1. INNOVATIVE LEARNING SERVICES IN WEB, INTERACTIVE TV AND MOBILE APPLICATIONS Radoslav Pavlov, Desislava Paneva Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences radko@cc.bas.bg, dessi@cc.bas.bg

2. Presentation overview New models, technologies and applications for just-in-time learning and knowledge-on-demand applications Generic issues for innovative learning services of web, interactive TV and mobile application for ubiquitous learning New standards and abstract architectural models for integrated web, interactive TV and mobile applications Access-on-demand to digital libraries for ubiquitous learning Grid technologies and services for learning environments. Learning grids Implementation of eLearning services Recommendations and scenarios for the future ubiquitous learning

3. New models, technologies and applications for just-in-time learning and knowledge-on-demand applications New methods and styles of learning: fast, just-in-time, relevant and on- demand, are dictated by incredible velocity and volatility of today's markets. They are Semantic web, iTV and wireless and mobile technologies. The Semantic web could be treated as a very suitable platform for implementing an eLearning system. It provides all means for: eLearning ontology development, Ontology-based annotation of learning materials, Composition of learning materials in customized learning courses (fast and just-in-time) (Pro)active on-demand delivery of the learning materials to the user (according to her/his profile and business needs) through eLearning portals, etc.

4. New models, technologies and applications for just-in-time learning and knowledge-on-demand applications iTV technologies have the potential to facilitate new methods of providing learning experience to the home and the workplace with a just-in- time/customized/on-demand process of learning. iTV services: – Flexible navigation – Video-on-demand – Enhanced television – Interactive program guides – E-mail and Internet – 3D works & Multimedia program/channel descriptions – Search functionalities – Personalization and interaction, etc.

5. New models, technologies and applications for just-in-time learning and knowledge-on-demand applications Wireless and mobile technologies Contemporary mobile devices can be useful in learning for several reasons. They can provide: –modular content –wireless access –automated delivery –convenience –performance –information on-demand –user-centred software design and personalization –high portability –acceptable durability and network capability –more cost effective way to learning, etc.

6. Generic issues for innovative learning services of web, interactive TV and mobile application for ubiquitous learning Knowledge-on-demand learning services Services for creation educational resources that are learning standards- based and interoperable and can be delivered by different communication spaces Personalisation service –Query rewriting service –Recommendation service –Link generation service  Advanced (semantic-based) services for the discovery and sharing of suitable learning resources. These services will facilitate a syndicated and personalised access to the resources.

7. Generic issues for innovative learning services of web, interactive TV and mobile application for ubiquitous learning (Cont.) Services for accessing knowledge and realizing context aware and location-based learning in a mobile environment (for example via collaborative spaces). Syndication learning services Event and change notification learning services Learning content update and presentation services Learning repository services Educational service mediators

8. New standards and abstract architectural models for integrated web, interactive TV and mobile applications DVB-MHP (Digital Video Broadcasting - Multimedia Home Platform) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Wi-Fi (802.11) Infrared Data Association (IrDA) Bluetooth Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA)

9. Access-on-demand to digital libraries for ubiquitous learning Digital libraries (DL) are organised collections of digital content made available to the public, offering services and infrastructure to support preservation and presentation of visual and knowledge objects anytime and anywhere. The main characteristics of digital libraries that have direct relations to ubiquitous learning process: Accessibility from anywhere, at any time, ability to share information Access to the knowledge on-demand Advanced services for searching, selecting, grouping and presenting digital information, extracted from a number of locations, easy information update, etc. Just-in-time methods for supporting knowledge

10. Access-on-demand to digital libraries for ubiquitous learning (Cont.) Provision of more efficient and more flexible tools for transforming digital content to suit the needs of end-users (Personalization and adaptation) Sustaining of resources New forms and formats for information presentation Resource description Heterogeneous resources in a coherent way Flexible architectures that provide interoperability Contemporary methods and tools for digital information protection and preservation Effective user modelling tools, etc.

