1. Classifying Life Log: Aug. 23rd 2010
Lesson 2
Classifying Life
Log: Aug. 23rd 2010
Read pg. 14 and Answer the 2 questions

2. Read and Answer questions Quiz on Wednesday Lesson 2
Classification
HOMEWORK
PG.14-17
Read and Answer questions
Quiz on Wednesday
Lesson 2

3. Log
How is a scientific name written? How many organism(s) does a scientific name identify?

4. Classifying Life Why Do Biologist Classify Organisms?
Lesson 2
Classifying Life
Why Do Biologist Classify Organisms?
What Are the Levels of Classification?
How Are Taxonomic Keys Useful?

5. Lesson 3 Classification
The process of grouping things based on their similarities
Taxonomy – the scientific study of how organisms are classified

6. Lesson 3
Classification
Why Classify?
Answering Questions The classification of living things makes it easier for biologist to study organisms answer many important questions such as:
1. How many known organism are there?
2. What are the defining characteristics of each organism?
3. What are the relationships between these organisms?

7. How do Scientists Classify Organisms?
Lesson 3
Classification
How do Scientists Classify Organisms?
Classification Today Taxonomists use the eight-level system to classify living things based on shared characteristics.

8. Levels of Classification
Lesson 3
Classification
Levels of Classification
Kingdoms and Beyond The eight levels of classification are:
1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus
8. Species
Try to come up with a saying to help you remember the order.

9. Lesson 3
Classification

10. Binomial nomenclature (two names)
Lesson 3
Classification
Binomial nomenclature (two names)
Carolus Linnaeus a Swedish botanist created the system
One Species, One Name A scientific name is always the same for a specific kind of organism no matter how many common names there might be.
Common Names
Mouse Mus musculus
Tiger Panthera tigris

11. Binomial nomenclature
Lesson 3
Classification
Binomial nomenclature
Two-Part Names
The first part of a organisms name is the genus name. It is always capitalized.
The second part of the name is the species name.
Both words are italics
Felis domesticus (house cat)
Questions
What genus is the house cat in?
What species?

12. A Growing System Lesson 3
Classification
A Growing System
Still Discoveries to Make People are still discovering and classifying organisms.
Discovery Unique Organisms Sometimes new organisms are found that are so different from other known organisms that new classes, phyla, and so on must be formed.

13. Dichotomous or Taxonomic Keys
Lesson 3
Classification
Dichotomous or Taxonomic Keys
What Is a Dichotomous Key? A dichotomous key is a tool for identifying organisms that uses a series of paired descriptive statements.
Two-Part Names By working through the statements in a dichotomous key in order, a person can eventually identify an unknown organism.

14. Lesson 3
Classification

15. Chapter 1
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
Objective
How are organisms classified into Domains and kingdoms?

16. Chapter 1
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
Objective
How are organisms classified into Domains and kingdoms?

17. Chapter 1
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
What Is It?
What Is Used to Classify Organisms? Organisms are classified by their characteristics.
Cell type
Ability to make food
Number of cells in organism
Adding New Classification Categories As scientists continue to learn about living things, they add classification categories that account for the characteristics of different organisms.

18. The Domain Archaea Chapter 1
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
The Domain Archaea
Archaea are one of two kinds of prokaryotes.
Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus.
Nucleus contains the cells nucleic acid (instructions for cells)
Most are known to live in extreme environments.
Greek prefix = ancient
* Yellowstone National Park, hot springs  900 C  hot conditions

19. The Domain Bacteria Chapter 1 Beneficial to humans:
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
The Domain Bacteria
Bacteria are another kind of prokaryote.
Can be found in
soil
water
Beneficial to humans:
Produce vitamin K in our intestines
Milk to yogurt
Milks to cheese
Harmful to humans:
Ear and sinus infections
Skin infections

20. The Domain Eukarya Chapter1
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
The Domain Eukarya
All organisms are eukaryotes (contain nucleus)
The Kingdoms
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals

21. Chapter1 The Kingdom Protista
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
The Kingdom Protista
Today members of the kingdom Protista commonly called protists,
Are single-celled or simple multicelluar organisms.
Heterotroph or autotrophs
Protista contains many kinds of organisms, including protozoans, algae, seaweed

22. Chapter 1 The Kingdom Fungi
Lesson 3 Domains and Kingdoms
The Kingdom Fungi
Molds and mushrooms are examples of the complex, multicelluar members of the kingdom Fungi.
Some are unicellular (yeast)
Fungi are Heterotrophs.
Fungi absorb nutrients from substances in their surroundings.

