1. “ICE” Quotes

2. Taking notes: Think about the main message. Ask yourself, what do I need to know? Ask, what do I need to remember? Paraphrase what is written. Do not write word for word what is on each slide. Find ways to put the information into your own words.

3. Textual support Any information that you find in the story, article, poem, novel, etc. that supports your position on a topic.

4. Direct Quotations Definition: A direct quotation is a direct and exact restatement of someone else’s words. Direct quotations offer textual support to help strengthen your position on a topic. It gives evidence to support your position and it takes your reader to your exact thoughts. Any words in a story, article, text is someone else’s words!!!!

5. Plagiarism Plagiarism is taking someone else’s words (writing or other) and not giving them credit. When you quote something someone else wrote, you MUST give them credit.

6. How do I use textual support in my writing? A quotation must be set off with quotation marks. “ ”  These things! (Always a pair!) Do not take the words out of context or modify it. Use exact words. Remain true to the original intention of the writer. (Don’t change the meaning.) Quotes can be any words in the story that you want to use that are substantial and support your position. (Not just dialogue.)

7. What is an “ICE” Quote? –A way to use primary (ideas, facts, evidence, quotations, etc.) information and cite it. –Use it… When you quote an author directly When you use an author’s ideas or opinions When you report hard-to-find facts ***If you do not give the source credit it is plagiarism!*** (source = who said it!) What is plagiarism?

8. Why Do I Use a Direct Quotation? If the information is important and well- phrased If you can’t say it any better REMEMBER Use the exact words of the source Use quotation marks! Give credit!

9. Using Quotations Do not use a quotation as a separate sentence unto itself but incorporate it into the grammar, structure, and “flow” of your sentence (ICE your quote) Introduce quotations, do not just drop them into your essay EXPLAIN it!!! Explain why the quote supports your position.

10. How Do I Use it? Copy the following in your journal: I = Introduce C = Cite – (To quote or refer to…) E = Explain

11. To Introduce a quote… Don’t just throw a quote into your paragraph. Introduce it. Assume your reader has NOT read the selection. Don’t say “Here’s a quote that supports…” The quotation should flow into your writing naturally. Give background information about what is happening. This is like a preview of what’s to come.

12. Introducing a Quote Katniss is a character who is very brave. She thinks, “It’s a horrifying sensation being pinned against the wall as the bombs rain down.” This shows she is brave because she putting herself in danger. She shows bravery by risking her life to ensure the people of Panam can be free from the rule of President Snow.” EVAULATE: Is this a good introduction to the quote? Do you know where this is in the novel? Do you think this is from The Hunger Games?

13. Introducing a Quote Katniss is a character who is very brave. In Mockingjay she and members of the rebels attempt to storm the capital. This is a very risky plan as it can turn violent instantly. As she is approaching the capital building she thinks, “It’s a horrifying sensation being pinned against the wall as the bombs rain down.” This shows she is brave because she putting herself in danger. She shows bravery by risking her life to ensure the people of Panam can be free from the rule of President Snow.” EVAULATE: Is this a good introduction to the quote? How are they different?

14. To cite a quote… Use quotation marks around the quote used. (Remember, you need two!) Include the name of the author or the character speaking if appropriate. Avoid using “the character says…” Example: – Uchida describes young lord as, “arrogant and cruel.”

15. About using the author’s name… If you are analyzing one piece of work, then you only need to use the author’s name ONCE in the paragraph. It can be in the topic sentence. If you are analyzing more than one piece of work (two stories, for example) you need to use the author’s name each time you quote.

16. Words to Cite ____ argues _____ asserts _____ believes ____ agrees ____contends _____ denies _____recommends _____ claims that In _____ view _____ disagrees when he writes… ______ states that In her book ____, _____ maintains that

17. Page numbers When referring to print sources, you should use a page number at the end of your quote. When referring to electronic sources, you do not use a page number aat the end of your quote. The page number comes after your quote is finished and is set off in parenthesis. (p. #)

18. To Explain a quote… You will need to explain to your reader how the quote supports your position on the topic. Why does your quote prove you are right? It is your job to tell the reader how the quote supports your position.

19. Explaining a quote Relate the explanation back to your main idea. –This quote shows that Alfonso is unhappy with his self-esteem because he is actively trying to change the way he looks. Take it one step farther! –This quote shows that Alfonso is unhappy with his self-esteem because he is actively trying to change the way he looks. Readers can conclude that his low self esteem is a problem he faces throughout the story.

20. Ways to Explain Basically, ____ is saying In other words, _____ believes ______ is insisting that ______ points is that The essence of ______ argument is that

21. Example When describing the character Alfonso in “Broken Chain,” readers conclude that he has self-esteem issues. One example that shows Alfonso has low self-esteem is how he feels about his teeth. Soto writes, “He spent hours in front of the mirror trying to herd his teeth into place with his thumb.” In the story, Alfonso is worried that he is not good-looking, especially because of crooked teeth, which causes him to have low self-esteem. Black – Topic sentence Red – Introduce Blue – Cite Green - Explain

22. Example The protagonist in “The Landlady” is Billy Weaver. Readers can describe him as curious. In the story, Billy continues to try to remember the names from the guest book. Author Roald Dahl wrote, “He was still puzzling his head about the two names. He was positive now that he had seen them in the newspapers – in the headlines.” This quotation proves Billy is curious because he kept trying to determine where he had heard the names before. Throughout the remainder of the story, he would not give up on finding out where he had heard the names. Black – Topic sentence Red – Introduce Blue – Cite Green - Explain

23. Example In the story “The Landlady,” the protagonist, Billy Weave,r can be characterized as ignorant. Billy’s ignorance is shown when he first meets with the landlady and told the low price of the room. The author, Roald Dahl, writes “It was fantastically cheap. It was less than half of what he had been willing to pay.” Readers can infer that Billy is ignorant because the rent was so low, he should have realized something must have been suspicious about the situation. Black – Topic sentence Red – Introduce Blue – Cite Green - Explain

24. “Landlady” Assignment HONORS Write a three paragraph essay describing a character from the story. It must contain quotations from the story. –The first paragraph is an introduction and should contain your opinion of one of the characters and a brief description of the situation as a set up for the character. –The body paragraph should elaborate on the character. –The concluding paragraph should summarize how the characters trait contribute to the development of the plot or the outcome of the story. Remember to use at least two quotations to add support. Turn in on the front table when you’re done.