1. Hauora Total Wellbeing
3.1 Achievement Standard v 2
Apply knowledge to plan a physical activity programme or experience.
Credits 3

2. Hauora –Total Wellbeing
Participate in physical activities Individual sports
Team sports
Fitness activities
Describe how this influences hauora/wellbeing
By describing the following:
Hauora - taha tinana [physical wellbeing], taha hinengaro [mental and emotion wellbeing], taha whanau [social wellbeing] and
tahu wairua [spiritual wellbeing].
Consequences of neglect.
Benefits of, and barriers to, physical activity.

3. Mental and Emotional well-being
Haoura Is a Maori physilosophy of health unique to New Zealand. It consists of a number of dimensions. Total wellbeing
Taha whanau-
Social well-being
Taha hinengaro-
Mental and Emotional well-being
Taha wairua-
Spiritual well-being
Taha tinana-
Physical well-being

4. Whare tapawha model of hauora
Each of the four concepts of hauora is represented by a side of the whare [ house ].
All the dimensions work together to give us total wellbeing. Each aspect cannot function alone.- they overlap with all the other aspects of hauora. All aspects work together to form a whole and well rounded individual.

5. Consequences of neglect
All four sides of the whare tapawha are needed to support each other. When one wall is weak and collapses, the structure of the house suffers and the house will fall down or not provide sufficient shelter.
Like wise with human beings-any weakness in a certain area will lead to an unhealthy and unbalanced individual.
When certain aspects of hauora are not fulfilled there can be negative consequences.
When physical well-being is neglected, a person can lose the ability to function properly and show signs of illness.

6. Consequences of neglect cont.
When social wellbeing is neglected, a person can become isolated and without support.
If mental and emotional wellbeing is neglected, a person lacks the ability to make good decisions and does not think properly.
If spiritual wellbeing is neglected, an individual can become disillusioned with their life and lacks motivation.

7. Aspects of hauora When certain aspects of hauora are neglected, negative consequences result. Link the neglected aspects of hauora with their negative consequences.
Aspects of hauora
Negative consequences of neglect
1. Physical wellbeing- taha tinana
a. Overweight
2. Mental and emotional wellbeing
taha hinengaro
b Negative thoughts
3. Social wellbeing – taha whanau
c Breakdown of families
4. Spiritual wellbeing – taha wairua
d Lack of direction
e Sickness
f Psychiatric illness
g Nope hope
h Loneliness

8. Personal wellbeing test
Copy the following hauora pie graph
Spiritual Emotional/mental
Social Physical

9. Personal well-being test
Following are four aspects of hauora, with four statements associated with each aspect.
Use the following criteria to fill in your pie graph.
Use a different colour for each aspect of hauora [ eg. Red for spiritual, blue for physical]
If you agree with a statement[ ie. It does apply to you], then shade the relevant section of the pie graph strongly.
If you disagree with a statement [ ie. It does not apply to you], then shade the relevant section of the pie graph lightly.

10. Aspect of Hauora – Spiritual wellbeing.
1. I am at peace with myself most of the time
2. I have tried to figure out what happens when I die
3. I do have an idea of how I came to exist
4. I think about and discuss my personal values
Aspect of Hauora – Mental / Emotional wellbeing
5. I remove negative thoughts from my mind
6. I recognise things I have achieved in
7. I am good at expressing my feelings
8. I think I am capable of achieving whatever I want to

11. Aspect of Hauora – Physical wellbeing
9. I complete cardiovascular exercise 3-4 times per week.
10. I eat a balanced diet with variety and not much fat.
11. I am good at getting to sleep and I don’t often feel tired.
12. I usually remember to wash my hands and clean my teeth.
Aspect of Hauora – Social wellbeing.
13. I have lots of friends that support me when needed.
14. I help others in need when I see them in difficulty.
15. I deal with people politely and treat them with respect.
16. I tend to involve myself with others when in a group.
If your pie graph is primarily dark coloured in a particular area, there is a chance you have good health in that aspect of total wellbeing.
If your pie graph is primarily light coloured in a particular area, there is a chance you are in poor health in that aspect of total wellbeing.

