1. Donna Toscano Larios Our Lady Queen of Martyrs School donnalarios@gmail.com

2. Steps of the Public Policy Analysis (PPA) 1. Define the Problem 2. Gather the Evidence 3. Identify Causes 4. Examine Existing Policy 5. Develop Solutions 6. Select the Best Solution

3. What is bullying?

4. Bullying is : Define the Problem to treat abusively to affect by means of force or coercion to use browbeating language or behavior Synonyms: brutalize, abuse, ill-treat, ill-use, kick around, maltreat, manhandle, mess over [slang], mishandle, mistreat, misusebrutalizeabuseill-treatill-usekick aroundmaltreatmanhandlemess overmishandlemistreatmisuse

5. Gather the Evidence: Class Survey 1. Have you ever been bullied? 2. Have you ever seen anyone else being bullied? 3. How did you distinguish it as bullying? 4. What did you do about it? Class Activity

6. Types of bullying: physical attacks (for example, shoving into lockers, punching or kicking) verbal attacks (calling names, making cruel remarks or “making fun” of someone) social attacks (spreading rumors, sabotaging friendships or deliberately excluding others)online attacks, or Cyber-bullying (texting, emailing or posting on a website anything that is cruel, untrue or otherwise harmful about a person

7. Identify the Causes: Possible causes for bullying behavior: Causes

8. Environmental Factors Home Violence is accepted and used as a means for solving disputes is one that helps raise bullies. Homes in which bullies live will most likely be: Homes that are void of consistent adult supervision. Homes that people hostile to each other. Homes that are supportive of aggression as a way of solving conflicts. In neighborhoods where violence is commonplace. Run by adults who model bully behavior (either consciously or not).

9. Environmental Factors (continued) School More than 80% of students report being the victim of bullying at school. Students forced into competition and social interactions tend to polarize into groups. Grouping can lead to feelings of acceptance or non-acceptance, and breed bullying behavior. Schools which have no clear definition, policy and plan for bullies tend to contribute to the problem.

10. Environmental Factors (continued) Community Communities that: are crowded because of poor housing conditions. have a greater number of impoverished families. have few or no positive recreational opportunities for kids. have few or no positive connections with police or city resources. allow gangs to be the primary influence of children in the streets.

11. Personal Risk Factors Young bullies are usually children: without adequate supervision. who were once victims of other bullies. who are without positive role models. who are fascinated or obsessed with video violence (i.e. television, video games, etc.). whose physical or psychological attributes allow them to dominate other children.

12. Develop Solutions: Solutions for Bullying If you are being bullied: tell them to stop, get away from the situation, and tell a trusted adult. If you see someone being bullied, get involved: Tell the person to stop, get a trusted adult, reach out and be friends. In Your School: Learn and help train all adults and youth on how to recognize and respond to bullying. With Others Who Care: Start an Anti-bullying Club where youth lead in finding solutions. In Your School and the Entire Community: Create an identity- safe climate where all people are respected. Solutions:

13. Resources http://www.tolerance.org/lesson/editorial-cartoon- bullying http://www.tolerance.org/lesson/editorial-cartoon- bullying http://www.childrenshospital.org/health- topics/conditions/bullying http://www.childrenshospital.org/health- topics/conditions/bullying https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2F www.catholicdos.org%2Ffile%2FWhatCausesBulliesPe ggy5-2011.pdf https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2F www.catholicdos.org%2Ffile%2FWhatCausesBulliesPe ggy5-2011.pdf http://www.niot.org/node/6060