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Nomenclature Rules!.

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Presentation on theme: "Nomenclature Rules!."— Presentation transcript:

1 Nomenclature Rules!

2 One name for each substance, one substance for each (valid) name
Nomeclature One name for each substance, one substance for each (valid) name

3 If it is a… The nomenclature rules depend on what type of substance. There are several systems. Ionic compounds Covalent compounds Acids

4 If it is a… The nomenclature rules depend on what type of substance. There are several systems. Ionic compounds—begins with a metal Covalent compounds—no metals Acids—begins with H

5 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO BaCl2 Na2SO3 NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Name the ions

6 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 Na2SO3 NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Not “oxygen” Name the ions

7 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Not “dichloride” Name the ions

8 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 sodium sulfite NiBr3 Fe2(CrO4)3 Look it up! Name the ions

9 Now, wait a minute Two comounds of bromine and nickel are possible.
NiBr3 and NiBr2 You can’t call them both nickel bromide Transition element ions are written with a Roman numeral to show the charge.

10 Now, wait a minute NiBr3 and NiBr2
The (-) ion tells you the charge on the metal. 3 x -1=-3Nickel has a +3 charge 2 x -1=-2Nickel has a +2 charge

11 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 sodium sulfite NiBr3 nickel (III) bromide Fe2(CrO4)3 Name the ions

12 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. MgO magnesium oxide BaCl2 barium chloride Na2SO3 sodium sulfite NiBr3 nickel (III) bromide Fe2(CrO4)3 iron (III) chromate Name the ions

13 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. NaBr K2O (NH4)2CO3 FeS CrI3

14 Ionic compounds: Formula to name
Name (don’t count) the ions. NaBr sodium bromide K2O potassium oxide (NH4)2CO3 ammonium carbonate FeS iron (II) sulfide CrI3 chromium (III) iodide

15 Warnings Group metals (group 1 and 2 and aluminum) do not get a Roman numeral Count your charges to get the transition element charge. The Roman numeral is part of an ion’s name Watch out for Hg+2 vs Hg2+2, O-2 vs O2-2

16 Ionic compounds: Name to formula
Balance your charges Lithium chloride calcium bromide Aluminum sulfate cobalt (II) oxide nickel (III) nitrite

17 Ionic compounds: Name to formula
Balance your charges Lithium chloride LiCl calcium bromide CaBr2 Aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3 cobalt (II) oxide CoO nickel (III) nitrite Ni(NO2)3

18 Warnings Use () when you double or triple a polyatomic ion
Balance your charges

19 Prefixes (Back of your chart)
Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa- Hepta- 8. Octo- 9. Nona- 10. Deca- 11. Undeca- 12. Dodeca- 13. Trisdeca- … 20. Icosa-

20 PS—Hydrated salts Hydrated salts are written with • x H20
They are named with (prefix)hydrate For example: Cobalt (II) chloride dihydrate = CoCl2• 2H20

21 Covalent compounds: Formula to name
Name the atoms, in order, with prefixes (ends in –ide) N2S5 CCl4 P2O5 BF3

22 Covalent compounds: Formula to name
Name the atoms, in order, with prefixes (ends in –ide) N2S5 dinitrogen pentasulfide CCl4 carbon tetrachloride P2O5 diphosphorus pentoxide BF3 boron trifluoride

23 Warnings First element is named, second one ends in “–ide”
An “a” or “o” is dropped from the prefix before “–oxide” The “mono-” prefix is omitted on the first atom

24 Covalent compounds: Name to formula
Write the atoms, prefixes become subscripts nitrogen trichloride Arsenic trioxide Bromine monochloride Xenon tetrafluoride

25 Covalent compounds: Name to formula
Write the atoms, prefixes become subscripts nitrogen trichloride NCl3 Arsenic trioxide AsO3 Bromine monochloride BrCl Xenon tetrafluoride XeF4

26 Acids If the anion name then the acid name ends in… is…

27 Acids If the anion name then the acid name ends in…. is…
--ide Hydro___ic acid (hypo--) --ite Hypo___ous acid --ite ___ous acid --ate ___ic acid (per--) –ate Per ___ic acid