12. Benefits of participating in physical activity Why people participate in physical activity
Physical needs.
Developing physical fitnesss and skills
Maintaining a healthy body weight
Social needs
Socialising with others
Being part of a team
Mental / Emotional needs
Expressing feeling and emotion
Self esteem and making decisions
Spiritual needs
Personal identity and confidence.
Enjoyment, appreciation of surroundings and challenge

13. Barriers to participation in physical activity
Experiencing physical discomfort when participating in physical activity
Finding it difficult to make time for physical activity.
Not having enough financial resources to participate in physical activity.
Feeling that they do not fit in, or they are to fat to participate in physical activity.
Lack of motivation

14. EXCUSES Mark next to each one to indicate whether or not it is an excuse you have ever used when you have not been motivated to do something
My favourite excuses for not doing things are..
Yes No
I’ll do it tomorrow
No one will care whether I do this or not
It can wait
Someone else will do it
I’m tired I will do it in the morning when I am fresh
I will do it after I have watched this programme
I will do this when I know I will succeed
People will laugh
I might fail

15. Joining a Sports Club Negative Factors Positive Factors Costs money
People present can encourage and motivate
Access to good quality facilities.
Coaching assistance available to help improve skills and enjoyment.
Benefit of socialising with others. Meet new people and make friends.
Negative Factors
Costs money
Have to purchase uniform.
Unfamilar surroundings and people.
Can experience harassment or nastiness.
No flexibility in training or game times

16. Steps to joining a sports club
Look for groups/ clubs in the yellow pages or on the internet. Alternatively, contact your local sports trust or SPARC [ Sport and Recreation Council]
Contact a local club in your area to find out about grades, costs, and time commitment.
Attend a couple of training sessions to find out if the sport meets your requirements.
Purchase the necessary equipment [make enquires about second hand gear].
Attend all training sessions and games.
Make an effort to try your hardest and get to know people.
Ask for assistance, where necessary, to improve your performance.

17. Barriers to Physical Activity
Suggest a solution to each barrier of physical activity that follows
I do not have the right clothing
I feel like I am fat
It costs to much money
People are better at it than me
I do not have enough time
It is to far away
I do not know anyone there.

18. Ideas for increasing physical activity
Develop routines such as going for an evening walk..
Incorporate incidental activity into your lifestyle [ using the stairs instead of the lift].
Get involved in social sport.
Have posters of lean athletes around the home.
Watch programmes/ videos of elite athletes for motivation.
Make a contract with someone close to you about what you want to achieve with both your exercise programmes.
Get a training partner and work together
Set weekly goals.
Get regular testing to monitor progress

19. Physical activity and its influence on taha tinana – physical wellbeing
Makes muscles stronger and more flexible.
Improves the ability of the heart and lungs to pump blood and oxygen around the body.
Maintains joint and muscle function which allows people to move more easily.
Reduces disease and illness.
Maintains a healthy body weight by burning fat and maintaining muscle.

20. Maintaining a healthy body weight
Energy balance.
Percentage of total daily energy expenditure.
Daily nutrition- Fat 25 %, Carbohydrates 60%, and Proteins 15%
How much energy do I need in a day?
Two main Factors determine individual energy requirements
a. Basal Metabolic Rate [BMR] = The energy required to keep your body functioning. Eg. Brain function, heart beating
b. Energy expenditure in physical activity/ exercise.

21. Physical activity and its influence on taha hinengaro - mental and emotional well-being
Feelings and Emotions.
Feelings and emotions can be described as the mood state a person is in after a situation has occurred.
Emotions can often have a physical reation attached to them, such as sweating, hot flushes, or change in heartbeat.
Participating in physical activity can expose individuals to intense emotional states as well as teach them how to control their emotions
The emotional state that a person is in during physical activity can have drastic affects on the way they deal with the situation.
The feelings and emotions that a person experiences when participating in physical activiity can range from peace tranquility [tramping] to extreme rage and contempt [conflict on the sports field]
Emotions have a powerful effect on the way people view a situation.
Sometimes, a person’s perception can be totally different than reality.
The way in which a person expresses their emotions is a valuable lesson that can be learnt through participation in physical activity.
Peace Happiness Anger Sadness
_____________________________________________________________
Calm emotions Intense emotions

