1. Chapter One What are Electrical & Computer Engineering

2. 2 Introduction  Engineering is both a difficult profession and a very rewarding one.  The rewards of engineering come from the accomplishment an engineers feels when his or her ideas are implemented and improving people ’ s lives.

3. 3 What is Engineering? Engineering: is the application of science and mathematics to produce useful devices and systems.

4. 4 What is the basic knowledge that supports electrical and computer engineering? Technical and scientific background 1.Sophisticated mathematical skills. physical and chemical systems can be understood by complex mathematical models. Mathematical model: is a representation of a physical system using equations

5. 5 What is the basic knowledge that supports electrical and computer engineering? How mathematical model help Engineering? 1. In the understanding of the physical process. 2. Allow engineers to predict the behavior of a system in new applications 3. Help in designing new devices.

6. 6 What is the basic knowledge that supports electrical and computer engineering? 2. Physics: understanding of how matter is structured and how it reacts to external stimuli, helps in understanding complex systems and designing new devices. 3. Chemistry: tells how matter interacts and how complex forms of matter are made. 4. Basics of Computer Science : how computers work and how to program them to perform useful tasks.

7. 7 What is the basic knowledge that supports electrical and computer engineering?  Non technical skills. 1.Effective communicators : convey their ideas through written reports and oral representations 2.Must function well as members of a team. 3.Must be able to work with non technical team members. 4.Fundamentals of business principles in their industry.

8. 8 Who engineers work with 1.Scientists: they study nature and try to discover the laws that govern it, their role is to gather knowledge, engineers use this knowledge to produce useful devices and processes. 2.Technicians: build prototypes of new devices, run experiments and record experimental data, build machines that help in designing new products, perform maintenance of machines.

9. 9 What is Electrical Engineering?  Electrical Engineering: is the study of how the interactions of electrons with matter can be exploited for useful applications.

10. 10 How are electrons used? 1.To produce the power for our homes. 2.Convert radio signals into audible sounds. 3.To diagnose problem in human bodies. 4.Convert energy into light. 5.Interact with a gas to emit light (fluorescent light bulb) 6.Radiate energy (transmitting television or cell phone signals)

11. 11 What is computer Engineering ?  Computer Engineering: is an electrical engineer interested in computing technology. They focus on designing and building computers and computer systems.

12. 12 What is the difference between electrical engineers, computer engineers and computer scientists? 1. Computer scientists are interested in designing. the software used by computers.(constructing algorithms to implement calculations and the efficient design of software to run computers) 2. Electrical Engineers design and build hardware used in applications other than computers. (they also will do computer design and work on developing the software for the applications of interest.) 3. Computer Engineers need to understand the complexities of software but focus on the design of the hardware that runs the software.

13. 13 Other Engineering Fields Mechanical Engineering  Focuses on the design and production of mechanical systems.  Large - scale system design e.g automobiles, refrigeration system, robots.  Small - scale system design e.g computer disk drives, miniaturized medical implants.

14. 14 Other Engineering Fields Civil Engineering  Is concerned with the design & building of the infrastructure of cities and communities.  Work on roads, bridges, and sewer system, & design large buildings.  Work closely with architects to ensure the new buildings are structurally sound and can withstand the forces of nature.

15. 15 Other Engineering Fields Aerospace Engineering  Is concerned with the design of flying machines (commercial and military aircraft, and vehicles launched into space)  Have expertise in the flow of air around airplanes & design the wings, control surfaces, and the fuselage of airplanes.

16. 16 Other Engineering Fields Chemical Engineering  Concerned with the methods required to make the numerous chemicals used in modern life.  Recently they are involved in working on designs for the complicated processes used to fabricate ICs.  Design the production systems for medicines.

17. 17 Other Engineering Fields Nuclear Engineering  Are trained in the technology used to harness the energy of the atom.  Design nuclear reactors for power stations & ships.  Are helping to design fusion reactors that might provide a new source of commercial power.  Has applications in medicines (utilize short- lived nuclear isotopes )

18. 18 Other Engineering Fields Manufacturing Engineering  Are knowledgeable in manufacturing methods and can design the best way to make a product  They deal with the mechanics of manufacturing such as assembly lines of robots.  They must consider human factors such as efficient &safe use of assembly personnel in the design of manufacturing processes.  It is closely related to industrial engineering and is sometimes considered a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering.

19. 19 Other Engineering Fields Biomedical Engineering  Studies ways to use engineering principles to design devices that help in the treatment of diseases or that can be used to replace biological materials.  BME meets EE in the design of diagnostic medical equipment, such as ultrasound and patient monitoring devices.  BME meets mechanical Engineering in work on prosthetic devices and artificial muscles.

20. 20 Where do Electrical and Computer Engineers works? 1. Engineering company 2. Any company that uses electrical or computer based control system (clothing manufacturers, fast food restaurants) 3. Small companies.

21. 21 What a profession is? Profession  profession = occupation = job  professional = someone has a great deal of experience and can be counted on to do a good job.  professional is used to distinguish someone who is paid for his or her work rather than being an amateur.

22. 22 Basic attributes of professions. 1. Work involves sophisticated skills, judgment and discretion and it is not routine or capable of mechanization. 2. Require extensive formal education. 3. Special societies or organizations set standards for admission to the profession and standards of conduct for members of the profession. 4. Work serves some aspect of the public good.

23. 23 Is engineering a profession? 1. Engineering involves sophisticated skills to design a computer or a wireless telephone network for example  Judgment: Engineers must decide which of several different designs, components, or materials to choose from.  Discretion: keep information on new design and on their clients strictly confidential.  Mechanized : using tools to design to aid in the design makes the work non mechanized

24. 24 Is engineering a profession? 2. Engineering requires extensive formal education. Upgrade the skills through continuing education. One of your goals must be to learn how to teach yourself. 3. Engineering have professional societies that help to set standards for professional conduct by engineering such as IEEE for electrical and computer engineering. 4. Engineering serves public goods (many equipment and tools are created by Electrical and Computer Engineers.)

25. 25 Benefits of profession 1- high pay 2- high status in society 3- subsidized education 4- degree of self-governance.

26. 26 Codes of Ethics  Professional societies have given duties and responsibilities of members spelled out in documents called codes of ethics  What does code of Ethics provide us? 1. Provides a framework for ethical judgments of the professional. 2. Profession ’ s responsibilities. 3. Helps create an environment where ethical behavior is the norm.

27. 27 Licensures  Engineers in general do not need to be licensed, only civil engineers are required to be licensed to ensure that any structure is built according to the building codes adopted by the state.

28. 28 Entrepreneurship  Entrepreneurship: the act of starting a new venture to produce a product or exploit a new idea.  Steps to Entrepreneurship: 1. Invention: Engineers have roles in the discovery of new idea and invention of new products and developing these ideas 2. Innovation. 3. Marketing: in small companies engineers need to participate in commercializing their ideas.