1. 16/27/2011 NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE Environmental Health and Safety Department BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS (BBP’s) Training Program

2. 26/27/2011 Objectives To recognize the agency that regulates the BBP standard List BBP covered the standard To recognize what the hazardous are and how you can be exposed To apply safe work practices when working with blood and other bodily fluids To manage disposal of contaminated biohazard materials

3. 36/27/2011 Regulators OSHA= 29 CFR 1910.1030 –(Occupational Safety and Health Administration) –Covers ALL employees who may be exposed to blood and other potential infectious material (OPIM)

4. 46/27/2011 What is a Bloodborne Pathogen? A pathogenic organism present in blood (in addition to other body fluids), which may cause disease in humansA pathogenic organism present in blood (in addition to other body fluids), which may cause disease in humans

5. 56/27/2011 Bloodborne Pathogens Of Particular Concern: (covered under the OSHA standard) –Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) –Hepatitis B (HBV) –Hepatitis C (HCV) Other examples include malaria, syphilis, African sleeping sickness, leptospirosis, relapsing fever (Borrelia), and viral hemorrhagic fevers (including Ebola)

6. 66/27/2011 Who is at risk for BBP Exposure? Anyone—but particularly: Laboratory personnel Physicians Nurses Phlebotomists Laundry and Janitorial workers EMT/Paramedics

7. 76/27/2011 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) First recognized in 1981 Infects key cells in the human body that are part of the immune system, specifically CD4 and T cells Modes of transmission: sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood, and from an infected mother to her unborn child 1 in 300 possibility of getting infected after exposure from needlestick or 1:1000 from mucosal splash Can only survive a short time outside a host No vaccine or cure available

8. 86/27/2011 Hepatitis Hepatitis is a viral disease of the liver that can results in chronic liver disease. There are 5 well known viral strains of hepatitis Hepatitis B and C are bloodborne pathogens There is a 1 in 3 chance of contracting HBV/HCV after exposure. Hep B/C can survive on environmental surfaces. Decontamination is important with 10% bleach solution The number of new HBV infections per year has declined from an average of 260,000 in the 1980s to about 60,000 in 2004. The number of new HCV infections per year has declined from an average of 240,000 in the 1980s to about 26,000 in 2004. CDC website (March 2005), http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/b/index.htm

9. 96/27/20119

10. 106/27/2011 Transmission of BBPs Sexual Contact Shared needles Direct contact between broken or chaffed skin and infected body fluids Needlesticks: most common method of transmission of BBP in the medical environment –Protect yourself by safely handling the needles and disposing them immediately in a sharps container after use –Report all needle stick and other sharps-related injuries promptly to ensure that you receive appropriate follow-up care –Never recap or resheath a needle –Never leave a needle unattended on a work surface

11. 116/27/2011 Exposure Control Plan Located in Health Services Department (Basic Science Building; ext. 4324) Breaks down each job by class and identifies the employee’s risk of exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material Establishes procedures for evaluating the circumstances of an exposure incident Explains the Hepatitis B Program Explains post exposure follow up and record keeping procedure

12. 126/27/2011 Health Services (BSB room C12)

13. 136/27/2011 Sharps Containers Used to collect materials such as contaminated needles, syringes, slides/cover plates, dissection tools for disposal Make certain that the lid is closed when discarding materials. Never place sharps in an overfilled container

14. 14 FILL LINE Do not overfill…!!! All sizes of sharps containers have a “recommended fill line”, please follow instructions/guidelines 6/27/2011

15. 156/27/2011 Red Sharps Containers (17 gal) Sharps Containers Fill Line FILL LINE Do not overfill…!!!

16. 166/27/2011 Regulated Medical Waste Bin Place waste materials in RED BAG in container

17. 176/27/2011 “Chain of Infection” Pathogen Reservoir Escape from Reservoir Transmission through Environment Portal of Entry Susceptible Host Infection Control = Break any link in chain

18. 186/27/2011 Risk Factors for Infection Pathogenicity of organism Dose Route of entry (injection, contact with mucous membrane or open wound) Host susceptibility Work practices HIVHepB

19. 196/27/2011 Protect Yourself: Use Universal Precautions  These are recommended physical requirements, procedural actions and precautions for safe work with human/primate pathogenic materials or microbes in healthcare, laboratory and other work environments.  Because the potential for infectivity of any blood and body fluids is unknown, universal precautions should be adhered to for all specimens regardless of evidence of infectious material.

20. 206/27/2011 20 What to treat with UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS –Blood –Cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, pleural fluid, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, amniotic fluid, –Any other visibly bloody body fluids/secretions –Any unfixed tissue or organ, other than intact skin, from a living or dead person –Organ cultures and culture medium or other solutions that may contain pathogenic agents

21. 216/27/2011 A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids If you have an exposure incident –inmmediately wash the exposed area with warm water and soap for 15 minutes. CONTACT HEALTH SERVICE @ 594-4235 Exposure Incident

22. 226/27/2011 Disinfecting To disinfect your liquid waste, make a 10% solution of household bleach in the liquid waste and treat overnight Next morning discard in the lab sink.

23. 236/27/2011 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Gloves Goggles Lab Coats Face Shields Masks Gowns Caps Shoe Covers

24. 246/27/2011 PPE: Gloves –Protect yourself: wear gloves! –Remember: Washing latex gloves with plain soap, chlorhexidine, or alcohol can cause micropunctures. Exposure to glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and alcohol preparations may weaken both latex and nitrile gloves

25. 256/27/2011 Common Sense Precautions Wash hands when gloves are removed If needed, irrigate the eyes and skin IMMEDIATELY for at least 15 minutes…!!! Do not bend, recap, or remove contaminated needles As soon as you are finished using sharps, immediately discard them in a puncture resistant, leak-proof container: SHARPS CONTAINER

26. 266/27/2011 Summary OSHA is responsible for the BBP Standard Be aware of potential risks in the lab when working with BBP’s Familiarize yourself and apply all safety practices Apply all safety practices when disposing biohazardous materials Protect yourself: always wear PPE (safety glasses, gloves, lab coat) Take advantage of the Hepatitis Program Note: BBP training must be taken annually

27. 27 Perfect! Congratulations, you finished the presentation and now take a test, click on the link and follow the instructions: http://www.proprofs.com/quiz- school/story.php?title=bloodborne-pathogens_26 http://www.proprofs.com/quiz- school/story.php?title=bloodborne-pathogens_26 6/27/2011