1. Notes for test review

2. Natives in Brazil, Peru, and Argentina were conquered and colonized by European nations.

3. Renewable resource – a resource that can be regenerated examples: fresh water, plants and animals, fertile soil, timber

4. Nonrenewable resource – a resource that cannot be replaced once it is used examples: fossil fuels-coal, oil, natural gas

5. Issues that arise when factors of production are in short supply example: capital (money) countries remain underdeveloped Shortages of capital caused a run on the banks in Argentina in the early 2000s. This led to a huge economic crisis.

6. Limited & Unlimited Governments: Limited government is led by the citizens and everyone, including all authority figures, must obey the law. Most South American countries have a limited government. Brazil, Peru, and Argentina all have a limited government.

7. In unlimited governments, control is placed solely with the ruler and his/her appointees, and there are NO limits placed on his/her authority. Argentina’s Dirty War (1976-1983) and Brazil’s military dictatorship (1964-85) are two examples of unlimited government in South America’s past. Brazil, Argentina, and Peru are currently democratic republics and have limited governments.

8. One reason for limiting the power of government is to prevent human abuses. Torture was common in dictatorship period. Mothers of the Disappeared brought this to light in Argentina.

9. Rule by one – monarchy or dictatorship A single ruler controls the government-unlimited government Rule by few – a small group has the power – oligarchy Government with rule by few also occurs when a group of people seize power after an overthrow of the previous government. The new rulers make up what is called a junta. unlimited government Rule by many – people have the power-limited government A government ruled by many is a republic or a democracy. Current day Brazil, Peru, and Argentina fall in this category.

10. RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES OF CITIZENS RESPONSIBILITIES – voting, obeying laws, paying taxes, serving on juries, serving in the military, volunteering RIGHTS – life, liberty, pursuit of happiness, unalienable rights, freedom, equal opportunity, privacy

11. Culture region – a way of dividing the world into areas that a particular form of government, religion, economic system, language, or traditions dominate