Deal Some argue went too far; others say not far enough Expanded power of federal government Government went into debt to provide programs Government protects workers Restored confidence in banks