1. Africa In the Middle Ages
HOMEWORK CHECK

2. How did the Swahili language develop?
The Portuguese tried to teach their language
This was the language the Quran was written in
Arabic and Bantu cultures mixed
Great Zimbabwe made it the official language

3. Mogadishu Sofala Great Zimbabwe Kilwa
Which city became important because it was as far as ships from India could sail in one season?
Mogadishu
Sofala
Great Zimbabwe
Kilwa

4. How was Great Zimbabwe DIFFERENT from the East African coastal cities?
It was inland
It had a mosque
It was rich
The Portuguese tried to take over it

5. Learning goal and rubric
4. Discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

6. Africa In the Middle Ages
West African Empires

7. songhai As Mali was declining, 1400s
The Songhai people broke away from Mali and started their own empire.
Their armies controlled trade routes.
Sunni Ali (r )
Muslim
Military commander
Captured Timbuktu and Djenne
Made capture of city of Djenne complete by marrying its queen

8. Askia Muhammad (r. 1492-1529) Kicked Sunni Ali’s son out of power
Askia and others felt that Ali’s son didn’t follow Islam correctly.
Askia was a great ruler and ran the government well.
The Songhai were later invaded by Moroccans with better weapons.
Cannons and gunpowder

9. Which one is NOT a reason for the growth of the Songhai empire?
Military conquest
Controlling trade routes
They had guns

10. Fastest Responders (in seconds)
3.84
Caitlyn Colvin
4.4
Jeremy Burke
6.08
Austin Leach
6.79
Brenn Rosenbaum
9.69
Carah Gedeon

11. Why did Askia Muhammad kick Sunni Ali’s son out of power?
He was weak
He was not a good Muslim
Too many taxes
The Berbers paid him to

12. Fastest Responders (in seconds)
1.69
Jonathan Weir
3.15
Laura Munroe
3.39
Jeremy Burke
4.21
Austin Leach
5.1
Michaela Massey

13. Learning goal and rubric
4. Discuss the main ideas about West African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

14. Other West african groups
The Hausa City-States
Spoke the language Hausa
Several small independent cities (Kano, Zaria, Katsina)
Strong rulers had great power over their subjects who farmed
Rich because of the trade routes
Zaria captured and sold slaves from nearby towns

15. Other West african groups
Yoruba States
A collection of small farming city-states
They had kings they thought were like gods
Kings were religious, political, and military leaders
Centered around the city of Ife
1100s-1600s
Oyo was also an important city
The extra food that the farmers grew fed the people in the cities that became artists and craftsmen.

16. Other West african groups
The Kingdom of Benin
A people who lived in the forest
1200s-1500s
1400s: King Ewaure had a strong army
Ewaure also built up the city of Benin. He added:
Walls, a planned city
He also supported art
In the 1480s, the Portuguese came and began to trade and ultimately started the slave trade in the area.

17. How did the Hausa city-states get their name “Hausa”?
The river that was nearby
That was the name of their King
That was the language they spoke

18. The leaders of the Yoruba were thought to be ______________.
weak
Egyptian
gods
giants

19. Built walls Supported Art Planned the city Create a cathedral
Which of the following did Ewaure, King of Benin NOT do to his capital city?
Built walls
Supported Art
Planned the city
Create a cathedral

20. Africa In the Middle Ages
East African City-States and Southern Empires

21. Learning goal and rubric
4. Discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

22. East coast trade cities
By 1100s, people from Central Africa migrated to the east coast
They spoke Bantu
They built towns on the coast and began to trade with Arabs
The mixing of Bantu and Arab cultures created Swahili culture and language
These towns became rich cities because of Indian Ocean trade with Arabs

23. Kilwa and the Portuguese
In 1331, Ibn Battuta wrote about how rich Kilwa was after he visited there. He thought the rich Muslim leaders there were amazing.
Kilwa grew wealthy on trade. It was as far south as a ship from India could go in one season.
Kilwa grew more wealthy when it took over another town, Sofala. This gave them power over gold trading
After 1488, the Portuguese traveled around the Cape of Good Hope and ultimately took over Kilwa and other cities because of their rich trade.

24. Which language is a mixture of bantu and arabic?
Igbo
Yoruba
Kilwa
Swahili

25. Portugal Italy France England
Which European country was the first to enter the Indian Ocean around the southern tip of Africa and take over cities like Kilwa?
Portugal
Italy
France
England

26. Learning goal and rubric
4. Discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

27. Islam and the slave trade
Just like in some of the West African Empires, the rich and powerful were Muslims, but the poor and working class held on to traditional African religious beliefs.
The rich and powerful leaders and merchants became Muslim to have a connection with the people they traded with.
Arab traders bought African slaves from these port cities and sold them in the Middle East, India, and China as household workers and soldiers.
The number of people sold into slavery from Africa between 800 and 1700 was not nearly as many as would be later enslaved by Europeans

28. Great zimbabwe
The gold that was traded by cities on the east coast of Africa came from inland, southern Africa.
By the 1100s, the Shona people had founded a city called Great Zimbabwe.
This city grew rich by controlling the trade routes in the area and it took over other cities
From 1200s to 1400s, the city was very powerful
All that is left today is a bunch of stone walls.

29. The mutapa empire
In 1420, a man named Mutota left Zimbabwe to find a new source of salt. He also founded a city.
He had a powerful army and controlled many neighboring cities.
His empire became known as the Mutapa or “conqueror”. He conquered all of Zimbabwe.
In 1480, his son Matope took control.
The empire became rich from gold and trade.
By Matope’s death, they empire started to fall apart.
In the 1500s, the Portuguese failed at taking over the empire, they slowly gained political control over it though.