1. F.6 Map

2. What are the major elements of a map?
Scale
Conventional signs
Grid reference
Title

3. Scale
Scale 1:20,000
1cm = 20,000cm = 200m = 0.2km
1:20,000
10 cm
5 cm

4. Grid reference 27 28 29 12 13 14
Grid square 1328
Grid reference

5. What does a map tell us?
location
land use
relief
communication
drainage
vegetation

7. Favourable conditions
contour
Swamp Fluvial sand
Motorway, railway
Coastal location
Flat land,
space for expansion
Cheap land formed naturally
Good transport
Facilitates import and export

8. Environmental problems
Oil refinery(710950)
Accidental oilspill, leakage
Affect wildlife of the neighbouring area
Extension sedimentation found along the lower course of the R. Neath ( ) and the shore
Imply low water energy

9. Cannot flush away pollutant coming from the factories
Industrial areas are found quite near to other urban uses
e.g. NW of Port Tabort
e.g. the steel works to the west of Margam
Cause air and noise pollution

10. Industrial development impair the recreational activities
e.g. golf course at
beach along the coastal sand
Air pollutants concentrate in the constricted Neath River Valley
Onshore winds pass over industrial area enter Neath River Valley

11. Intra-urban location 1:2,000,000 D B A C C.B.D. river City boundary
Harbour
C.B.D.
river
City boundary
Railway
1:2,000,000 A B C D

12. Group A : Locate near to C.B.D.
they have strong linkages with central business
e.g. Printing, office machines
market is the whole of the city and its immediate hinterland. e.g. newspaper
They usually occupy small area therefore they can bear the high unit rent
Inertia is also one of the reason of location

13. Group B : Water-front location
Port facilities related e.g. ship repairing
Easy import and export by water transport
Involve heavy and bulky raw materials and products e.g. oil refinery
raw materials brought from other regions or overseas are needed
Heavy industries
Cheap coastal lowland
Industrial inertia

14. Group D : e.g. cement, food processing
Locate on the urban fringe or suburb
there is much space
and the rent and rates are lower
Industries which involve long production line are space consuming
newly developed industrial estates or industrial park
Offensive industries / pollution
Relocated from inner urban
e.g. cement, food processing

15. Group C :
Random location
Footloose industries
No strong location pull

17. Creating Flatland grid square 1326 – reclaim land from sea
because the site is shallow water and sheltered
Grid square leveling of the round top hill
because it is lower in height and easier to be removed,
and the rocks / debris can be easily transported to the bay for reclamation

18. Impact on physical environment
Destruction of woodland and the scenic spot on the round top hill
Destruction of the beach
Reclamation of the bay and cutting down of the round top hill
Create a lot of dust
Polluting the sea water and the river
Generating harmful effect on the zone of marine fish culture
Generating a lot of noise

19. Impact on socio-economic environment
No more holiday makers come here
The services relating to visitors would be seriously affected
The local residents would be forced to change their jobs and move houses
The income from marine fish culture would be seriously affected
The village would be demolished

20. Proposed industrial estate
grid square 1326 and 1426
southwest is the prevailing wind, the site is on the downwind side
the strong offshore current could help to drain away the industrial waste from the factories to the open sea

21. Support development appreciation of land value more job opportunities
a better living standard in the future
improving communication network with the city centre
better facilities and infrastructure

22. Against development the natural environment would be destroyed
the existing business concerning holiday makers and marine fish culture would be the seriously affected
the environment familiar to the local inhabitants would be changed
the lifestyle would also be changed
the village would be demolished