1. Ganesh Prasad Bhatta (M.Sc., Land Administration) Chief Survey Officer, Survey Department February 8, 2013, Friday Spatially enabled e-governance: in the Nepalese Context 13 th CAN ICT Conference Organized by: Computer Association of Nepal and Internet Society Nepal 13 th CAN ICT Conference Organized by: Computer Association of Nepal and Internet Society Nepal

2. 2 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Presentation Outline Objective of the Presentation Setting the Scene Brief Introduction to relevant terminologies Benefits of SEG Key Elements of SEG Present Situation Initiatives to build infrastructure for SEG Issues and Challenges Conclusion

3. 3 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Objective of the Presentation To draw the attention/concern of Policy makers, ICT professionals, and researchers towards spatially enabled governance ◦ to fill the policy gap ◦ to fill the system gap ◦ to fill the research gap ◦ among others

4. 4 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Setting the Scene 'Death of Distance' 'There is no more there, everywhere is here' -Internet- (Cairncross, 1997) ↓ Exploitation of the opportunity offered by internet - Electronic Self Service - E-government - ↓ Incorporating Location Based Information to the information system Location based Services - Spatial enablement-

5. 5 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey DepartmentIntroduction E-government ◦ Online service delivery, using internet or other digital means ◦ Combines various ICTs (Geo-ICTs) to connect government agencies and institutions, promotes reorganization of governments internal and external information flows, activities and functions in order to shift service delivery over the internet ◦ Draws together the public sector, civil society and international actors, as well as improves consultation with, and participation by, all spheres of society to achieve a more participatory process of governance & decision-making ( Navarra and Cornford, 2007).

6. 6 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Introduction … Governance ◦ The process of decision-making and the process by which decision and implemented (or not implemented) ◦ It comprises the mechanisms, processes and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations and mediate their differences. E-Governance ◦ the application of ICT to achieve efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability in Government to Government, Government to Employee, Government to People and Government to Business. ◦ It enables peoples to make best use of automated administration processes that are accessible on-line. (Carmen RĂDUŢ, Dan VILAIA)

7. 7 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Introduction … Fig courtesy: (Do, 2010) E-Government Concept

8. 8 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Introduction … Spatial Enablement ◦ Addition of location based information to the existing information system Spatially Enabled Government (SEG) ◦ the government that makes use and benefits from a wide array of spatial data, information, and services in its policy and decision making Spatially Enabled Society ◦ a society can be regarded as spatially enabled when location and spatial information are commonly available to citizens and businesses to encourage creativity and product development

9. 9 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Introduction … Example of SEG ◦ spatial based e-government application, which is developed to access the parcel based official documents on internet. ◦ transmission of the spatial government documents (cadastral plans, construction permission plans, land usage plans, application plans, etc.) to related person and agencies in electronic environment using e-government applications.

10. 10 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Benefits of SEG Ensures good governance Helps to make the decision and policy making effective Helps to make justifiable distribution of resources and national benefits

11. 11 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Key Elements of SEG Legal Framework Spatial Data Infrastructure Common Data Integration Concept Positioning Infrastructure Land Information System Data and Information Concept

12. 12 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Nepalese Context for Spatially Enabled e-Governance

13. 13 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Present Situation The numbers of e-government applications using non-spatial data have been continuously increasing, while quite a few applications using spatial data have been conducted by the related government agencies. ICT Policy and Electronic Transaction Act have been enacted but the issues related with spatial and property data are not adequately addressed

14. 14 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Business vs ICT Market StrategyICT Policy ProcessesSystems Business ICT Market link fit Operationa l Alignment Strategic Alignment fit (Barnasconi, 2006) Does this alignment prevail for Geo-ICT based Business and market in Nepal?

15. 15 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Initiatives to Build Infrastructure for SEG Ministry of Land Reform and Management ◦ SOLA (Open source based land information system) under progress Survey Department, the National Mapping Organization ◦ Digital database of topographic map series and various kinds of geoinformation products ◦ National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) Initiative ◦ Cadastral data acquisition with digital technology ◦ Infrastructure for Positional Data Department of Land Information and Archive ◦ Digitalization of land records and development of land information system (LIS) (ongoing)

16. 16 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Initiatives to Build Infrastructure for Spatially Enabled Governance … NSDI initiative ◦ National Geographic Information Infrastructure Project (NGIIP) under Survey Department ◦ An initiative to ensure e- democracy in geographic information ◦ An initiative to discourage duplication of efforts and resources to produce similar kind of geoinformation products ◦ An initiative to ensure interoperability, consistency and sharability of the geo-data

17. 17 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Challenges and Issues ICT Policy and Electronic Transaction Act- Geo-ICT issues, especially related to land administration to be addressed adequately NSDI integration - is vital for e-governance Awareness - should be enhanced Inland Capacity for system development - to be developed Organizational Capacity for sustainability of the system ◦ Infrastructure ◦ Human resources ◦ Investment Coordination - to be improved Professional Development - to be emphasized

18. 18 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department By the way is e-governance properly translated? e-governance = विद्युतीय शासन विद्युतीय = Electric is e-government = electric government? Let's rethink the translation

19. 19 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey DepartmentConclusion Spatial enablement of the information makes the policy and decision making more effective and spatially better distributed Due concern of the policy makers, ICT professionals and researchers is needed in order to work more on this domain Let's work together! Then, we will be successful in promoting e-Democracy in Nepal, ultimately to build 'e- Nepal' since 'together we can'

20. 20 g]kfn ;/sf/ e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf d+qfno gfkL ljefu Government of Nepal Ministry of Land Reform and Management Survey Department Thank You for your kind attention!