1. Cody Lawson

2. Vitaceae Genus: Vitis Vinifera Grows on vines Fruiting Berry

3. Geography of Cultivation/Origin 6,000-8,000 years ago from Georgia (country) Gene-mapping of grapes mapped heritage to Georgia First ever wine discovered from Georgia Wild Grapes in North America were part of the diet of Native Americans

4. Morphological Description Can grow in clusters of 15-300 Come in many colors: Green, Purple, Orange, Pink, dark blue, Crimson, and even Black White grapes are actually green in color, derived from the purple grape through mutations Generally an ellipsoid shape About 80% water, until dried to raisins then its 15%

5. Cultivation 75,866 sq km are used in the production of grapes Grapes need full-sun to grow The vines can tolerate almost every soil there is, provided it has proper draining Very drought resistant but susceptible to fungus in the roots if not given water

6. Plant Uses According to FAO, 71% of all production of grapes is for wine, 27% as fresh produce, and 2% is dried Small portion is used for grape juice

7. Top producers of grapes for wine making CountryArea (km²) Spain11,750 France8,640 Italy8,270 Turkey8,120 United States4,150 Iran2,860 Romania2,480 Portugal2,160 Argentina2,080 Chile1,840 Australia1,642 Armenia1,459 Lebanon1,122 Country Productio n in 2009 (Tonnes)Tonnes ‡ Productio n in 2010 (Tonnes)Tonnes ‡ Percentag e of world productio n in 2010 China8,039,0918,651,83112.67% Italy8,242,5007,787,80011.40% United States 6,629,1606,220,3609.11% Spain5,573,4006,107,2008.94% France6,104,3405,848,9608.56% Turkey4,264,7204,255,0006.23% Chile2,500,000(F)2,755,700(I)4.03% Argentina2,181,5702,616,6103.83% India1,878,0002,263,100(I)3.31% Iran2,255,670 3.30% World67,901,744(A)68,311,466(A)100% World grape production and some of the important producers

8. Historical Facts Grapes are used in Catholicism, the wine is used in the partaking of Communion Oldest grape vine is 400 years old Oldest winery was found in Armenia it was 4,000 years old