2.  When FDR was elected he promised “bold, persistent experimentation” People didn’t know what he meant but they knew he would do something  Relief, recovery, and reform programs set up by the FDR administration First hundred days Roosevelt pushed programs through congress  Provide relief  Create jobs  Stimulate the economy

3.  Banks were closed for 4 days to be inspected to see if they were “healthy” Most banks were healthy Brought confidence to the people and they began to put money back in the banks FDIC- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation  Insured bank deposits

4.  Federal Securities Act- required companies to provide info about their finances if they offered stock for sale  Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Regulated the stock market  Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Sent funds to agencies to create jobs

5.  Public Works program Government funded projects to build public facilities  Civil Works Administration- built or improved roads, parks, airports etc 4 million employees  Civilian Conservation Corps 2.5 million young unmarried men Maintaining forests, beaches, and parks  Made $30 a month, lived in camps rent free  Received food, medical care, and job training

6.  National Recovery Administration (NRA) Regulated wages, controlled working conditions, production and prices, set a minimum wage Organized labor had collective bargaining

7.  The Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Refinanced mortgages to make it easier to pay  Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) Tried to raise farm prices with government assistance  Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Provided cheap electric power with Hydroelectric power facility

8.  Roosevelt appointed many new people to office including women and African Americans  His wife Eleanor worked side by side with him reporting conditions and working on social reforms  Many were impressed with the New Deal but it did not bring about significant change

9.  Included more social welfare benefits, stricter controls over business, stronger support for unions and higher taxes for the rich  FDR expanded on many of the agencies to give more relief

10.  Wagner Act Legalized collective bargaining and closed shops  Which allowed workplaces to only allowed to union workers Outlawed spying on union activities and blacklisting  National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)- set up to enforce provisions NLRB v Jones and Laughlin (1939)  The Supreme Court upheld the Wagner Act

11.  1935- Congress passed the Social Security Act Old age pensions Unemployment insurance Aid for dependent children, the blind, and disabled

12.  Minimum wage at $0.25/ hour- less than what some people were already making  Less helpful to women and minorities than white men

13.  New deal permitted lower wages for women  Relief and job programs were geared toward men  Jobs went to men or “head of families” unless they couldn’t work

14.  New Deal public works projects reinforced segregation not offered professional positions Kept out of skilled labor jobs Received lower wages than whites  New deal did nothing to stop discriminatory practices Whites would only hire whites  African American’s boycotted  “don’t shop where you can’t work” Senate got rid of a bill that made lynching a federal crime

15. FDR appointed African Americans to policy making posts FDR seemed genuinely concerned about the fate of African Americans  Led to strong support for FDR from African Americans

16.  Does too much  The rich were taxed- based on income and price of house  Claimed in penalized successful, hardworking people  American Liberty League- Led by Alfred E Smith Said New Deal limited individual freedom in an “un-American” manner Often called it “bolshevism”

17.  Does not do enough  Upton Sinclair believed US was in a “permanent crisis” Entire economic system needed to be reformed Ran for governor of California  Lost- was painted as a socialist and associated with communism

18.  Father Coughlin Called himself the “radio priest” and had a huge following in Detroit Advocated the nationalization (government ownership of banks and redistribution of wealth) of government Supported FDR and the New Deal but later denounced him on the radio and National Union for Social Justice  Called FDR “Franklin ‘Double-crossing’ Roosevelt” and great betrayer and liar Began to issue anti-Jewish statements and praised Hitler and Mussolini  People became alarmed and he was ordered to stop his radio show

19.  Huey Long Lawyer and grew up in southern poverty Never used racial attacks to build power Worked to help underprivileged by improving education, medical care, and public services Wanted to redistribute wealth by Share-Our-Wealth  Personal income could not exceed 1 million  Inheritance could not exceed 5 million  The money taken would go to make sure all families had a minimum $5,000 household estate and minimum annual income of $2,500 Also wanted shorter working hours, more veteran benefits, payments for education, and pensions for the elderly

20.  Some people believe the New Deal actually hindered economic progress  Was too powerful of a federal government  Hurt the idea of a free market economy  Used heavy taxes  Use of deficit spending - spending more money than what the government receives in revenues

21.  FDR wanted to appoint 6 new Supreme Court Judges  There was strong opposition to this because people thought he just wanted to appoint judges who would side with him