1. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University Deploying Technology From Business Need to IT Infrastructure

2. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University DATA INFORMATION The traditional IS pyramid

3. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University Roles of IT Transactional –automation, cost cutting, data-centred Informational –Plan, control, responsiveness, quality Strategic –competitive advantage, market placement Enabling V Initiating - Making things happen Chan (2000)

4. School of Computing and Management Sciences Weill+Broadbent (1998) IT Portfolio Transactional Infrastructure

5. School of Computing and Management Sciences Weill+Broadbent (1998) IT Portfolio Aims Shorter time to market premium pricing superior quality Increased Sales Strategic advantage/necessity high risk I S T I Cut costs, increase RONA, low risk Integration, standardisation, flexibility

6. School of Computing and Management Sciences ©adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University World is Changing Hyper-competition Global competitiveness product half-lives Size matters new rules of the marketplace: Customer Empowerment in the Digital Economy –McDonald+Tobin(1998) the new rules of E-competion New technology

7. School of Computing and Management Sciences Key IT Issues adapted from Weill+Broadbent(1998) –Manage company-wide communications network –Manage groupware services –Recommend infrastructure standards –Security, disaster recovery –Technology advice and support –Manage and maintain data processing facilities –Manage databases and applications –Manage workstations

8. School of Computing and Management Sciences Key IT Issues adapted from Weill+Broadbent(1998) –IS Project management –Data management –Enforce standards –Assist with design of user-specific applications –Manage MIS and EIS –Manage electronic links to suppliers and customers –Provide technology training

9. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University Increased importance of IT? Organisational Changes New products/services Location changes Mergers and acquisitions Cost cutting Legislation New networking New applications Data rationalisation Existing problems IT Opportunities Review IT Infrastructure IT Infrastructure Internet Technology can play a central part in this

10. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University Summary –Rethinking how the business works now –IT not just a support mechanism –IT as enabler: breaking old rules –The new technology/systems will generate a new ideas/perception –Make possible new ways of working and new organisational forms –Internet Technology has an important part to play in all of the above

11. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University Examples

12. School of Computing and Management Sciences © adapted from Peter Lake, Sheffield Hallam University Internet Potential »Link up - join simple business functions like email, improve communication, group work, Intranet »Build up - Add critical business applications web enabled, distributed databases, data warehousing »Document/knowledge management, update/integrate//distribute legacy systems »Join up - expand the links to customers and suppliers »Supply Chain Management, EDI E.Business E.Commerce Adapted from Roche (1992)