22. Feelings and Emotions Peace Sadness Happiness Anger
Occurs`when every one in the group is in harmony with each other
It allows people to get on with each other.
Associated with good times.
Sadness
Defined as sorrow in someone’s life
Can be displayed as silence, crying or other expressions
Usually occurs`when something doesnot go well.
Losing an important game, losing a close friend.
Feelings and Emotions
Happiness
Defined as joy in someones life
Can be displayed with song, shouts and other expressions.
Usually occurswhen things go well. Winning an important game , seeing a close friend after a long time.
Anger
Intense emotion can occur as result of differences between people
Disagreeing with a team mate or referee, experiencing foul play or being angry at youself for not playing well.

23. Experiencing Feelings
Activity- Explain what feelings a person might experience in the following physical activity situations.
Walking alone along a deserted beach.
Missing the final shot at goal, costing the team victory.
Winning the club final
Being awarded player of the day.
Being sent off during a game.
Feelings continuum.
Describe what feeling a person might feel in the following situations and then suggest strategies of communicating these feelings constructively
Situation
Feeling [sadness, anger etc..]
Strategies of
Constructive communication
1.Comforting a teammate who caused the team to lose their game
2.Confronting a person that abused a teammate.
3.Having gossip that is not true being spread by a teammate

24. Self Esteem Self esteem is the way someone feels aboout themselves.
Affects peoples` whole way of life, from how well they present themselves to what type of challenges they set for themselves[ eg. Career prospects, friends they have and activities they participate in].
Self esteem is the way we look at ourselves compared to others.
Self esteem involves our thoughts about what others probably think of us and who we are. This is based on how others treat us in terms of their approval or disaproval of what we are doing and the respect they have for us.
People often base their self esteem on how they compare to others. This leads to people competing against others and making others feel bad in order for a person’s self esteem to be approved. This is a dangerous attitude no one has control over what others do and there will always be someone that is as good or better than you.
Self esteem shoud be based upon how a person feels about themselves and their own achievements.
Everone has different goals and should set their hopes on making the most of what they have.

25. Self Esteem
Activity
Self esteem affects people in many ways – the kind of friends they have, their motivation, integrety, consideration of others, leadership potential.
List three things you like about yourself.
Who are some of the people in your life who make you feel good about yourself? Describe two things they do to make you feel this way.
Discuss some things that you have done in the past to give you a sense of accomplishment or achievement.
Copy the following table and rate each of the following factors on what effect they have on your self esteem.
Factor
None
Hardly at all
little
lots
How much money do I have 1 2 3
Type of clothes I wear
How many teams we beat
The class I am in at school
What others think of me
How popular I am
The suburb I live in
How many friends I have

26. Effects of Self- Esteem
High Self-esteem
Results in increased motivation
Involvement in learning.
Successful performance in relationships
Assertiveness improves self esteem
Characteristics.
Happy
Content with life
Take on challenges
Confident
Show love and affection
Speak positively about themselves and others.
Low Self-esteem
Binge eating on junk food
Drinking excess alcohol
Taking drugs
Problems with anger
Negative thoghts and talk about others and onesself
Inability to show love and affection
People are desperate to win approval of others.
There fore are easily influenced by others opinion inorder to fit in even if the results are antisocial

27. Effects upon Self - Esteem
Divide the following behaviours under two headings
1. Effects of positive self-esteem and
2. Effects of negative self-esteem
Acting tough
Trying to learn a new sport
Getting drunk
Being aggressive towards others
Giving another person a complement
Making friends with someone you do not know

28. Self Esteem
Self esteem can be enhanced through participating in physical activity when:
Skills improve
Positive contributions are made to a group performance.
Support and encouragement are received from others.
Success is experienced in ones own or teams performance [ scoring a goal or winning the game]
Self esteem can be damaged through participation in physical activity when:
Skills do not improve
Contribution is not made to a group performance
Harassment or discouragement are received from others
Failure is experienced in ones own or team performance [missing a shot causing the team to lose].

