1. Topic of lecture: Patches (plasters). Technology of patches in the industrial conditions. General characteristics, classification of parches.

2. Patches - dosage form for external application that is capable of softening at body temperature to adhere to the skin. At room temperature emplastic mass is dense, but at the human body it becomes soft and sticky. When the temperature increases further patches begin to melt, turning into a thick liquid. For convenience, the patches are plastered over the fabric or paper.

3. The patches are classified for the purpose of: 1. Epidermatical patches 2. Endermetical patches 3. Diadermatical patches

4. Epidermatical patches - can be used: 1) to protect any part of the body from harmful influences; 2) to close the disfiguring skin blemishes; 3) to bring together the edges of the wound; 4) for fixing on the skin surface dressings. They must be sufficiently sticky, firmly to stick to the skin and not irritate it.

5. Endermetical patches - – it is patches in emplastic mass of which various drugs for a therapeutic effect on diseased skin can be administered. Diadermatical patches - – it is patches with drugs, penetrating through the skin and affecting water deeply lying tissue.

6. The patches are classified: 1. For the composition: - ordinary - rubber 2. For way of preparation: - patches in the mass - patches plastered 3. For natures of the substances that are prevalent in emplastic base, ordinary patches can be divided into four subgroups: - Lead (Diachylon), - Lead-pitch, - Lead-wax, - Pitch-wax patches.

7. Nomenclature  Simple diachylon  Advanced diachylon  Dominant band  Adhesive plaster adhesive  Pepper band  Sinapism  Liquid plasters  Films and sponges

8. Simple diachylon - solid homogeneous mass of grayish or yellowish color while heated becomes sticky and tacky. Ingredients: Pb oxide (litharge) -10.0 g; Sunflower - 10,0 g; Purified pork fat - 10,0 g; Water purified enough.

9. Stages of obtaining simple diachylon: 1. Melting oil and fat 2. Shredding litharge 3. Sifting litharge 4. Mixing litharge with fresh boiling water clean 5. Mixing suspensions of Pb oxide with alloy of oil and fat 6. Production patches mass 7. Flushing ready mass from glycerol 8. Drying patches

10. Elastic plastered patches Ingredients: Natural rubber - 25,7 pm Rosin - 20.35 pm Zinc oxide - 32 pm Lanolin anhydrous - 9,9 pm Liquid paraffin - 11,3 pm Neozonu D - 0,75 pm

11. Technology of elastic plastered patches : 1. Preparation of rubber glue (dissolution of rosin and rubber in gasoline)  2. Obtaining feed substances that prevent aging (homogenization mixture of lanolin protystarytelem) 3. Preparation of zinc base (homogenization mixture lanolin, beeswax and zinc oxide) 4. Mixing rubber adhesives, pastes and zinc substances that prevent aging basis (6 hours) 5. Drawing plastyrnoyi mass on a moving belt machines for plastering of mass (shpredinh)

12. Pepper Patch (Emplastrum capsici)- In emplastic mass 11 % of the thick extract of capsicum (formulated specifically for the patch), 0.3 % thick, herb extracts and tinctures Aralia 0,3 % are introduced. They are produced in the form of rectangular pieces of paper diverse size. Skin glue - liquid, leaving adhesive elastic strong film at the skin after evaporation of the solvent. Skin adhesives are otherwise called liquid adhesives, and relatively widely used as epidermatical and endermatical patches.