2. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Accessibility and Course Management Systems Marsha Allen – CTRS, Web Manager Center for Assistive Technology & Environmental Access (CATEA) College of Architecture, Georgia Tech 404-894-4960 (voice/tty)404-894-9320 (fax) gradeproject@coa.gatech.edu

3. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Sponsored By (GRADE) Georgia Tech Research on Accessible Distance Education  Training and Research  Fact Sheets & Technical assistance  Accessible Course Models  Guidelines for Accessible Online Materials www.catea.org/grade/ Office of Post Secondary Education (OPE), U.S. Dept. of Education, Grant #P333A020050.

4. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Accesselearning 1.Disabilities 2.Access Plan 3.PowerPoint 4.Video 5.Flash 6.Word 7.Excel 8.PDF 9.HTML 10.Script/Java www.accesselearning.net

5. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Southeast Disability and Business Technical Assistance Center  One of 10 regional centers funded by NIDRR, U.S. Dept of Education.  Technical assistance and training on ADA and Accessible IT in Education. Contact Your Regional ADA & IT Center 800-949-4232 (v/tty) www.adata.org 800-949-4232(v/tty) 404-385-0641(fax) www.sedbtac.org

6. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Objectives  Identify 3 barriers in a course management system.  Describe 2 techniques for creating and posting accessible content in a course management system.  State 3 resources on accessibility in course management systems.

7. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. NEWS FLASH …  WebCT and Blackboard signed a formal agreement expressing intent to merge companies.  Merger to be finalized later this year or early next year, subject to regulatory and other approvals.  Combined company will be named Blackboard and led by Blackboard President and CEO, Michael Chasen.

8. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. What is Disability?  Hidden  Blind/Low Vision  Deaf/Hard of Hearing  Physical/Mobility  Cognitive  Neurological  Learning Disability  Head/Brain Injury  Psychiatric  Health/Medical  Environment  Technology  Temporarily able-bodied  Attitudes are the real disability: people first!

9. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Students with Disabilities in K-12  1 in 12 (5.2 million) in U.S. have disability.  2x special education vs. overall school enrollment.  Percentage graduating from high school with diploma has risen steadily in recent years. Source: US Census, 2000

10. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Students with Disabilities in Higher Education  9% (1.3 million) college freshmen with disability; tripled over the last 20 years. Source: American Council on Education, 2004  Disability 1 st identified in postsecondary level:  31% Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) Source: NCSPES, 2002  44% Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) Source: NCD People with Disabilities & Postsecondary Ed, 2003

11. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Disability and Computer Access  49% Internet changed lives.  Spend 2x as many hours online and using email.  Over 50% owners use for educational applications.  Largest niche of online buyers, i.e. Silver Surfer

12. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. “Universal design of instructional materials and activities makes the learning goals achievable by individuals with wide differences in their abilities to see, hear, speak, move, read, write, understand English, attend, organize, engage, and remember. This is built into the design and systems and not added on after-the-fact.” Source: Council for Exceptional Children

13. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Business Case for Accessibility: Better Usability  What is required for access by users with disabilities improves flexibility for all users:  Well-organized content oScreen readers rely and improves readability.  Proper structure and adjustable font size oScreen magnifiers to reflow text and flexible varying screens.  Keyboard shortcuts oUsers without mouse and increased productivity.

14. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Business Case for Accessibility: Better Usability  Usability redesign: 100% increase sales/conversion.  Captioning helps language and learning.  Compatibility across technology versions.  More effective from start vs. scramble-fix.  Decreased download time.

15. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Business Case for Accessibility: Make/Save $$$  More people using site; tap into affluent niches  i.e. Baby Boomers, PDAs, phones.  Positive, free publicity  Socially responsible; standards compliance.  Easier to manage  Separate content from presentation.  Avoid time, cost, and stress to retrofit later.  Avoid potential litigation.

16. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. NEWS FLASH …  U.S. Office for Civil Rights (OCR) recently received complaints from 3 students concerning access to higher education courses.  Two complaints relate to distance learning courses offered by two on-line Universities:  Walden University: accessibility of Blackboard platform.  Capella University: access to WebCT.

17. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Laws and Standards for Accessibility  Federal Law  Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act  Americans with Disabilities Act  Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act  State Laws on Accessibility (list from ITTATC Project) www.ittatc.org/laws/state_prototype.php State Laws on Accessibility (list from ITTATC Project)  Standards and Guidelines  W3C World Wide Web Consortium Guidelines W3C World Wide Web Consortium Guidelines www.w3c.org  IMS Guidelines for Accessible Learning Applications www.imsglobal.org/accessibility/accessiblevers/ IMS Guidelines for Accessible Learning Applications

18. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act  Different chapters, titles, sections etc.  Title 29, Chapter 16, Section 794  504: Nondiscrimination under Federal grants and programs 504: Nondiscrimination under Federal grants and programs www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/29/794.html  504: Findings and purposes 504: Findings and purposes oNeeds for AT to help those with disabilities access information. oInformation (electronic) needs to be accessible so AT will work. www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/29/3001.html

19. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Americans with Disabilities Act  Passed 1990 before Internet.  Title II  Applies to any local, state, and public organizations as well its activities, services, and programs.  Effective communication applies to Internet per Department of Justice. www.adabasics.org

20. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. W3C: World Wide Web Consortium Guidelines  Global, industry-based initiative  Voluntary compliance  Web Content, User Agent, Authoring Tools, etc. www.w3c.org

21. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act  Federal departments must:  Accommodate employees with disabilities.  Design accessible websites.  Procure accessible information technology.  Interpreted applicable to state entities, including public colleges and universities. www.section508.gov

22. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. If Section 508 adopted as policy …  For 504: likely demonstrate ”nondiscrimination and AT access” requirement.  For ADA: likely demonstrate compliance with “effective communication” requirement.  For W3C WCAG: likely meet minimum Level A, Priority 1 of which 508 was based.

23. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Access Guidelines for Distance Learning  Developed by GRADE Project and MERLOT  Format: Must, Should, May  PDF Files  Excel Documents  Flash Applications  PowerPoint Files  Video and Media  Word Documents www.catea.org/grade/guides/introduction.php

24. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Barriers to Access in Course Management Systems  Generally occur when CMS or posted materials are not designed to interact with assistive technology.

25. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. What is Assistive Technology (AT)?  Assists a person with a disability in performing a task that most people can do without such technology. www.assistivetech.net

26. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Barriers in WebCT  Lack of tutorial on using WebCT with AT.  Frames-based interface.  Inaccessible tools such as Chat, Whiteboard, etc.  Pop-up windows and content in new windows.  Adding images but no option for alternative text.  Close placement of elements difficult.

27. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Considerations in Breaking Down Barriers for Students with Disabilities

28. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Frames in WebCT  Each as separate web page makes difficult for screenreaders and refreshable Braille displays to access.  Examples of Frames:  Inaccessible Frames: Yours is a Very Bad Hotel www.hyperorg.com/misc/DoubleTreeShow_files/frame.html Inaccessible Frames: Yours is a Very Bad Hotel  Accessible Frames: University of Washington Accessible Frames: University of Washington owww.washington.edu/accessit/AU/phys101a.html

29. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Mouse Only Commands  Inaccessible to users not using a mouse due to disability or environment:  PDA  Cell-phone  Other mobile and web-enabled devices  Keyboard  One-hand, hands-free

30. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Timed Responses  Affects users who need extra time for reading and writing:  Physical or cognitive disabilities  Slow connection  English as second language  Difficulty or unable to effectively participate in “chat” as pace too fast.  Inform user and offer option for extended time. ** In WebCT, adjust time for class but not individual student.

31. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. WebCT and Physical Impairment  Login through Opera to use header navigation and list of links.  Browser not supported message.  If try to use anyway, cannot access all links.  Must use another browser which unfamiliar and less efficient plus may require download/install == more time.

32. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Readability, Context, & Alternate Format  Aoccdrnig to a rscheearchr at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a tatol mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit porbeslm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh!  Cluttered, poorly organized, and inconsistent screen layouts decrease comprehension for students who have difficulty reading, writing, and processing information as well as screenreader users.

33. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. WebCT and Learning Disability  Difficulty in reading commonly results in accommodation of more time for tests.  Unable to readily adjust and apply time settings for individual students or course material.

34. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Screenreaders and Text-to-Speech Software  Comprehension affected by content structure and reading order of technology as well as need for alternative text descriptions for visual materials, graphics, and media.

35. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA.  Screenreaders  Get  Information  One  Word  At AA  Time Hearing is Seeing …  And  By  Viewing  Links  Or  Headings  In  Page. Click here Document Here Download

36. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Reading Order of Tables Screenreadersread informationacrosstables in alinearway therebymakingit difficulttounderstand informationcontainedin tables.

37. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Example of Screenreader View of Table There is a 30% chance of rain showers this morning, but they should stop before the weekend. Classes at the University of Wisconsin will resume on September 3rd.  “There is a 30% chance of Classes at the University of rain showers this morning, Wisconsin will resume on but they should stop before September 3rd. the weekend.”

38. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Operating System Access Features  Accessibility Wizard  High Contrast  ShowSounds  Serial Keys  Mouse Keys  Keyboard:  Sticky, Bounce, Slow, Repeat

39. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. WebCT and Visual Impairment  Login using IE with high contrast settings.  Lack of carryover for high contrast settings.  Need to “ignore” styles in browser accessibility options  Inconsistent application of user preferred size and color.  Lack of heading information for user orientation (since visual styling used).

40. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. WebCT and Visual Impairment  Teaching assistant using screenreader cannot easily navigate.  Frames with scrolling windows  Fixed heading size.  Result in more time and errors, esp. GRADE Book.  Tables lack id and association of header to data cells.

41. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Blackboard and Visual Impairment  Difficulty with login and navigation  Provide “alt-text” for buttons and images.  Make links distinct.  Posted materials not accessible.  Make accessible webpage.  Provide in text or accessible Word document.  Difficulty with digital drop-box to submit work  Allow student to email.

42. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Code for Alt-text of Images Federal Court Concepts Images  Alternative-text (alt-text) #1 solution  Provide same info by context 1. 2. 3. Letter entering mailbox Mail Mailbox

43. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. No alt-text = no understanding kwajex.gif (45k)

44. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Alt-text of Images  When adding images in CMS, lack option for alternative text.  May need to edit code: Federal Court Concepts

45. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Magnification Software and CCTV  Result in viewing small portion of screen.  Cluttered webpages and inconsistent formats make navigation and comprehension difficult.

46. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. In general, magnification and high levels of illumination will assist in reading and other near vision tasks. Seeing Through Others Eyes … Photos courtesy of National Eye Institute http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm Macular Degeneration

47. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Age related cataracts are often yellow or brown causing loss of sensitivity to blue. Cataracts Photos courtesy of National Eye Institute http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm

48. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. This is the largest single cause of visual impairment among those of working age. Diabetic Retinopathy Photos courtesy of National Eye Institute http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm

49. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Tunnel Vision This impairment often makes it possible to read small print but not large print. Photos courtesy of National Eye Institute http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/sims/sims.htm

50. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. 20/200 Legally Blind View of Software

51. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Aging/Cataract View of Software

52. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Color and Contrast  Use color to highlight focus, increase aesthetic appeal.  Ensure color alone is not required to ensure access for students who are color-blind, or in environment where color is comprised. Bad: Information in red is required. Push the green button to start. Good: *Required information in red with asterisk.

53. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Use high contrast between text and background High Contrast Very Low Contrast High Contrast Low Contrast

54. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Avoid distracting backgrounds Read this text against a highly-colored psychedelic background

55. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Results of Color Testing Using Vischeck.com Original Image Blue/Yellow Color BlindRed/Green Color Blind

56. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Results of Color Testing  Red/green color blindness  Blue/yellow color blindness

57. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Animation Flicker Rate  Flashing images annoying.  Can cause seizures for users with photosensitive epilepsy.  Seizures can occur if exposed to flashing images between 4 to 59 hertz (flashes per second).

58. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. On the Blink: Test the Animation/Flicker  If you do not have photosensitive epilepsy, example of flickering rate: www.cinema.ucla.edu/strobe/ If you do not have photosensitive epilepsy, example of flickering rate  Illustration of flickering standards: http://ncam.wgbh.org/richmedia/media/flicker_demo.html Illustration of flickering standards  Use AIS Web Accessiblity Toolbar (under Images)

59. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Captioning Audio and Video Content  Types  Closed - Open - Real time  Benefits:  Students who are deaf or hard of hearing  English as second-language.  Different learning styles.  Quiet/noise-free, shared environments.  Searchable, printable, and markable reference.

60. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Captioning Tools  Common, free software:  Windows Media On-Demand Producer (WMODP).  Media Access Generator (MAGpie)  File formats need certain software to play or edit:  MOV files (Quicktime)  RM files (Real Player)  ASF and WMV files (Windows Media Player)  MPG and AVI files playable by most

61. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Audio Description (AD)  Verbal description of key visual elements in media inserted into natural pauses in audio of the media.  Used by individuals who are blind or visually impaired.  Types: Closed - Open - Real time  AKA “Descriptive video, video description”

62. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Barriers Beyond the Web … Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and PDF files  Avoid built-in “Save as Webpage” = JUNKY!  Multiple columns.  Lack of structure which AT relies upon.  Lack of textual equivalent for images, media.  Lack of software to view the document. 

63. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Illinois Accessible Web Publishing Wizard for Microsoft Office  Converts Word, PowerPoint and Excel files to accessible, valid webpages with style sheet.  Guided interface that automates most of the conversion.  Adds “Save As Accessible Web Page” option under File menu of all Office applications. http://cita.rehab.uiuc.edu/software/office/index.html

64. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Testing and Evaluation  Print with images OFF and black/white to reveal issues like contrast, distractions, print settings.  Navigate without a mouse (keyboard only).  Check the load time.  Use screenreader or voice-enabled tool.  IBM Home Page Reader IBM Home Page Reader www-306.ibm.com/able/dwnlds/index.html  User testing

65. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Barriers in WebCT  Accessibility and WebCT by Joe Wheaton, Ph.D. Accessibility and WebCT by Joe Wheaton, Ph.D. Associate Professor Rehabilitation Services, Ohio State University, Co-Director Web Accessibility Center and Certified WebCT Trainer. www.wac.ohio-state.edu/tutorials/webct/index.html

66. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Assuring CMS Courses are Accessible  Consider diversity of students and instructors for age, language, learning style, and abilities.  Check web pages are designed to be accessible.  Consider how teachers and students will interact.  Check accesssibility of video and audio content.  Make all content beyond webpages accessible.

67. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Tips to Improve WebCT Accessibility 1.Provide instructions for users of AT. 2.Avoid using Chat and Whiteboard for giving vital course material. 3.Have all tools open in “Same Window” when given option. 4.Don’t use icons or paste the source in the title field. 5.Provide text alternative for all self-test and feedback.

68. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Tips to Improve WebCT Accessibility 6.Deliver all questions one at a time with ability to revist or make copy with alternate settings. 7.Use Discussion tools with as much division by topic. 8.Add Search, myGRADES, myProgress, and Glossary to Home page. 9.Be certain each link is Course Menu on left also available on home page or organizer.

69. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. Tips to Improve Usability and Accessibility 1.Proper links, labelled individually. 2.Clear navigation mechanisms. 3.Logically structured page layouts. 4.Clear color contrast. 5.Reasonably-sized, adjustable text. 6.Straight-forward language. 7.Resources For More Info on CMS Access (Word)Resources For More Info on CMS Access (Word)

70. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA.  Redefine true accessibility to be a state of … UNIVERSAL DESIGN. THINK Challenge To You …

71. Developed by CATEA with funding from U.S Dept of Education Grant # P33A020050 © 2005 All Rights Reserved, Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, GA. ?Questions and Comments! Marsha Allen, Web Developer marsha.allen@coa.gatech.edu Robert Todd, Project Director robert.todd@coa.gatech.edu Center for Assistive Technology & Environmental Access Georgia Tech, College of Architecture 490 Tenth Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30318 404-894-4960 (v/tty) 404-894-9320(fax) www.catea.org/grade/ www.catea.org/grade/ gradeproject@coa.gatech.edu