23. The Kingdom Plantae Chapter 1 Plantae consists of organisms that are
Lesson 1 Domains and Kingdoms
The Kingdom Plantae
Plantae consists of organisms that are
eukaryotic,
have cell walls,
Autotrophs: make food through photosynthesis.
Examples of Plantae Sequoia trees, roses, grasses, ferns, and more are all examples of members of the kingdom Plantae.

24. The Kingdom Animalia Chapter 9 Animals The kingdom Animalia contains
Section 2 Domains and Kingdoms
The Kingdom Animalia
Animals The kingdom Animalia contains
complex
multicellular organisms that don’t have cell walls
are usually able to move around
have specialized sense organs.
All are Heterotrophs
Examples of Animalia Ants, beetles, lizards, fish, birds, apes, elephants, and more are all examples of members of the kingdom Animalia.
Simple Animals Most animals are able to move, but sponges, a simple animal, cannot move.

25. Chapter 9
Classification
Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
kingdom
species
class
classification
family
scientific name
order
taxonomy
phylum

26. Chapter 9
Classification

27. Chapter 9
Classification

28. End of Chapter 9 Show

29. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
Reading
Read each of the passages. Then, answer the questions that follow each passage.

30. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
Passage 1 When organizing life on Earth into categories, we must remember that organisms are not equally distributed throughout the categories of our classification system. We often think of Earth’s living things as only the plants and animals that live on
Earth’s surface. However, the largest domains in terms of mass are the domains Archaea and Bacteria. And a common home of archaea and bacteria may be deep within the Earth’s crust.

31. Chapter 9 1. In the passage, what does distributed mean? A divided
Standardized Test Preparation
1. In the passage, what does distributed mean?
A divided
B important
C visible
D variable

32. Chapter 9 1. In the passage, what does distributed mean? A divided
Standardized Test Preparation
1. In the passage, what does distributed mean?
A divided
B important
C visible
D variable

33. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
2. According to the passage, what are most of the organisms living on Earth?
F plants
G animals
H fungi
I archaea and bacteria

34. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
2. According to the passage, what are most of the organisms living on Earth?
F plants
G animals
H fungi
I archaea and bacteria

35. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Which of the following statements is a fact according to the passage?
A All organisms are equally distributed over Earth’s surface.
B Plants are the most important organisms on Earth.
C Many bacteria may live deep within Earth’s crust.
D Archaea and bacteria are equally distributed over Earth’s surface.

36. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Which of the following statements is a fact according to the passage?
A All organisms are equally distributed over Earth’s surface.
B Plants are the most important organisms on Earth.
C Many bacteria may live deep within Earth’s crust.
D Archaea and bacteria are equally distributed over Earth’s surface.

37. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
Passage 2 When you think of an animal, what do you imagine? You may think of a dog, a cat, or a parrot. All of those organisms are animals. But the animal kingdom also includes some members that might surprise you, such as worms, insects, corals, and sponges.

38. Chapter 9 1. In the passage, what is coral? A a kind of animal
Standardized Test Preparation
1. In the passage, what is coral?
A a kind of animal
B a kind of insect
C a color similar to pink
D an organism found in lakes and streams

39. Chapter 9 1. In the passage, what is coral? A a kind of animal
Standardized Test Preparation
1. In the passage, what is coral?
A a kind of animal
B a kind of insect
C a color similar to pink
D an organism found in lakes and streams

40. Chapter 9 2. What can you infer from the passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
2. What can you infer from the passage?
F All members of the animal kingdom are visible.
G Parrots make good pets.
H Not all members of the animal kingdom have DNA.
I Members of the animal kingdom come in many shapes and sizes.

41. Chapter 9 2. What can you infer from the passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
2. What can you infer from the passage?
F All members of the animal kingdom are visible.
G Parrots make good pets.
H Not all members of the animal kingdom have DNA.
I Members of the animal kingdom come in many shapes and sizes.

