1. The Dismantling of the Engineering Education Pipeline Amelito Enriquez Kate Disney Erik Dunmire

2. Community Colleges in California represent 33% of the Engineering Pipeline Estimates from CPEC data. CSU CCC UC 41% 23% 33%

3. But the pipeline is in peril Erosion of the lower division core curriculum is causing diminished viability of CC engineering programs Damage to the Engineering Education Pipeline will in turn lead to a substantial reduction in the number and diversity of engineering graduates.

4. Overview Definition of the lower division Core Inconsistency in transfer requirements Impacts to CC Engineering Programs Access to engineering is now more limited Attempted and Proposed Solutions

5. The Core The Core = A Common Set of Lower-Division Courses Required for Transfer to All Majors at All Institutions Courses: Calculus I, II, III, Diff Eqns, Chem IA, IB, Physics IA, IB, IC Engineering: Intro, Graphics, Statics, Materials, Circuits Computer Programming At one time, most institutions required most of the core for engineering students.

6. Gradual Erosion of The Core Increases in specialization New disciplines added Limits on the total units for a degree push discipline specific content into lower division Need for institutional requirements and general education Accreditation requirements allow for greater flexibility

7. Diversity Among Majors (UCB) Calc I, II, III Diff Eq & L.A. Physics I, II Physics III Gen Chem I Gen Chem II Intro Design Graphics Materials Solid Mech Thermo Circuits Intro Progr Adv Progr Data Struct BioengineeringXXXXRR1R1 R1R1 R Bio/MaterialsXXXXRRRR ChemicalXRXXXRRR CivilXXXX1X1 XX1X1 RR4R4 RR ComputationalXXXX3X3 XX3X3 RX3X3 R Electrical/CompXXXXXRRRRRR EnvironmentalXXXX3X3 XX3X3 X3X3 R IndustrialXXXXRR2R2 R2R2 R2R2 R2R2 R2R2 RR ManufacturingXXXXRRRRR MaterialsXXXXXXRRRR MechanicalXXXXRRRRR NuclearXXXXXRRRR R = RecommendedX = Required 1 choose one 2 choose two 3 choose three 4 specialized Civil Materials course only

8. Diversity in Content (Programming) Aero Biochem Biomed Chemical Civil Computer Electrical Envirmtl Industrial Manufrng Materials Mech Nuclear Structural UC Berkeley-99Any910 999999- UC Davis-888888---88-- UC Irvine3-522512--33-- UC Los Angeles2-22222---22-- UC Riverside--22-222--27,8-- UC San Diego2222-412---2-9 UC Santa Barbara---6-41----6-- UC Santa Cruz-----11------- Cal Poly SLO0-7-7226,777 -- CSU Chico----022---0--- CSU Fresno----222----2-- CSU Fullerton----022----1-- CSU LA----3-1----3-- CSU LB2--2222----2-- CSU Sacramento----011----10-- San Diego State0---7227---7-- SF State----222----2-- San Jose State2--024222,4-02-- - Major not offered0. No required course1. C 2. C++ 3. Fortran4. Java5. Python 6. C/MATLAB 7. Excel/MATLAB 8. MATLAB problem-solving focus9. MATLAB programming 10. Other

9. Diversity Among Institutions (Civil) Calc I, II, III Diff Eqns Linear Alg Physics I, II Physics III Gen Chem I Gen Chem II Intro Graphics Materials Strgth Matls Statics Dynamics Circuits Comp/Progr Surveying Geology UC BerkeleyXX2X2 X2X2 XX1X1 XX1X1 R4R4 R6R6 R2R2 R2R2 R7R7 RR UC DavisXXXXXXXXXXXR UC IrvineXRRXRXRR5R5 RRR UCLAXXXXXXXRRR2R2 R2R2 X Cal Poly SLOXX2X2 X2X2 XXXRR5R5 RXRXRXRR CSU ChicoXXXX1X1 XX1X1 X4X4 XXXXXXX1X1 CSU FresnoXXXXXX5X5 XXXXXX CSU FullertonXX2X2 X2X2 XXXXX CSU LAXXXXXXXXXXXXX CSU LBXXXXXX3X3 XX6X6 XXX CSUSXXXXXX1X1 XXXX1X1 X SDSUXXXXX5X5 XXX SF StateXX2X2 X2X2 XXXX3X3 XXXXXXX San Jose StateXXXXXXX4X4 XXXXX R = RecommendedX = Required 1 choose one 2 combined course 3 Careers/soft skills 4 Design 5 specialized Intro to Civil only 6 specialized Civil Materials course only 7 microelectronic circuits

10. Hypothetical Enrollment Scenario Goal:Estimate Engineering Course Enrollments at an Individual Community College Assumptions: 25 total transfer students per year Students take all courses required or recommended for transfer Distributions of majors & universities typical of SF Bay Area Major Distribution: 20% Civil 15% Computer 20% Electrical 30% Mechanical Institution Distribution 20% UCB 20% UCD 20% SFSU 40% SJSU

11. Enrollment Scenario Analysis CivilComputerElectricalMechanical Enrollment UCB UCD SFSU SJSU UCB UCD SFSU SJSU UCB UCD SFSU SJSU UCB UCD SFSU SJSU Intro to Engr XXXXXXXXXXX18 Graphics XXXXXX11 Materials XXXXXXX12 Statics XXXXXX11 Solid Mech XX3 Dynamics XXX4 Circuits Lect XXXXXXXXXXXXXX21 Circuits Lab XXXXXXXXXXX14 Comp Progr XXXXXXXXXXXXXX20 Data Struct XXX3 Thermo X2 Surveying XXX5 BUT…Required course content varies, so this is optimistic!

12. CC Engr Course Enrollments for Statics + Materials + Circuits 06-07 Academic year

13. Domino Effect of Cancelling Engineering Entire core is threatened – Calculus – Differential Equations – Linear Algebra – Physics

14. More than half of students in Calc III, Diff. Eqns., Linear Algebra, Physics 1A, 1B, 1C are estimated to be Engineering Majors

15. Size Distribution of CC Engr Programs in Terms of Annual Transfers to UC & CSU

16. 2008 UC & CSU Bachelor Degrees 33% 41% 23% 47% 56% 30% Collectively the CCs transfer a large number of students

18. Future Impacts Given current trends, … CCs will experience cancellation of courses and programs CC students will experience greater obstacles and no exposure to Engineering Fewer opportunities for students to overcome a mediocre K-12 education UC & CSU Engineering programs will experience declines in: o Number of transfers o Success of transfers o Diversity of graduates

19. Our Engineering Hopefuls

20. Engineering courses occasionally cancelled due to low enrollments

21. Few Engineering Courses offered at the CC

22. More leave because there are not enough opportunities to make up for deficiencies in their high school preparation.

23. More leave major because of increases in cost

24. Engineering program discontinued

25. Physics course-offerings decline, and the few hold-outs are gone.

26. Possible Solutions Program-to-Program articulation Regional standardization A redesigned engineering core Add CC feedback into the accreditation process

27. Afternoon Workshop Bring your perspective Ideas