1. Rocks and Minerals Power point study guide

2. What is a mineral? A natural solid that has its particles arranged in a crystal pattern. Example: quartz

3. What is the luster of a mineral? A minerals surface when light is reflect off it.

4. What is the rock cycle? It is the Earth’s pattern of slow changes in rocks from one kind to another.

5. What is a sedimentary rock? This rock forms when pieces of various rocks are deposited over time and are squeezed and stuck together with clay.

6. What is a streak test? When you rub a mineral against a white tile, the minerals leaves a colored powder behind.

7. What is a rock? A rock is material made up of one or more minerals. Granite is made up of mica, quartz, and feldspar

8. What is a metamorphic rock? A rock that has been changed by high heat and great pressure. Limestone is a sedimentary rock that changes into….. Marble when exposed to heat and pressure.

9. What is an igneous rock? A rock that forms from hot magma or lava. obsidian granite pumice

10. What is the hardness test of a mineral? The mineral’s ability to resist being scratched.

11. Which mineral is the hardest, gypsum, talc, topaz, calcite? Topaz

12. Which of the following minerals can fluorite scratch? Talc, gypsum, calcite

13. Which of the following minerals can scratch corundum? diamond

14. If a penny has a hardness of 3 and glass has a hardness of 6, what minerals could be scratched by glass but not by a penny? Fluorite, apatite

15. What type of rock has pieces of seashells in it? Sedimentary, Limestone

16. What mineral is table salt? Halite

17. Why is pumice lighter than obsidian? Pumice is formed from lava with gases in it. When the lava cools, the gas bubbles pop leaving many holes. Obsidian is formed from lava that erupts violently and cool quickly.

18. How is a rock different than a mineral? A mineral is one pure substance and a rock is made up of many minerals. Minerals have crystal shapes.

19. Why wouldn’t you find a fossil in metamorphic rock or igneous rock? Igneous rocks form from magma or lava which would not have living things in them; Metamorphic rock form from heat and pressure where no living things would live. Only sedimentary rock form on ocean or lake bottoms where living things may have died and settled.