1. Hardware of Personal Computers

2. Part 1: Introduction

3. What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device that accepts information and instructions from the user, processes data, and display the data.

4. What are Basic Hardware of a Personal Computer?

5. What is a Hardware?
Hardware is any part of the computer system that is tangible. It works with the software to process data.

6. Computer Case
Contains the major components of the computer. It helps protect them.

7. Monitor A display screen to provide “output” to the user.
Function: view the information your are working on

8. Motherboard
The motherboard is a circuit board that is the foundation of a computer
Function: allows the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components to function with each other

9. Processor
The CPU – The chip or chips that interprets and executes program instructions and manage the functions of input, output, and storage devices.

10. RAM Random Access Memory
RAM is a computer’s temporary memory, which exists as chips on the motherboard near the CPU.
Function: stores data or programs while they are being used and requires power.

11. Modem
The place where the computer is connected to the phone line.

12. Network Card
A circuit board that connects the computer to the rest of the network usually using special cables.

13. Video Card
Connects the computer to the monitor. It is a circuit board attached to the motherboard
Function: contains the memory and other circuitry necessary to send information to the monitor for display on screen.

14. Sound Card
Connects the speakers and microphone to the computer.

15. CD Rom Drive
The drive that plays CDs and reads data that has been stored on the CD.

16. Floppy Disk Drive
A device that holds a removable floppy disk when in use; read/write heads read and write data to the diskette.

17. Hard Disk
Magnetic storage device in the computer.

18. Keyboard
Used to enter information into the computer and for giving commands.

19. Mouse
An input device operated by rolling its ball across a flat surface.
Function: used to control the on-screen pointer by pointing and clicking, double-clicking, or dragging objects on the screen.

20. Classification of Hardware1 2 4
Input
Devices
Processing Unit
Output Devices
Information Processing Cycle
Storage Devices 3

21. Information Processing Cycle
All computers follow the same basic operations: (1) input, (2) processing, (3) storage, and (4) output.

22. What is an Input Device?
whatever is "put into" the computer to make it function
Examples: keyboard, microphone, mouse

23. What is a Processing Unit?
manipulating whatever data has been input to transform it to information
Everything in the tower, motherboard, CPU

24. What is a Storage Device?
A place where you can keep processed data.
Examples: USB, Floppy disc, CD

25. What is an Output Device?
resulting from processing inputs which is useable by humans
Examples: monitor, speakers, printer

26. Classification of Hardware1 2 4
Input
Devices
Processing Unit
Output Devices
Memory
Storage Devices 3

27. RAM Random Access Memory
Represent primary storage or temporary storage
Hold data before processing and information after processing, before being sent to an output or storage device
Can be read and written to
Volatile- the contents are lost when the power goes off or is turned off

28. ROM
Read only memory
Cannot be written on or erased by the computer user without special equipment
Contain fixed start-up instructions
Contain instructions on start up
Non volatile

29. Then, What is Software?
Software- all the electronic instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task
Application software helps the user perform specific tasks
Word processing, presentation, database, electronic spreadsheet
System software helps the computer perform specific tasks
Windows, Mac OS X, Device driver software

30. Application Software Word Processing – working mainly with text
Spreadsheet – used primarily with numbers & charts
Database – allows for entry of data in an organized manner, used for reporting
Presentation – create presentations using projection devices
Desktop Publishing – used for creative design

31. Microsoft Office Application Software
Word Processing- Word
Spreadsheet- Excel
Desktop Publishing- Publisher
Database- Access
Presentation- PowerPoint

32. Balancing your checkbook.
Spreadsheet

33. Creating a birthday card for a friend.
Desktop Publishing

34. Writing an essay about your pet.
Word Processing

35. Making a school newsletter
Desktop Publishing

36. Giving a presentation to the class on computers.

37. Writing a research paper on UFO’s.
Word Processing

38. Creating an address book for Christmas cards.
Database

39. System Software
System software are running processes on your computer. They are necessary features in order for your computer to run and do the things that computers are expected to do. For example: boot up, logging in, connect to the internet, etc.

40. Types of Personal Computers
Desktops
may sit on a desk or on the floor (a "tower")
powerful enough to run everyday business and personal applications
have separate hardware components for the computer, monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
Laptops
notebook computers,
have all the functionality of a desktop computer
small and portable
include a display, keyboard, and trackpad integrated into a single piece of hardware
Some laptops, called tablet PCs, recognize handwriting and allow you to work with a pen-like stylus
Netbooks
("Inter net note books)
less powerful than traditional laptops, but as they are generally
used only for Internet-related activities such as and surfing the Web
do not need as much memory, processing power, or storage space
smaller, lighter, and less expensive than fully-functional laptops.

41. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
handheld computers, PDAs
fit in the palm of your hand. While
less powerful than a desktop or laptop computer, a PDA
includes key productivity functionality like maintaining a calendar, address book and a to-do list
have Internet connectivity so you can send and receive and surf the Web
SmartPhones
combines the functionality of a PDA with a cellular telephone
often include photo and video capabilities