29. Developing thinking stategies and making decisions
Participation in physical activity allows individuals and groups to develop thiniking stategies and make decisions that will allow them to succeed.
Strategies and tactics involve using plans or patterns of play in a cooperative situation
Team sports based around possession of the ball
Offence / Defence.
Good decision making involves the problem being identified. Why is the team losing?
Once the problem has been identified all relevant information must be collected. This is achieved through the following sources:
Opposition strengths and weaknesses
Team strengths weaknessess and strengths
Principals of offence and defence
Imput from coach and experienced players
Situation in the game

30. Decision Making Identify the problem. Assess activity situation
Team unable to defend against opposition scoring points
Gather information. Venue, opposition, position of strong player in our team, team mates, coaches, who the opposition is using to attack our goal,
progress in the game, advice from coach and experienced players.
Select alternatives Place an extra player back to defend, put two defenders on their best player, make positional changes to match abilities
Determine consequences Make it harder for them to move the ball,
leaves an opponent unmarked, matches players according to ability
Choose best alternative Make position change to match abilities
Take action Players change position and match up to opposition according to ability
Evaluate action taken If action successful leave in place and modify accordingly to needs . If action taken was unsuccessful, information needs to be feed back into the above process and another alternative identified and actioned

31. Physical activity and its influence on taha whanau- Social wellbeing Group or individual activities
Group Activities
- Advantages
Sense of belonging
Source of motivation
Gain encouragement from interaction with others
By cooperating a person can be more effective and achieve outcomes not possible by an individual.
- Disadvantages
Forced to get on with people you do not like
Can experience nastiness or harassment
Structured time for participating
Can feel let down by team mates through lack of effort of their behaviour
Individual Activities
- Advantages
Reliant on own effort
Do not experience harassment or nastiness from others
Benefical when you want time out from others.
- Disadvantages
Don’t experience motivation and encouragement from others.
No one to share the experience of a good training session or performance with

32. Communicating with others
Participating in physical activity allows individuals to develop skills in the area of communicating with others as well as being sensitive to and considerate of their needs. This can include:
Comforting someone who is sad
Speaking nicely to someone by encouraging them.
Important when speaking to someone to be gentle, words can be harmful.
When having to say something negative or critical, try and say it nicely.
When someone has been disappointed, that person is very fragile emotionally, and they could take your comments the wrong way.
Individuals need to realise that not everyone responds and feels the same way to physical activity.
They respond differently according to their personality and nature.
What makes one person estatic,will make another thankful, and yet another sad.
Regular participation can help people understand others better and get along with one another.
Indicators to how someone is feeling.
1. Look at how they are behaving.
2. Listen to what they are saying
3. Consider the situation that has occurred
4. Remember how they have acted in a similar situation in the past

33. Friendships
Participating in physical activity allows individuals to spend time with others on a regular basis, and in doing so, develop a friendship.
Friends provide companionship, support and care for each of the friends in the relationship.
Showing an genuine interest in others, whilst participating in physical activity, sends a message that they are valued and therefore they will tend to show an interest towards you.
Not everyone who appears to be a friend is actually one.
Some people associate with people only because it suits them.
True friendships are often tested in times of trial.
True friends remain when the going gets tough

34. Supporting and Including others
Participating in physical activity can involve assisting others in their participation.
Often a persons own problems go away because the person becomes focused on solving someones else’s problem rather than their own.
The rule of giving rather than receiving, allows the giver to feel the satisfaction of helping others and in turn they are more likely to be helped when they need it because they have assisted others.
Treat others as you yourself would like to be treated
Supporting others: Activity:
1.Copy the diagram below and write in the names of people that support you and that you support
2. Why do some people have more friends than others
3. List four strategies of making someone new to a sports team feel included and suported
People that support you People that you support
You

