1. WORLD WAR II
11.7 – Students analyze America’s participation in World War II
1939 – 1945
11.7 Students analyze America’s participation in World War II

2. Major Events Before WWII
Most of Europe having economic problems.
Treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for WWI; made to pay $33bil.
Soon the Great Depression in the U.S. spread to the rest of the world.
People in various European nations lost faith in Democratic Govt. – lead to the rise of Dictators.
Military Expansion
– Students will examine the origins of American involvement in the war, with an emphasis on the events that precipitated the attack on Pearl Harbor.
1918 WWI ended. Many families lost their jobs and homes the men of the family who would work died in the war
Germany blamed and paid $33 billion dollars in reparations paid to the allies/then forced to give up crucial land rich with natural resources
¼ of Americans out of work. Similar in countries around the world
Strong men making promises to desperate people/next we will examine who these dictators were
Opportunity/Countries that had few resources invaded countries with a lot of resources
Questions:
What events lead to the second World War?
How do you think payment of reparations affected Germany?
Could you imagine what it would be like to have 25% of the people out of work?
Who can tell me what a dictator is?
What are resources?
Major Events Before WWII
Students will examine the origins of American involvement in the war, with an emphasis on the events that precipitated the attack on Pearl Harbor.

3. Dictators Adolf Hitler – National Socialist Party (Nazi)
A leader of the Nazi Party
Appointed Chancellor in 1933 and quickly became Dictator/known as the “Fuhrer” or Leader
Blamed Treaty of Versailles and Jews for Germany’s problems
Believed Germans were the “Master Race”
Economic problems helped with the rise of the Nazi Party in Germany
outlawed other political parties including Democracy and arrested opponents
Felt it was unfair that Germany had to pay reparations & territory/immediately began to rebuild Germany’s armed forces and in 1934 men of the German armed forces swore allegiance to him instead of the state.
German people were better than other ethnic groups/began persecution of Jews
Questions
How do you think the people of Germany felt about Hitler’s view s in 1933?
What do you think about Hitler’s “master race” theory?
Dictators

4. Dictators Benito Mussolini - Fascist Leader of the Fascist Party
1922 Enough support to have the King name him as prime minister of the government
Also known as “Il Duce” or The Leader
Overthrown in 1943 and executed in 1945
Fascism is a political system with a strong leader who is the chief source of law and order and who encourages feelings of nationalism/what other type of leader does that sound like?
Once the King named him head of Government, he assumed the role of Dictator and outlawed all other political parties
Overthrown in 1943 caught in 1945 trying to sneak out of Italy and was executed
Dictators

5. Dictators Joseph Stalin - Communists
In 1924 seized power in Soviet Union/Russia by eliminating his political enemies
Stalin placed farms and businesses under government control
Turned Soviet Union into a totalitarian state
Originally signed peace treaties with Germany and Japan
Stalin took control of the Soviet Union after communists leader Vladimir Lenin died in 1924
Stalin was a brutal man. Killed anyone he thought was a threat to his power.
He took away many of the peoples basic rights/Forced to work: government farms or labor camps
Signed non-aggression treaty – they would not attack each other
Questions
What is communism? Holding of all property in common, classless system
Does anyone know what a totalitarian state is?
Totalitarian state is when government has complete control of peoples lives
2. Could the previous dictators be considered leaders of totalitarian states?
Dictators

6. Military Expansion Japan/Germany/Italy
During the 1930s the totalitarian governments of Europe were focusing on developing their military strength, and so was Japan.
Japan/Germany/Italy

7. Reasons for Expansion Small group of islands Short on resources
Japan
Small group of islands
Short on resources
World wide economic depression affected the peoples faith in Democratic government
Looked towards the military for leadership
START WITH QUESTION:
Who can tell me something about Japan that might make them want to expand their territory?
Reasons for Expansion

8. Reasons for Expansion Germany Marched into Austria and took it over
Demanded possession of northwestern Czechoslovakia because 3 mill. Germans lived there
Britain and France chose a policy of appeasement
Invaded Poland in 1939
What would make Germany want to expand?
-Have students think about what they learned about Hitler.
In 1938 the Austrian people welcomed Adolf Hitler
Czechoslovakian government refused and asked Britain and France for help
Britain and France allowed Hitler to take the territory as long as Hitler seized no more lands
Seized the rest of Czechoslovakia then invaded Poland
Questions
What is appeasement? Giving in to demands in order to avoid conflict.
What do you think Hitler did after he took the territory in Czechoslovakia?
Reasons for Expansion

9. Reasons For Expansion Invaded Ethiopia in North Africa in 1935
Italy
Invaded Ethiopia in North Africa in 1935
Mussolini dreamed of restoring the Roman Empire
Roman Empire was one of the greatest in history; Mussolini wanted to restore as much as he could
Wanted to expand existing colonies in North Africa
Reasons For Expansion

10. World War ii The war begins…
1. After the invasion of Poland, Britain and France declare war on Germany
The war begins…

11. War in Europe Allies unprepared/Dunkirk
Thought fighting was going to be like WWI
Germany used new strategy called blitzgrieg
Most of Europe quickly fell to the Axis Powers
German advance was very fast approximately 100,00o troops rescued
What is Blitzgrieg? Combination of land and air units in a lighting fast attack.
A major player, France, unprepared and surrendered very fast
Axis powers were Germany, Italy, and Japan. They controlled most of Europe by 1940
War in Europe

12. Battle of Britain
Britain stands alone…

13. Battle of Britain By 1940 most of Europe under Axis control
Attacked civilian targets on purpose
Battle of Britain was a 5 month long air war
Britain Asks the U.S. to enter the war
Hitler turn his attention to Britain. His plan was to weaken Britain through air raids and then invade
Notice the fighter bases are closer to the shore than the bomber bases. Can anyone tell me why?
By attacking the civilian population, Hitler thought it would demoralize them and make them pressure their government to give up
Britain held off the German onslaught
During the Battle of Britain, Winston Churchill asks American President Franklin D. Roosevelt to enter the war
Battle of Britain

14. Although unsuccessful in Britain, Axis powers very successful in Europe
Hitler next turned his sights east to Russia
Surprise attack on Russia in 1941
Russia enters the war against Germany
The British air force was successful at fighting off many German bombing attacks
Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Greece fell under Axis occupation
Remember that Russia and Germany had signed non-aggression pact. This in fact was just to buy time for Hitler so he wouldn’t have to fight on two fronts.
Sent 3 million men to invade Russia
Soviet Union/Russia enter war on side of Allies/The Big 3
Europe Falls

15. U.S.A
In 1940 most Americans did not want to get involved in European affairs
Lend-Lease Act
Two U.S. ships sunk by German U-boats
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor 1941 and the U.S. enters war
President Roosevelt did fear the actions of the dictators and their threat to Democratic ideals. Neutrality Act. What do you think the Neutrality Act is?
U.S. still would not enter the war, but instead gave aid to the allies (tanks, planes, ships, etc.)
What is a U-boat
German submarines started preying on U.S. shipping to Britain
Not until Japan made a devastating raid on the U.S. fleet in Hawaii in December 1941 did the U.S. enter the war.
The United States

16. Diagram showing how the ships were actually anchored
Diagram showing how the ships were actually anchored. Attacked docks and airfields
Actual picture of Battleship Row
Famous USS Arizona
Arizona memorial in Hawaii
Pearl Harbor Bombed!