1. Camera Functions Shooting Mode ISO (film’s sensitivity to light) Meter (measures light in a scene and calculates proper exposure) Aperture ( controls the intensity of light ) Shutter speed (controls the amount of time light exposes film for )

2. Shooting Modes Professional modes: Manual Aperture Shutter Program Auto Portrait Landscape Sport (action) Night

3. Slow Shutter Foliage Snow Beach Fireworks Indoor

4. Additional shooting modes: Portrait: main subject in focus, blurred background Night Portrait: flash activated, show shutter to expose bkgd Beach/Snow: Bright light fools meter, will “close down” for detail Landscape: no flash, distance focus Sunset: no flash, silhouette, slow shutter Closeup/macro: focus very close to lens, use tripod Backlight: flash activated to “fill in foreground” Off: turns off all settings for manual adjustments

5. ISO Film ISO speed = is the number that indicates the film’s (Camera light sensor CCD) sensitivity to light. You must set the ISO on your camera.

6. ISO: (film’s sensitivity to light) The higher the number, the more sensitive or ‘faster’ the film; the lower the number, the ‘slower’ the film.

7. Full ISO’s ISO ISO 100 200 400 800

8. Full ISO’s either double or half as you move from one to the other 1/2X - 2X Ex – ISO200 is twice as fast or twice as light sensitive as ISO100. Similarly, ISO200 is half as fast or half as light sensitive as ISO100. ISOISOISOISO 100200400800

9. ISO (film’s sensitivity to light) ISO 50 / ISO 100: Bright Sun, Portrait Mode, Beach, Snow, Indoor Flash ISO 200 / ISO400: Cloudy Day, Sports, Fast Shutter Speeds Bright Sun, Landscape ISO 400 + : Low Light, Indoor Without a Flash, Night, Fast Shutter Speeds During Cloudy Day

10. Meter The meter measures the amount of light in the scene and calculates the best exposure value. Most 35mm cameras have exposure meters built into them. Some in-camera meters set exposure automatically, but we can override this function and set the meter ourselves using the apertures and shutter speed. All in-camera meters are reflective – measure the light reflected by the subject. A second type of meter is incident – measure the light falling on the subject.

11. Meter Most DSLR camera meters are the averaging type, reading the entire picture area.

12. Meter Evaluative (Matrix) Evaluates entire picture frame and takes an average of multiple zones throughout scene Center Weighted Averages the exposure of entire frame but gives extra weight to the center to 18 degrees out Spot Meters subject in center (or at selected AF point;) only “spot” 3 degrees from center will be metered and ignoring rest of frame. (best for backlighting, macro, moon)

13. METERING: Make sure your AF sensor is placed on main subject for the exposure reading; especially in areas with high contrast (areas of blacks and whites)

15. Drive Mode Single Shot Press on the shutter release button and takes one picture Continuous Press on the shutter release button and it takes continuous pictures until you release the button Self Timer Press on the shutter release button and the camera has a delay until the picture is taken.

16. Image Exposure

17. Exposure Exposure = Intensity of Light (X) Time Intensity = is controlled by the aperture (f/stop) of the camera’s lens Time = is controlled by the shutter (shutter speeds) on the camera ISO = film’s sensitivity to light

18. Unit Of Measurement The unit of measurement used to measure light is called a “ Stop ”. Some Cameras use 1/3 stop increments, but we will be using FULL Fstops

19. f/stops in 1/3 increments f/2.8 f/4.5 f/7.1 f/11 f/18 f/29 f/3.2 f/5.0 f/8 f/13 f/20 f/32 f/3.5 f/5.6 f/9 f/14 f/22 f/4 f/6.3 f/10 f/16 f/25

20. Full - f/stops

21. Full f/stops either half or double as you move from one to the other 2X - 1/2X

22. REVIEW: F8 is half or double the amount of light as F11?

23. Shutter speeds in 1/3 increments 1/15 1/40 1/100 1/250 1/640 1/1600 1/20 1/50 1/125 1/320 1/800 1/2000 1/25 1/60 1/160 1/400 1/1000 1/30 f/80 f/200 1/500 1/1250

24. Full Shutter Speeds

25. Full shutter speeds either double or half as you move from one to the other 2X - 1/2X

26. REVIEW: 1/500 is half or twice as fast as 1/250?

27. Review: If 1/500 is twice as fast as 1/250, is that double or half the amount of light?

28. Review: If 1/500 is twice as fast as 1/250, is that double or half the amount of light? Half as much light because it’s half the amount of time as 1/500.

29. What to study Hands-on Quiz Set Exposure- Where / How do we adjust Set ISO-Where / How do we adjust Set F-stops- Where / How do we adjust Set Shutter Speeds- Where / How do we adjust Remove / add lens Turn on/off Set Shooting Mode Pack Camera Bag and handle camera