1. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 0 Wireless Mesh Network The New Era of WLAN Madan Jagernauth Director, Business And Technology Strategy Wireless Mesh Network Vendor Soup 15 February 2005

2. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 1 Agenda >Introduction of Wireless Mesh Network concept >Wireless Mesh Network deployment models >Introduction to Nortel Networks Wireless Mesh Network solution Including some technical details (radio technology, community area networks, mobility, and security) >Sample of current deployments >Conclusion of Wireless Mesh Networks Discussion >A view of WiMAX and how WiMAX and Wireless Mesh Networks could work together

3. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 2 Traditional WLAN >APs connected in star topology >Each AP is connected directly to the wired network >In public deployments, backhaul using leased narrowband (E1/T1, DSL) links Advantages >Does not require separate power source >Inexpensive and simple to deploy Challenges >Deployment limited by Ethernet cable length (max 100m) >In public, capacity limited by narrowband backhaul (E1/T1, DSL) AP Hub Wired Network

4. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 3 Wireless Mesh Network >Wireless Access Points connected in peer- to-peer topology >Backhaul using wireless broadband links >A few Network Access Points connected to broadband network at convenient locations Advantages >Backhaul via broadband wireless links Does not require any cabling to APs Simplifies network design / deployment, reduces ongoing OPEX >Employs wireless peer-to-peer devices for efficient routing, fault recovery Challenges >Requires AC power at the AP Broadband Network

5. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 4 Flexible Deployment Models Enterprises – Retail/Public Areas Airports Convention Centres/Sporting Venues Hotels Shopping Malls Temporary installations for special events and disaster recovery Extending the reach of WLAN in areas which do not cost-effectively support a wired LAN Network Operators Wireline/Fixed/Cable TV/ISPs/Wireless Disjoint hotspots link hotspots together, concentrate wired backhaul Ubiquitous Coverage “Last mile” – deliver high speed broadband to homes and offices Augment existing broadband service or bypass incumbent carriers Enterprises Network Operators Communities/ Cities Wireless Mesh Networks Cities / Communities Government/Homeland Security/Army/Municipalities/Public Works Private use by its out-of-office employees Fire, Police, Ambulance Public use by its citizens and visitors in federal or provincial government Public parks, tourist areas Enterprises – Private Verticals Education: Universities or College Campuses/Schools Healthcare: Hospitals Manufacturing: Factory floors, loading docks, inventory storage buildings

6. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 5 Wireless Mesh Network Innovative WLAN Access Solution >Wireless AP 7220 Indoor/outdoor Access Point 802.11b/g access link 802.11a transit link with smart antennas Self-configuring, self-healing mesh formation Mobility client proxy for seamless subscriber mobility within the Community Area Network >Wireless Gateway 7250 Enterprise class router Advertises reachability (within Enterprise/ISP Distribution Network) for WLAN Community Area Network subscribers Provides WLAN CAN-specific mobility anchor point Provides data security for the mesh transit link >Network Management APs and Gateway support SNMP network management interfaces Currently integrated with Nortel’s Optivity NMS: Centralized facility for monitoring and managing network operations, leveraging a field proven end-to-end network mgmt solution Discovery & visualization of WG 7250 & AP 7220 Fault management – traps, faults, system log Real-time performance metrics – utilization, errors, interface metrics Enterprise / ISP / Metro Distribution Network Wireless Gateway Community Area Network Wireless AP 7220 Wireless Gateway Enterprise / ISP Backbone Network Layer 3 Router Layer 3 Router Border Gateway (NAT, Firewall, etc.) Internet at large Optivity NMS AAA, DHCP, RADIUS NOSS Wireless AP 7220

7. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 6 Wireless Access Point 7220 >Performs traffic collection & distribution functions for traffic within the Community Area Network (CAN) >Incorporates routing and wireless transit functions >Incorporates security functions for validating connections to other Wireless APs >Incorporates security functions for controlling access by user devices >Incorporates low-cost advanced antenna designs for extended reach, simplified deployment, and reliability >Small size (10” tall x 7.5” diameter) for flexible placement >Uses 802.11a with proprietary extensions for inter-AP transmissions (Transit Link) >Uses 802.11b/g for user access (Access Link) Layer 3 Router

8. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 7 Radio Networking Technology Transit Link (TL) @ 5 GHz Elevated dual-polar antennas with switched- beams. Uses 802.11a technology. Existing utility pole or wall offering elevated mounting position Access Link (AL) @ 2.4 GHz Elevated, dual-polar, diversity switched antennas. Uses 802.11b/g technology. Wireless AP 7220 MN Coverage of the Access Link (AL) from the Wireless AP Mobile Client Access and Transit links separated in space and frequency

9. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 8 Wireless Gateway 7250 >Advertises reachability (within Enterprise/ISP Distribution Network) for WLAN CAN subscribers >Hides WLAN CAN-specific mobility and security functions from the rest of the Enterprise/ISP Distribution and Backbone Networks >Provides data security for the mesh transit link >Typically supports about 50 AP 7220 Wireless Gateway 7250 Wireless Gateway 7250 Layer 3 Router Layer 3 Router

10. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 9 Network Operation Support System >Centralized facility for monitoring and managing network operations and leverages a field proven end-to-end network management solution Interface to distributed elements through industry- standard protocols (e.g. DHCP, FTP, SNMP, SNTP, RADIUS) Discovery and visualization of Wireless AP 7220 and WG7250 Fault management traps, faults, syslog Real-time performance metrics utilization, errors interface metrics Optivity NMS as portal launch other Nortel element managers >Leverages off-the-shelf industry standard elements for the DHCP, FTP and RADIUS servers Enables customers to future proof their infrastructure investment with integration to their existing back office >Proper authentication and authorization of users through NOSS ensures no theft of service or revenue losses by the service provider or enterprise >Minimize configuration required to enable fast, easy and cost-effective deployment and installation Optivity NMS NOSS FTP, RADIUS, DHCP, SNTP Enterprise / ISP/ Metro Distribution Network Wireless Gateway 7250 Community Area Network Wireless AP 7220 Wireless Gateway 7250 Enterprise / ISP BackboneNetwork Layer 3 Switch Layer 3 Switch Border Gateway (NAT, Firewall, etc.) Internet at large Optivity NMS AAA, DHCP, RADIUS NOSS Enterprise / ISP/ Metro Distribution Network Wireless Gateway 7250 Community Area Network Wireless AP 7220 Wireless Gateway 7250 Enterprise / ISP BackboneNetwork Layer 3 Router Layer 3 Router Border Gateway (NAT, Firewall, etc.) Internet at large Optivity NMS FTP, RADIUS DHCP, SNTP NOSS

11. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 10 Neighbour Auto- Discovery Techniques Community Area Network Topology Wireless transit link Arbitrary topology of wireless access and routing points Wireless access links Network Access Point NAP Router AP Mobile Node AP Network Access Point NAP Router AP Wired transit link

12. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 11 Community Area Network Topology Network Access Point NAP Router AP Mobile Node AP Network Access Point NAP Router AP Forwarding Path Auto- Discovery Adaptive Routing Algorithms

13. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 12 Community Area Network Topology Network Access Point NAP Router AP Mobile Node AP Network Access Point NAP Router AP Adaptive Routing Algorithms Automatic Rerouting Link or Node Failure

14. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 13 Mobility Network Architecture Between Internet at Large and WG 7250 Standard IPv4 addressing and routing Between WG 7250 and AP 7220 Wide-Area Mobility solution based on Mobile IPv4 concepts Enterprise / ISP / Metro Distribution Network Community Area Network Enterprise / ISP Backbone Network Layer 3 Router Border Gateway (NAT, Firewall, etc.) Internet at large NW Mgmt Wireless Mobile Node (End User) Transit Link Access Link AAA, DHCP, RADIUS Wireless Access Point 7220 Wireless Gateway 7250 Optivity Network Management System Between AP 7220 and Wireless Mobile Node 802.11 mobility

15. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 14 IPsec Encrypted Tunnel Authenticated WPA* EAP Authentication** NOSS NAP-R Mobile Node WPA* TKIP, AES Encryption WPA* - 802.1X/EAPOL RADIUS with EAP Extensions WPA* - TKIP, AES User Data *Industry standard WiFi Protected Access, evolving to 802.11i **TLS, TTLS, PEAP AP 7220 Subscriber Authentication Subscriber Traffic RADIUS Accounting Wireless Gateway 7250 Security – Subscriber Level Delivering multiple layers of security enables secure, “anytime, anywhere” access Trusted Network Un-trusted Network

16. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 15 Authenticated for SNMP v3 only (after 1 st release) Authenticated per packet 128 bit Encryption EAP Authentication NOSS NAP-R 802.1X/EAPOL RADIUS with EAP Extensions Mobility Management Link Signaling SNMP AP 7220AP 7200 IPsec Encrypted Tunnel AP Discovery and Authentication Signaling Traffic Network Mgmt Traffic Signaling Traffic Wireless Gateway 7250 Security – Network Level Delivering multiple layers of security enables secure, “anytime, anywhere” access Trusted Network Un-trusted Network

17. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 16 >University of Arkansas 130 Buildings, 345 Acres in Ozark Mountains 17K Students, 5K Faculty >Broadband capability 2x 50 Mbps Internet WAN links Gigabit Ethernet campus core network 10/100 switched Ethernet to most desktops 10/100 switched "per pillow" residence hall network Wireless "Hotspots"; general use, public safety, parking tickets Wireless bridging for satellite offices WMN Solution addresses key concerns such as: scalability reaching outdoor areas where wired infrastructure would not be feasible trees and buildings creating radio "shadow" areas ad hoc 802.11b/g SOHO access points - channel interference bandwidth saturation network management >Why Outdoors? Attractive outdoor seating areas Relatively mild weather Outdoor areas conducive to gatherings (ARKU Mall, Fulbright Peace Fountain, Old Main lawn) Supplement Public Safety, Facilities Management work orders, parking ticket, book store end of term book buy-back Future for Wi-Fi IP Phones > Press Release http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004d/1 0_19_04_univ_of_arkansas.html http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004d/1 0_19_04_univ_of_arkansas.html Live WMN Deployments – University of Arkansas

18. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 17 Edith Cowan University First Wireless Mesh Network in Australia >Australia's first wireless mesh network Using wireless mesh and local area network (LAN) solutions from Nortel Plans to deploy before the end of 2004 >Edith Cowan University Almost 23,000 students including 3,000 international enrollments Second-largest university in Western Australia. Metropolitan campuses in Churchlands, Mount Lawley and Joondalup and a regional campus in Bunbury >Delivering innovative Broadband capability Providing staff and students seamless wireless access to University applications and resources Extended reach: Provide coverage both inside and outside the campus buildings, Scalability: Nortel’s Wireless Mesh Network solution enables Edith Cowan University to meet current and future bandwidth demands Flexibility: Nortel’s Wireless Mesh Networks solution enables Edith Cowan to accommodate future technology such as converged voice, video and data communications. Also, due to the University's geographical spread, it had to be hardy enough to service both metropolitan and rural environments. >Future applications Plans to trial Nortel’s Multimedia Communications Server (MCS) 5100 in the next 12 months with a view to enabling converged multimedia (voice, video and data streaming) services over the wireless mesh network. >Press Release http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleas es/2004d/10_19_04_univ_of_arkansas.html http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleas es/2004d/10_19_04_univ_of_arkansas.html Significant potential cost savings “We've determined that up to 70 per cent of mobile calls are from a campus base station to a campus phone," said Jeff Murray, IT manager, Edith Cowan University. "Future capabilities of the wireless mesh network can make this service available to all students and staff and can save AU$300,000, which means the new network will basically pay for itself."

19. NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 18 Public WMN Trial Site: National Taiwan University and its Surrounding Business Area CAN3_AP2 CAN3_AP1 CAN3_NAP CAN1_NAP CAN2_AP1 CAN1_AP1 CAN1_AP2 CAN3_AP3  Innovative Wireless Mesh Network Solution for Public WLAN: Providing campus-wide indoor and outdoor coverage to NTU’s professors, students, and staff as benchmark, leading-edge wireless mesh deployment in Taiwan  Partner with Taiwan local companies for network build-out: Using range extender solutions to provide WMN relay to enhance outdoor to indoor coverage  Nortel Networks first Wireless Mesh Network deployment in Asia  Includes a comprehensive network solution: Up to 17 Wireless AP 7220s, 1 Passport 1424 (NAP-R), 1 Optivity NMS Software, Wireless Gateway 7250, 2220/2221 WLAN Mobile Adapters  Support for multimedia applications (web browsing, video streaming, e-mail)  Demo of advanced applications (Wi-Fi voice over IP, seamless hand-over while driving at speeds of 50 kilometers per hour, surveillance video using web cam)*  Press Release: http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004c/08_05_04_national_taiwan_university.html http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004c/08_05_04_national_taiwan_university.html *Initial Testing done on pre-GA Release 1.0 software load

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