1. Part 6: Organisms

2. What is Life?
Brainstorm: What do all living things have in common?

3. What is Life?
There is no simple way to define life.

4. What is Life? There is no simple way to define life.
So scientists have a list of criteria that describe its characteristics.

5. What is Life? There is no simple way to define life.
So scientists have a list of criteria that describe its characteristics.
Scientists call these criteria, the Characteristics of Life.

6. Characteristics of Life
All living things:
Are made up of one or more cells
Contain hereditary information and reproduce
Obtain and use energy
Grow and develop
Respond
Maintain homeostasis
Adapt

7. Made up of one or more cells
Characteristic 1
Made up of one or more cells

8. Characteristic 1: Made up of one or more cells
Cells: smallest unit of life

9. Characteristic 1: Made up of one or more cells
Cells: smallest unit of life
Two types of organisms:
Unicellular
Multi-Cellular

10. Characteristic 1: Made up of one or more cells
Cells: smallest unit of life
Unicellular Organisms: Single-celled organism (i.e. the organism is just one cell.)
Examples:
Bacteria
Protists (euglena and amoeba)
Fungi (Yeast)

11. Characteristic 1: Made up of one or more cells
Cells: smallest unit of life
Multi-cellular Organisms: organisms made up of more than one cell
Examples:
Animals
Plants

12. Contain hereditary (genetic) information and reproduce
Characteristic 2
Contain hereditary (genetic) information and reproduce

13. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA

14. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA
Determines inherited traits of every organism on earth

15. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA
Determines inherited traits of every organism on earth
Reproduction: production of new organisms

16. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA
Determines inherited traits of every organism on earth
Reproduction: production of new organisms
- Sexual:

17. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA
Determines inherited traits of every organism on earth
Reproduction: production of new organisms
- Sexual:
- Asexual:

18. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA
Determines inherited traits of every organism on earth
Reproduction: production of new organisms
- Sexual: two cells from two parents fuse to form new individual
- Asexual:

19. Characteristic 2: Genes and Reproduction
Genetic Code: DNA/RNA
Determines inherited traits of every organism on earth
Reproduction: production of new organisms
- Sexual: two cells from two parents fuse to form new individual
- Asexual: new organism forms from a single parent

20. Characteristic 3
Obtain and Use energy

21. Characteristic 3: Obtain and Use Energy
Metabolism: ALL of the chemical reactions in an organism that allows them to obtain and use energy.

22. Characteristic 4
Grow and Develop

23. Characteristic 4: Grow and Develop
Two types of Growth:
1. Results in an increase in size of the organism

24. Characteristic 4: Grow and Develop
Two types of Growth:
1. Results in an increase in size of the organism
2. Results in no increase in size of the organism

25. Characteristic 4: Grow and Develop
Two types of Growth:
1. Results in an increase in size of the organism
- addition/creation of new cells
- already existing cells get larger (muscle cells)
2. Results in no increase in size of the organism

26. Characteristic 4: Grow and Develop
Two types of Growth:
1. Results in an increase in size of the organism
- addition/creation of new cells
- already existing cells get larger (muscle cells)
2. Results in no increase in size of the organism
- Repair/Replacement of damaged or old/worn out cells

27. Characteristic 5
Responsiveness

28. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:

29. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:
Sense changes in the environment

30. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:
Sense changes in the environment
Process those changes/ Make a decision

31. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:
Sense changes in the environment
Process those changes/ Make a decision
Respond

32. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:
Sense changes in the environment
- Sense Organs
2. Process those changes/ Make a decision
3. Respond

33. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:
Sense changes in the environment
- Sense Organs
2. Process those changes/ Make a decision
- Brain
3. Respond

34. Characteristic 5: Responsiveness
Three things must occur:
Sense changes in the environment
- Sense Organs
2. Process those changes/ Make a decision
- Brain
3. Respond
- Muscles/Glands

35. Maintain a Stable Internal Environment
Characteristic 6
Maintain a Stable Internal Environment

36. Characteristic 6: Maintain a Stable Internal Environment
Homeostasis: The ability of an organism to keep a constant internal environment, DESPITE their constantly changing environment.

37. Characteristic 6: Maintain a Stable Internal Environment
Homeostasis: The ability of an organism to keep a constant internal environment, DESPITE their constantly changing environment.
Examples:
Shivering and Sweating

38. Characteristic 7
Adaptation

39. Characteristic 7: Adaptation
Adaptations are traits giving an organism an advantage in a certain environment.

40. Characteristic 7: Adaptation
Adaptations are traits giving an organism an advantage in a certain environment.
Change over time is necessary to the survival of species in a world that is always changing.

41. Characteristic 7: Adaptation
Adaptations are traits giving an organism an advantage in a certain environment.
Change over time is necessary to the survival of species in a world that is always changing.
Examples: Camouflage and Mimicry

42. Camouflage
Camouflage:
See vocab wk 5

44. Mimicry
Mimicry:
See vocab wk 5