2.  Billboard began a more competitive nature to the music industry. › 1894 Billboard was primarily advertising › 1920’s Billboard focused primarily on record ranking and covered radio/recording artists › 1950’s had top charts for pop (dominate), R&B, country, and intermittent album chart  New York was the epicenter of music of all kinds

3.  Television › 1946 › In two years it took over radio as the primary source of entertainment › Radio stayed current by popularizing live shows with DJ’s whose personalities became as famous as the music

4.  Two new formats › Old records were breakable shellac (78 rpm) and played around 3-4 minutes of music › New ones were called LP’s (long playing)  33 RPM  Did not break when dropped › Year after LP’s, Singles were produced  Used similar vinyl format  Very small  Held only 3 minutes of music

5.  Musical Theater › LP’s allowed all or most of a cast show to be recorded and sold › Entered a ‘Golden Age’  Jazz › Musicians were no longer limited to recording 3-4 minute songs › Recordings were made in a style similar to live

6.  Richard Rodgers partnered with alcoholic Lorenz (Larry)Hart  Due to Larry’s laziness and bad health Rodgers partnered with Oscar Hammerstein › Had great success with the following: Oklahoma, Carousel, State Fair, South Pacific, The King and I, The Sound of Music, Some Enchanted Evening, etc  Oklahoma played for 5 years approx 2248 times.

7.  Songs by these two went back in time › Less/no syncopation, used classical opera style singers, no ‘swing’ music, and songs generally had nothing to do with the play! › Nothing like current styling of music (example Yankee Doodle Boy) › http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIGWYl VlFQ8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIGWYl VlFQ8  Operatic, simple rhythm,

9.  Third Stream Music › Cool jazz › Extreme attempt at making jazz more ‘classical’ › Famous quartet of Dave Brubeck, Leonard Bernstein, Miles Davis, Gil Evans › More restrained, calmer, etc

10.  Jazz styling › Originated 1940’s at Minton’s Playhouse (Harlem Jazz Club) › Bassist marking beat: drums/piano/guitar played in a new style due to new beat keeping › Rapid tempo › Irregular melodies › Complex harmony › Aggressive sonority (Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie) Dizzy solo around 2:20 › http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpuHy5f VjCU

11.  World War II transition pop › Shift in pre-war song focus, post-war artist focus  All popular recording artists were singers  Post war song interpretation came into play › Artists had their own was to sing that was recognizable in the community, mold the pace and style to the beat, (example Sinatra)

12.  The Weavers 1950’s › Unlikely folk made pop stars › More important than their success is their influence on bringing back fold to the mainstream

13.  Several styling's › All style proliferated by strong beats and blues style form (what does that mean I don’t know!) › Their was electric blues, doo-wop styled blues, big-band blues etc

14.  Streamlined big-band swing (dance music) › Reduced horns (trumpets and such) went from traditional 4 beat to a shuffle › More singing › Louis Jordan-Tympany Five › http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_A2pRV yBmOY

16.  Electric guitar move from primarily country and jazz to include blues  Popular in 1950’s  Muddy Waters- popular electric blues player › Grew up as sharecropper (basically indentured slave system)  Sharecroppers gave rise to deep blues the book kinda just stops there…. › Moved north and created a movement of electric Blues › http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgAcDLZr6Gs&ob=av2n

17.  Re-popularized, as shown by Billboard coverage  Cover songs became prominent  Hank Williams and honky-tonk › Honky tonk- techniquely a working class bar.. Not some country party like modern country music says… › Honky-tonk music characterized by fusion of pop and traditional black music

18.  Hank Williams- quixotic country singer that began singing in Honky Tonks in Alabama in his early teens.  Spina bifida, alcoholism, and his lifestyle on stage contributed to his early death after creating record selling country music that appealed to the mainstream  Lovesick Blues changed the established considerations of country  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Xu71i89xvs watch for moanin and yodellin http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Xu71i89xvs

19.  Song text about normal daily life  Token country voice  Fiddle and steel guitat

21.  LP  Single  Bop (Bebop)  Third-Stream Music  Jump Band  Electric Blues  Deep Blues  Cover song  Honky-Tonk