1. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme UNU-GTP AND GEOTHERMAL TRAINING FOR AFRICANS Ingvar B. Fridleifsson & Lúdvík S. Georgsson

2. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme United Nations University Established in 1975 Headquarters in Tokyo International community of scholars Think-tank for the United Nations system Builder of capacities, particularly in developing countries 13 UNU Research and Training Centres and Programmes around the world

3. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme.. has operated in Iceland since 1979.. aims at assisting developing countries with significant geothermal potential to build up or strengthen groups of specialists that cover most aspects of geothermal exploration and development.. offers annually six months specialised training courses for professionals in geothermal work.. offers MSc. education in cooperation with Univ. Icel... offers short courses and workshops in recipient countries.. is hosted at Orkustofnun – National Energy Authority.. now the only international graduate school offering specialized training in all the main fields of geothermal science & engineer.

4. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Specialized training is offered in:  Geological exploration  Borhole geology  Geophysical exploration  Borehole geophysics  Reservoir engineering  Environmental studies  Chemistry of thermal fluids  Geothermal utilisation (engineering)  Drilling technology

5. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme The training ….  Is intended to provide participants with the ability to carry out inde-pendent execution of projects at home  Starts with an introductory lecture course for basis  Continues with 5-7 weeks of specialized training  Includes field excursions to Icelandic geothermal fields  Continues with a geo- thermal research project for 12 weeks and a report  Includes training and use of computers  Concludes with certificate from the United Nations University and Orkustofnun

6. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Projects…  Are selected from home countries if possible and data is available  Otherwise, data is provided from Icelandic geothermal fields of similar characteristics  Are published in our yearbook “Geothermal Training in Iceland”

7. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Fellowships.. are awarded to candidates from developing countries and some Central and East European countries.. cover tuition fees, per diem and international travel.. financed by the Government of Iceland (95%) and the United Nations University (5%)

8. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Candidates must…  Have a university degree in science or engineering  Have a minimum of one year practical experience in geothermal work, if possible for the country  Speak English, the teaching language, fluently  Have a permanent position at a governmental energy company, research institution or university  Be selected by personal interviews during visits of staff members of UNU to their home country  Be within 40 years of age unless in exceptional cases

9. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme MSc education.. is offered in cooperation with University of Iceland.. Fellowships come from UNU-GTP, but the main part of teaching is at UI.. to be eligible the Fellows must have completed the conventional 6 months programme which counts as 15 points of 60 in the MSc requirements, and they should not be older than about 35 years.. the completion of the MSc degree should take 1½ - 2 years, the first MSc Fellow graduated in 2001, two additional ones in 2002 – now in 2006 nine Fellows have completed MSc and eight are currently enrolled

10. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme UNU Fellows completing 6 months courses and MSc students 1979-2006

11. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Participation During 1979-2006, 359 scientists and engineers from 40 countries have completed the 6 months specialized courses Thereof 57 ladies (16%) Centraland EastEurope 17% Centraland EastEurope 16% LatinAmerica14 LatinAmerica14 Africa26% Africa26% Asia 44% Asia 4% % %

12. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Fellows of the UNU Geothermal Training Programme in Iceland 1979-2006

13. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme World Geothermal Congress 2005 77 UNU Fellows from 25 countries presented papers

14. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Training of Africans at UNU-GTP First Africans were the Kenyans: Joseph N’gan’ga, Martin Mwangi and Zack Muna in 1982 – all have reached leading positions at KPC/KenGen – 36 Kenyans have since followed in their footsteps and most of them are still active in geothermal In all, 23 Ethiopians have completed 6 months training, the first ones in 1983 – many have left geothermal due to wars or other reasons – however, a good nucleus is still left, at GSE lead by Meseret Teklemariam, the first black lady trained in Iceland, and at EEPCo led by the engineer Merga Tassew Good group is being formed in Uganda with 9 UNU Fellows, most still active, and also in Eritrea

15. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Africans UNU Fellows 1979-2006 GlExBoGlGpExBoGpReEnChTFEnStGeUtDrEnTotal Algeria111 (1)3 (1) Burundi11 Djibouti112 Egypt1111 (1)4 (1) Eritrea2114 Ethiopia3 (1)315315223 (1) Kenya1486 (1)67 (2)3439 (3) Tanzania22 Tunisia156 Uganda311139 Total1010 (1)13215 (1) 8 (2)14 (1)693 (6) Red = ladies

16. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme African MSc UNU Fellows Six E-Africans, out of 9 in total, have completed a MSc degree - Five Kenyans, two in chemistry, and one in each of reservoir engineering, environmental sciences and borehole geology - One Ugandan, in environmental sciences Three E-Africans are currently enrolled, of eight in all; they come from, Kenya two (environmental science & geothermal engineering) and Djibouti (reservoir engineering) We will continue to give Africa a high priority with regards to 6 months training and the MSc studies

17. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme UNU-GTP workshops / short courses Funding by the Government of Iceland as its contribution towards the Millennium Development Goals of the UN to expand the UNU- GTP’s capacity building activities First one was the “Workshop for Decision Makers in Geothermal” held in Kenya in 2005 in cooperation with KenGen - with about 30 participants from the E-Africans countries - ARGeo Second in Kenya - just finished - “Short Course in Surface Exploration on Geothermal Resources” with 24 participants from the 6 ARGeo countries Further courses are scheduled in the next coming years and, hopefully in full cooperation with ARGeo, as initially scheduled, as UNU-GTP has agreed to be responsible for the training component of the ARGeo cooperation programme

18. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Workshop for decision-makers in 2005

19. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Short course in surface geothermal exploration

20. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Aims for 2007-2009 Core activity will continue to be the specialized six months training with about 20 Fellows annually MSc programme will get increased importance with about 10 MSc students per year, i.e. annually accepting 4-6 new ones Travelling short courses will get increased importance, with expansion to other continents – after the start in Africa in 2005, we are now starting in Central America, and aim to start in Asia in 2007, probably in China Possible PhD studies in cooperation with the University of Iceland are in the pipelines – with perhaps 1-2 Fellowships/year Africa will continue to be a major target for UNU-GTP, with the short courses hopefully developing into a regional training centre operated by KenGen under the UNU-GTP umbrella

21. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 1982

22. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 1985

23. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 1993

24. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 1995

25. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 1999

26. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 2001

27. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 2001

28. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 2003

29. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme 2005

30. ORKUSTOFNUN Ethiopia ARGeo C-1 – LSG – 27.11.2006 UNU Geothermal Training Programme Thank you for the attention Class of 2005