1. Food Review

2. Integrated pest management ____ than pesticides. A. is more expensive
B. is faster acting
C. requires more knowledge about pest-crop
D. is less expensive
E. requires more fertilizer, irrigation, plowing, and diesel fuel c

3. The U. S. agency charged with slowing soil degradation is the _______.
A. Soil Aggregation Service
B. Natural Resources Conservation Service
C. Agricultural Standards Agency
D. Conservation Integration Service
E. No U.S. agency, only private firms funded by farmers. B

4. Shelterbelts are to _______ as terraces are to _______.
A. stratification; salinization
B. wind erosion; water erosion
C. salinization; stratification
D. water erosion; wind erosion
E. leaching; desertification B

5. Raising _______ requires the most land and water. A. pigs
B. beef cattle
C. chickens
D. dairy cattle
E. goats B

6. B. describes food that has not been genetically modified
Monoculture _______.
A. describes the farming practice of growing large stands of a single species
B. describes food that has not been genetically modified
C. describes diets low in protein, such as vegetarianism
D. farming is a food-growing practice that uses no synthetic fertilizers or pesticides
E. farming is illegal in most countries A

7. It is more energetically efficient to eat _______. A. herbivores
B. carnivores
C. chicken
D. primary producers
E. secondary consumers d

8. Contour farming involves a. converting
A. steep slope into a series of terraces.
B. plowing at right angles to slopes.
C. building a series of small dams.
D. plowing straight down slope or straight up slope. B

10. The consequences of overfertilization can include
A. very large fruits and vegetables
B. crops spreading rapidly into nearby areas
C. large crop yields per acre
D. eutrophication in nearby waters
E. very fertile soils in future years D

11. pH of the soil influences _______. A. the number of soil horizons
B. soil clumpiness
C. soil compaction
D. leaching
E. plant growth E

12. C. the artificial fertilizer applied to monocultures
Humus is _______.
A. one of the primary causes of desertification if it is present in excess
B. composed of organic compounds and is necessary for fertile soils and for holding soil moisture
C. the artificial fertilizer applied to monocultures
D. a layer sometimes found in a soil horizon that is created by eluviation; it causes serious problems in agricultural fields
E. caused by agricultural runoff into waterways or into the water table B

13. The buildup of salts in soils as a result of overirrigation is _______.
A. weathering
B. erosion
C. evaporation
D. leaching
E. salinization

14. Industrialization of farms _______.
A. rapidly deteriorated soils, requiring continuous movement to new croplands
B. improved soils permanently, providing more food from less space
C. had no impact on agriculture
D. is necessary today for all cultures
E. increased the ability to obtain more food from the same area E

15. The loss of more than 10% productivity in arid areas due to erosion, soil compaction, forest removal, and an array of other factors is called _______.
A. stratification
B. climatization
C. salinization
D. desertification
E. global change D

16. Recombinant DNA _______.
A. is assembled in the lab from mononucleotides
B. was part of the green revolution of the 1960s
C. describes pollination of one plant by another of the same species
D. describes the merging of DNA from unrelated organisms to create new hybrids
E. describes pollination of one plant by another of a different species D

17. DDT was investigated by _____ between 1958 and 1962 and found to be harmful to wildlife and humans.
A. G. Tyler Miller
B. Paul Hermann Müller
C. Lester Brown
D. Rachel Carson
E. Paul Hewitt D

18. Livestock in the United States produces 20 times more ____ than is produced by the country's human population.
A. water
B. methane
C. manure
D. carbon dioxide
E. carbon monoxide C

19. A. increases labor costs. B. increases erosion. C. decreases erosion.
Conservation tillage
A. increases labor costs.
B. increases erosion.
C. decreases erosion.
D. increases energy consumption.
E. accelerates water loss from the soil. C

20. C. traditional subsistence D. traditional intensive E. plantation
Which of the following types of agriculture is most characteristic of developed countries?
A. high-input
B. industrialized
C. traditional subsistence
D. traditional intensive
E. plantation C

21. Commercially available inorganic fertilizers
A. increase soil porosity.
B. increase soil water-holding capacity.
C. raise the oxygen content of soil.
D. contain all trace elements.
E. lack trace elements. E

22. A. would kill only the target pest.
The ideal pesticide
A. would kill only the target pest.
B. would be of equal value to the damage the pest would have caused.
C. would kill every plant it came into contact with.
D. would be persistent.
E. would allow the development of genetic resistance. A

23. A. a species-specific chemical sex attractant.
A pheromone is
A. a species-specific chemical sex attractant.
B. a new form of chemical insecticide waiting approval by FIFRA.
C. a safe, natural pesticide.
D. a strong herbicide.
E. a bloodstream chemical that controls an organism's growth and development. A

24. Which of the following would be used to kill weeds? A. fungicides
B. rodenticides
C. nematocides
D. herbicides
E. insecticides D

25. Since 1950, the majority of the increase in food production is a result of the ____ revolution.
A. red
B. green
C. blue
D. purple
E. yellow

26. Most soil erosion is caused by A. earthquakes. B. volcanoes. C. wind.
D. moving water.
E. excess heat. D

27. The term overnutrition refers to people who A. eat balanced meals.
B. eat less than the basic minimum number of daily calories.
C. suffer from poor food quality.
D. eat too many calories each day.
E. eat too much protein. D

28. The term undernutrition refers to people who A. eat balanced meals.
B. eat too much protein.
C. suffer from poor food quality.
D. eat too much.
E. eat less than the basic minimum number of daily calories. E

29. The term malnutrition refers to people who A. eat too much.
B. eat balanced meals.
C. eat less than the basic minimum number of daily calories.
D. eat too much protein.
E. suffer from poor food quality. E

30. Fish species cultivated in aquaculture include all of the following EXCEPT
A. tuna.
B. trout.
C. tilapia.
D. carp.
E. clams. B

31. Insects are usually _______. A. essential for successful agriculture
B. harmful to agriculture
C. invasive species
D. keystone species
E. genetically modified species A

32. Plants with showy flowers typically _______.
A. are pollinated by animals
B. are killed by animals
C. are eaten by animals
D. decrease biodiversity in an area
E. are genetically modified by animals