35. Supporting others
Putting others needs before your own is an act of scarifice, involving giving up something that you would like to do.
This quality is increasingly hard to find in a world that rewards people for looking after their own needs first.
Supporting others in physical activity shows people that you value them and makes them feel special. It can include the following:
Introducing a person to other members of a group
Giving advice about group activities.
Including a person in practices by passing them the ball
Complementing and encouraging a person while they are participating.
Be an Encourager.
Participating in successful groups requires people to give and receive compliments.
Complimenting someone else gives them encouragement and makes them feel good about what they are doing.
Receiving compliments from others is a good source of encouragement and would reinforce an individuals participation in a physical activity

36. Supporting others Activity: The list below shows a number of different actions that a person might take to make friends with others. As some are more helpful than others. Identify and tick which actions are least helpful or most helpful
Action
Least helpful
Most helpful
Showing an interest in people
Gossiping about someone behind their back
Joining a sports team
Being an idiot at practice
Giving advice to team mates about the game
Making fun of someone at practice
Action
Least helpful
Most helpful
Letting new people join your team
Ignoring someone in your team
Trying your hardest
Wearing tready clothes at practice
Believing in yourself
Showing how tough you are

37. Physical activity allows people to display qualities of a good friend
Respect
Treat others with honour and dignity
Respect needs to be earned and is achieved by treating others well
Respect is shown towards others when their needs are put first,spoken to politely, and listened to and taken note.
Trust
Trust allows a person to share secrets
Need to be careful who you share things with, people can let you down
Trust needs to earned over time
Physical activity allows people to display qualities of a good friend
Honesty
Showing honesty can be hard
Requires integrity to tell the truth when it will hurt the team
These lifeskills are something that everyone needs to learn to be able to get along with others.
Faithfulness
Loyalty
Ability to stick things out even when the going gets tough.
Loyalty to a team will allow members of that team to make sacrifies in order to put the team first.

38. Group development Activity
1. List the four stages below in the order they should occur
2. What is the most successful team you have been involved in? Why was this?
3.a. What may enable one group to function more effectively than others?
b. what things may allow a group to function less effectively than others
4.a. What is team spirit?
b. If you were a team captain in a team that had a poor team spirit, what could you do to improve it?
The following diagram represents the parts of Tuckman’s model of group management. Tuckmans model explains the various stages a group goes through, from first coming together to the point when it begins to function effectively.
Performing this occurs when the group begins to function effectively as a unit
Stroming This occurs when the roles and the status within the group are established
Norming This occurs when rules and acceptable standards of behaviour are established
Forming This occurs when the group first gets together

39. Lesson from geese
Provide a Physical activity application for each lesson learned
Fact Lesson Activity
As geese flap their wings, it creates an uplift for the birds following it. By flying in a v formation they can fly 71% more range than flying alone
People who share both common direction and sense of community can get where they are going quicker and easier when they travel with the help of one another
1. You are a member of a sports team
When ever a goose falls out of formation it suddenly feels the drag and resistance of trying to fly alone and quickly gets back to tack advantage of the lifting power of the bird in front
Stay with those who are heading in the right direction
2. You are having difficulty with a routine
When the lead goose gets tired it rotates back in formation and another goose flies at the front point position
Take turns with the hard tasks and share leadership with others
3.Taking part in an obstacle course team buiding exercise
When a goose gets sick, two geese follow it down to try and help and protect it. They stay till it gets well or dies, then launch out on own or join another formation or catch up with original group
Support and stand by one another
4. A team mate is upset
The geese honk from behind to encourage those up front
Be an encourager to those in front
5. A team mate is having trouble keeping up in a training run

40. Activity: Attributes of a successful team member
The team comes first
Activity: Attributes of a successful team member
Following is a list of attributes
Sumetimes arrives late Has a bad temper Does include others
Has a positive attitude Arguementative Gives advice to others
Encourages others Gossips about others Tries their hardest
Positive Qualities
Explaination
Negative Qualities
Explanation

41. Physical activity and its influence on taha wairua- spiritual wellbeing
Physical activity influences spiritually through giving people identity and developing confidence as well as allowing them to relax and enjoy their surroundings.
Spirituality in turn influences all areas of our lives.
Some meet their spiritual need through a religious connection and others through a commitment to finding a personal identity
Spiritual health is made up of a personal purpose