28 HClO is ___________acid
Acids Formula to name HI is _________acid HBrO4 is _________acid H2CO3 is _________acid H2SO3 is ________acid HClO is ___________acid

29 HClO is hypochlorous acid
Acids Formula to name HI is hydroiodic acid HBrO4 is perbromic acid H2CO3 is carbonic acid H2SO3 is sulfurous acid HClO is hypochlorous acid

30 Acids Name to formula ____is hydrocyanic acid ____ is periodic acid
_____ is phosphoric acid _____ is nitrous acid ____ is hypoiodous acid

31 HCN is hydrocyanic acid
Acids Name to formula HCN is hydrocyanic acid HIO4 is periodic acid H3PO4 is phosphoric acid HNO2 is nitrous acid HIO is hypoiodous acid

32 What is the name? K2S CrO3 CaSO4•2H2O Pb(C2H3O2)2 CuI2

33 What is the name? K2S Potassium sulfide CrO3 Chromium (VI) oxide
CaSO4•2H2O Calcium sulfate dihydrate Pb(C2H3O2)2 Lead (II) acetate CuI2 Copper (II) iodide

34 What is the formula? Gold (I) chloride Lithium oxide Iron (II) cyanide
Potassium chlorate Nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate

35 What is the formula? Gold (I) chloride AuCl Lithium oxide Li2O
Iron (II) cyanide Fe(CN)2 Potassium chlorate KClO3 Nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate Ni(NO3)2•6H2O

36 What is the name? N2O3 P4O6 Cl2O XeF2 BrF5

37 What is the name? N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide
P4O6 tetraphosphorus hexoxide Cl2O dichlorine monoxide XeF2 xenon difluoride BrF5 bromine pentafluoride

38 What is the formula? Phosphorus trihydride Dinitrogen monoxide
Bromine monochloride Xenon trioxide Iodine heptafluoride

39 What is the formula? Phosphorus trihydride PH3 Dinitrogen monoxide N2O
Bromine monochloride BrCl Xenon trioxide XeO3 Iodine heptafluoride IF7

40 What is the name? H3PO4 H2SO3 HClO3 H2CrO4 HCN

41 What is the name? H3PO4 phosphoric acid H2SO3 sulfurous acid
HClO3 chloric acid H2CrO4 chromic acid HCN hydrocyanic acid

42 What is the formula? Hypochlorous acid Hydrobromic acid Oxalic acid
Nitrous acid Perchloric acid

43 What is the formula? Hypochlorous acid HClO Hydrobromic acid HBr
Oxalic acid H2C2O4 Nitrous acid HNO2 Perchloric acid HClO4

44 It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Cu2S CuS

45 It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Cu2S CuS Do you get it?

46 Cu2S CuS It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Copper (I) sulfide
Copper (II) sulfide Do you get it?

47 Cu2S CuS It’s a puzzlement What is the name? Copper (I) sulfide
Copper (II) sulfide Do you get it?

48 What is the formula? Oxygen gas Calcium metal Solid phosphorus
Fluorine gas Argon gas

49 What is the formula? Oxygen gas O2 Calcium metal Ca(s)
Solid phosphorus P4 Fluorine gas F2 Argon gas Ar

50 What is the name? Mn(s) H2 I2 S8 Br2

51 What is the name? Mn(s) manganese metal H2 hydrogen gas
I2 solid iodine S8 solid sulfur Br2 liquid bromine

52 Name these compounds Common Name Chemical Formula
a. Sugar of lead Pb(C2H3O2) 2 b. Blue vitrol CuSO4 c. Epsom salts MgSO4•7H2O d. Milk of magnesia Mg(OH) 2 e. Gypsum CaSO4 f. Laughing gas N2O

53 Write the formula Sulfur difluoride Sulfur hexafluoride
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate Lithium nitride Chromium (III) carbonate Tin (II) fluoride Ammonium acetate Ammonium hydrogen sulfate Cobalt (III) nitrate Mercury (I) chloride Potassium chlorate Sodium hydride

54 What is the name? NaCl RbBr CsF AlI3 HI NO NF3 N2F4 N2Cl2 SiF4 H2Se HNO3 HNO2 H3PO4 H3PO3 NaHSO4 Ca(HSO3)2 Ru(NO3)3 V2O5

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