1. Animals Presentation
This is an overview of the major Animal groups. It includes some major vocabulary.
You will be assigned one group to research further and do a project on.

2. Concept Map Assignment
On a piece of paper create a concept map of at least 15 bubbles that includes information in this presentation. Animals should be the center or top of your concept map.
For Example:
Animals
Are sorted into two main groups
Vertebrate
Invertebrate

3. Two main groups of animals
Invertebrates- Animals without backbones/spines
Most are smaller because they do not have a backbone.
Exoskeletons- tough outer coverings that do not grow but offer protection.
Exoskeletons have to fall off in order for the organisms to grow…molt.
Vertebrates- Animals with bones and spines
5% of animal species are vertebrates
All have muscles, a digestive system, a respiratory system, a circulatory system and a nervous system with sensory organs.
Endoskeleton- internal support system such as a skeleton made of bone tissue

4. Animal Body Plans and Symmetry
All animals have complex, specialized Body Plans.
Organ Systems, Organs, Tissues that all do specific jobs.
An Animals’ Body Symmetry will tell you a lot about its body plan and systems.
Symmetry is the arrangement of the animal’s body parts.
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
Asymmetrical

5. Radial symmetry
Body parts are arranged in a circle around a central point.
Example: The spokes on a wheel.

6. Bilateral Symmetry
Body parts are arranged in the same way on both sides of its body.
Each ½ is a mirror image of the other.
Example: A Butterfly

8. Asymmetrical Some organisms have no definite shape
There is no way their bodies can be divided into matching halves.
Example: There are many articles of clothing that are asymmetrical.

9. Six types of invertebrates:
Porifera = Sponges
Cnidarians
Echinoderms
Mollusks
Arthropods
Worms

10. Porifera = Sponges
Simplest invertebrate animal on Earth. They live in water and filter food from their environment.

11. Cnidarians
Live in water and have a central opening. Most have stinging cells for protection or catching prey. Examples: Jellyfish, sea anemones, hydra, corals

12. Worms
Invertebrate animals that live in water or on land. They have soft, tube shaped bodies that have a distinctive head.

13. Mollusks
Invertebrate animals that are divided into 3 groups. These animals have strong muscular feet in order to move and capture food. Ex: Clam, Snail, Octopus

14. Echinoderms
Invertebrates with a spiny outer skeleton and central openings to take in food. Ex: Sea urchin, Sea cucumber, Star fish, Sand Dollar

15. Arthropods
Invertebrate animal with a segmented body and exoskeleton. **See All About Arthropods** Ex: Insects crabs millipedes, arachnids.

16. Five groups of vertebrates:
Birds
Reptiles
Mammals
Amphibians
Fish

17. Body Temperatures in Vertebrates
Ectotherm- animals whose body temperatures change with the environment
Ex. Fish, Reptiles, Amphibians
Endotherm- animals that can maintain a constant body temperature.
Ex. Birds, Mammals

18. Reptiles Scaly skin to protect from dry, harsh climate Ectotherm
Young look like little adults
Often active at night
Lay hard-shelled eggs, fertilized internally

19. Amphibians Slimy, wet bodies Ectotherms
Live some part of life cycle in water
Young usually do Metamorphosis
Lay soft-shelled eggs, fertilized externally

20. Birds Birds live in most environments
Most can fly -> special adaptations to fly
Endotherms- have adaptations for staying warm
Have feathers and a beak; 4 limbs: a pair of scaly legs and a pair of wings
Lay hard-shelled eggs

21. Mammals

22. Characteristics of Mammals
Diverse group
All mammals have hair (during some part of their life cycle) and body fat.
Have teeth specialized for consuming particular kinds of food.
All mammals produce milk to feed their young
Give live birth (a couple odd ball exceptions)

23. Fish Most diverse group of vertebrates
Adapted to life in all aquatic environments.
Fish Reproduce Sexually

24. Fish are adapted to living in the water:
swim bladder controls depth at which the fish swims
Streamlined- muscles & fins push the fish through the water
gills remove oxygen from water and in exchange for releasing carbon dioxide
lateral line- which is an organ that allows fish to sense objects or organisms near by.

25. 20, 000 different kinds of fish
Kind of fish
Traits
Examples
Jawless
Tube-like shape, no stomach in their digestive systems.
Lampreys, hagfish
Cartilaginous
Skeletons made of cartilage, feed on small animals
Sharks, rays, skates
Bony
Bodies covered in scales, Skeletons made of bone
Tuna, flounder, goldfish, perch, eels, (most fish you think of)