11. Access-on-demand to digital libraries for ubiquitous learning (Cont.) The project Knowledge-on-Demand for Ubiquitous Learning (LOGOS) contributes to: The openness for ubiquitous learning of the large-scale repositories of digitised text, graphics, audio, video objects and the process of their transformation into learning content, adequately enhancing and facilitating the knowledge building. New functionality of the learning communication spaces by integrated Web, digital TV, and mobile technologies, supporting cross-media learning content. New eLearning management systems based on this integration with new consistent pedagogical scenarios.

12. Grid technologies and services for learning environments. Learning grids Grid is a new technology for flexible, secure and coordinated sharing of distributed heterogeneous resources and data. Learning grids are learning environments built on Open Grid Services Architecture-compliant software. They provide a variety of innovative services for transformation of information into knowledge, distributed services such as simulation environments, real-world input, 3D visualisation systems and digital libraries, in the framework of a virtual organization. These on-demand services are accessible to the users to satisfy their real learning needs. ELeGI (European Learning Grid Infrastructure) - EU-funded Integrated Project that aims at facilitating the emergence of a European Grid infrastructure for eLearning and stimulating research of technologies to enhance and promote effective human learning.

13. Implementation of eLearning services Best practices: ELENA project SeLeNe project (Self e-Learning Network) MOBILearn Project MUSIS project (MUlticast Services and Information in Sweden)

14. Recommendations and scenarios for the future ubiquitous learning Development and implementation of knowledge-on-demand ubiquitous learning platforms, integrating learning resources and communication spaces through knowledge-on-demand learning services. Development of new educational and organisational models for integration of web-based, DVB-based and mobile devices delivery of learning materials that focus not on the channel alternativeness, but on their integration and mutual complementarity. Development of new standards and abstract architectural models for these integrated communication spaces.

15. Recommendations and scenarios for the future ubiquitous learning Production of interactive audiovisual learning content that takes maximum advantage of the new capabilities of networked electronic media in order to integrate all citizens into Information and Knowledge Society. Realisation of more economical and more easily usable tools for content production. Realisation of a modern learning environment providing autonomous on- the-fly learning content adaptation, with no human intervention. Adapters should be capable of self-description and a pervasive support infrastructure should take the appropriate context-based adaptation decisions, without affecting the design and implementation of multimedia servers and client applications.

16. Recommendations and scenarios for the future ubiquitous learning (Cont.) Involvement and implementation of Semantic web technologies in the ubiquitous learning processes, i.e., development of models for eLearning semantics, ontologies, ontological metadata, advanced methods, tools and services for knowledge annotation and indexing, etc. Development of advanced automatic analysis and recognition tools and systems for audio visual learning content capable of generating highly semantic metadata in a very fast and reliable way. Target services include audiovisual delivery over fixed and mobile networks and all associated functionalities, personal content management, professional content management, etc. Development of new standards and models for learning metadata descriptions. Wider usage of large-scale repositories of digitised text, graphics, audio, video objects, viz. multimedia digital libraries, as a source of digital knowledge, etc.

17. Recommendations and scenarios for the future ubiquitous learning (Cont.) The new ubiquitous learning solutions will be driven by the following scenarios: Learning will be realised in different learning contexts, modelling learning process and learning materials by considering different ways and phases of cross-media authoring, access, delivery, study and assessments through different modes and levels of integrated communication spaces. Personal environments will be populated by personal communication and computing devices, accessories, wearables, implants. eLearning services will be adapted to the user’s individual situation, location and preferences. Mobility and ubiquitous access will be a key challenge for in-field job training needs.

18. Recommendations and scenarios for the future ubiquitous learning (Cont.) Learning will demand a high bandwidth broadband. It will call for new high quality graphical environments. It will stimulate the introduction of new and innovative services in digital content and software. Business environments will benefit from eLearning solutions creating a competitive advantage for European business and will especially facilitate SME’s exploring new markets.