1. Topic C3 Superstructures - roofs

3. Flat roof pros and cons Flat Roofing – Advantages Good for smaller structures, such as garages and extensions. Flat roofing is generally cheaper to construct as it involves less materials and labour than a pitched roof. Fast construction - can usually be completed in a single day. Flat Roofing – Disadvantages Lifespan for a felt flat roof is only 20 years. Having to maintain and eventually replace this type of roof can be off- putting. Aesthetics Flat roofs generally don’t look as visually pleasing as a pitched roof.

4. Pitched roof pros and cons Pitched Roofing – Advantages Loft Space - can provide usable space in the loft area. Lifespan - much longer than a flat roof, because materials are more durable and weather resistant. Warmer than a flat roof - rooms under a flat roof can be cold as they are not as well insulated. Aesthetics Pitched roof buildings blended in with surroundings better than a flat roof. Pitched Roofing – Disadvantages Expense - more complex design, additional building materials and extra labour costs significantly more than a flat roof. Foundations Pitched roofs are heavier than flat roofs so they place a greater burden on the foundations of the building.

10. Sketch a diagram of a cross section through a timber flat roof construction form. You should annotate your diagram.

13. Rain water goods 1. Gutter: up to 3m lengths, must slope gently downwards. 2. Gutter Union Bracket: Connects two gutter pieces 3. 90° Gutter Angle: Allows guttering to go around a corner. 4. Stop End Outlet: Sits at the end of a run of guttering and lets water out to the downpipe. 5. Hopper: Funnel-shaped rainwater collector that diverts to a downpipe. 6. Downpipe: Available in lengths up to 2.5m, it lets water run down to the shoe. 7. Downpipe Bracket: fixes a downpipe to the wall.. 8. Shoe: Fitted at the base of the downpipe to discharge water away from the wall, into a drain.

14. Fascia, soffit and bargeboards Fascias and bargeboards are usually made of timber but can be plastic or even made from aluminium. Guttering is typically made of plastic but can also be aluminium or cast iron The horizontal "fascia board" which caps the end of rafters outside a building may be used to hold the rain gutter. The finished surface below the fascia and rafters is called the soffit or eaves.raftersrain gutter soffiteave