42. Chapter 9 3. Which of the following can you infer from the passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Which of the following can you infer from the passage?
A Worms and corals make good pets.
B Corals and cats have some traits in common.
C All organisms are animals.
D Worms, corals, insects, and sponges are in the same family.

43. Chapter 9 3. Which of the following can you infer from the passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Which of the following can you infer from the passage?
A Worms and corals make good pets.
B Corals and cats have some traits in common.
C All organisms are animals.
D Worms, corals, insects, and sponges are in the same family.

44. Chapter 9 4. In the passage, what does members mean? F teammates
Standardized Test Preparation
4. In the passage, what does members mean?
F teammates
G limbs
H individuals admitted to a club
I components

45. Chapter 9 4. In the passage, what does members mean? F teammates
Standardized Test Preparation
4. In the passage, what does members mean?
F teammates
G limbs
H individuals admitted to a club
I components

46. Interpreting Graphics
Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
Interpreting Graphics
The Venn diagrams below show two classification systems. Use the diagrams to
answer the questions that follow.

47. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
1. For Classification system A, which of the following statements is true?
A All organisms in group 6 are in group 7.
B All organisms in group 5 are in group 4.
C All organisms in group 6 are in group 1.
D All organisms in group 2 are in group 1.

48. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
1. For Classification system A, which of the following statements is true?
A All organisms in group 6 are in group 7.
B All organisms in group 5 are in group 4.
C All organisms in group 6 are in group 1.
D All organisms in group 2 are in group 1.

49. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
2. For Classification system A, which of the following statements is true?
F All organisms in group 3 are in group 2.
G All organisms in group 3 are in group 4.
H All organisms in group 3 are in group 1.
I All organisms in group 3 are in every other group.

50. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
2. For Classification system A, which of the following statements is true?
F All organisms in group 3 are in group 2.
G All organisms in group 3 are in group 4.
H All organisms in group 3 are in group 1.
I All organisms in group 3 are in every other group.

51. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
3. For Classification system B, which of the following statements is true?
A All organisms in group 1 are in group 6.
B All organisms in group 6 are in group 1.
C All organisms in group 3 are in group 1.
D All organisms in group 2 are in group 5.

52. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
3. For Classification system B, which of the following statements is true?
A All organisms in group 1 are in group 6.
B All organisms in group 6 are in group 1.
C All organisms in group 3 are in group 1.
D All organisms in group 2 are in group 5.

53. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
4. For Classification system B, which of the following statements is true?
F All organisms in group 4 are in group 1, 2, and 5.
G All organisms in group 4 are in groups 3 and 5.
H All organisms in group 4 are in groups 5 and 6.
I All organisms in group 4 are in groups 1, 5, and 6.

54. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
4. For Classification system B, which of the following statements is true?
F All organisms in group 4 are in group 1, 2, and 5.
G All organisms in group 4 are in groups 3 and 5.
H All organisms in group 4 are in groups 5 and 6.
I All organisms in group 4 are in groups 1, 5, and 6.

55. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
5. In Classification system B, which group contains organisms that are not in group 1?
A 2
B 4
C 5
D 6

56. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
5. In Classification system B, which group contains organisms that are not in group 1?
A 2
B 4
C 5
D 6

57. Chapter 9 Math Read each question, and choose the best answer.
Standardized Test Preparation
Math
Read each question, and choose the best answer.

58. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Scientists estimate that millions of species have not yet been discovered and classified. About 1.8 million species have been discovered and classified. If scientists think that this 1.8 million makes up only 10% of the total number of species on Earth, how many species do scientists think exist on Earth?
A 180 million
B 18 million
C 1.8 million
D 180,000

59. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Scientists estimate that millions of species have not yet been discovered and classified. About 1.8 million species have been discovered and classified. If scientists think that this 1.8 million makes up only 10% of the total number of species on Earth, how many species do scientists think exist on Earth?
A 180 million
B 18 million
C 1.8 million
D 180,000

60. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
2. Sequoia trees can grow to more than 90 m in height. There are 3.28 feet in 1 meter. How many feet are in 90 m?
F 27.4 ft
G 95.2 ft
H 270 ft
I ft

61. Chapter 9
Standardized Test Preparation
2. Sequoia trees can grow to more than 90 m in height. There are 3.28 feet in 1 meter. How many feet are in 90 m?
F 27.4 ft
G 95.2 ft
H 270 ft
I ft