42. Personal identity and confidence
A person’s personal identity is made up of ideas about who they think they are.
These ideas come from what the person believes other people think about them.
All individuals are unique and posses different gifts- some have intellectual gifts, others have social gifts, and still others have spiritual gifts.
Physical activity allows those that have physical gifts to express themselves and feel good about who they are.
This gives them identification, confidence and purpose.
It makes them feel good about themselves
For those that do not have physical gifts and talents, physical activity can be a discouraging experience that makes them feel awkward.
People that are physically talanted are able to express themselves through movement, it gives them a chance to show others who they are and what they are capable of physically.
It is a vehicle of communication and personal expression with others [ they may not feel as comfortable communicating verbally or socially compared with others

43. Confidence
Confidence can be defined as a person’s belief in themselves to achieve a task that is before them.
Physical activity gives participants a sense of achievement.
It allows them to feel healthy and good about themselves which develops self esteem, a sense of achievement and confidence.
Confident people take things on.
By completing challenges successfully, you can build your confidence.
When an individual experiences success in physical activity the sense of achievement can serve as an encouragement to continue working hard at what they are participating in to improve futher
When an individual experiences failure in physical actiovity this can serve as discouragement to continue to work hard and they may give up what they are participating in
Because structured sport is often competitive in nature and pits individuals against each other, there invariably be a winner and a loser. It is important that an individual takes pride in their own performance and improving themselves without comparing themselves with anyone else.

44. Self Confidence O 1 2 3 Activity Factor None Poor Average Excellent
List somethings you have done successfully that were hard to do
Write down some things that yoy find hard and cold be put off doing
How does fear of failure affect confidence? What can be done to overcome this?
Rate each of the factors on what effect they have on your self esteem
Factor
None
Poor
Average
Excellent
Giving advice to members of your team O 1 2 3
Playing aganst a representaive team
Introducing yourself to an opponent
Taking a sport you are not good at
Asking your coach for help in a skill
Going to a team social
Setting a long term goal
Asking the coach if you can run a training session

45. Discipline and Perseverance
Participation in physical activity can teach individuals to develop discipline annd perserverance. These characteristics have many flow on affects into other aspects of life.
Can lead to success in business and personal relationships.
Perserverance is carrying on in the face of adversity.
Success is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.
Discipline and perserverance rquire a person to make a conscious decision even though they may not like the outcome .
Perserverance allows people to compete at a higher level because they work harder at what they are doing

46. Enjoyment, appreciation of surroundings and challenge
People involved in physical activity are often removed from their normal environment. This gives them a chance to think clearly and relax because they are away from the pressure and strains of everyday life.
Allows people to enjoy the environment and appreciate nature.
Participation in physical activity can give people a sense of enjoyment and also allows them to interact in a different environment.
Experiencing the thrill of competition, the ability to move graciously, complete a skill with ease, are some of the physical experiences that lead people to enjoy physical activity.

47. Challenge
Performing a physical activity for the first time can be a new and challenging experience.
Learning the skills and rules as well as the physical requirements of an activity can prove to be a challenge and gives people participating a challenge to overcome.This can provide enjoyment and excitement and is the reason why people often choose to continue in an activity.
However the uncertainty and daunting nature of a new activity, coupled with new surroundings and strange people, can be a reason why people choose not to participate at all.

48. Benefits of physical activity There are four potential benefits of physical activity: place each of the following into the benefit catergories below Feeling good yourself Meeting new people Feeling healthy Enjoyment and having fun Getting on with others Developing character Developing discipline Thrill of competing Relaxation Improving fitness Making friends Achieving goals Finding your true self Having self control Feeling wanted Gaining direction in life Improving skills Being part of a group Encouragement Winning Expressing yourself
Physical benefits
Mental/Emotional benefits
hip
Social benefits
Spiritual benefits

49. Factors affecting participation in physical activity
Place each of the following physical activities into three catergories;
Making friends Experiencing haressment Getting injured
Appreciating the environment Learning a new skill Losing a game
Stress of competion Being able to relax Commitment
Equipment Improved fitness Working up a sweat
Positive affect
No effect
Negative affect