1. Inland fishery sector in Rainfed agriculture area: Issue and opportunities Neelkanth Mishra 23-24 Feb.2011 RRA Network, New Delhi

2. India’s fishery sector: The fisheries sector is a source of livelihood to about 14.48 million people The total fish production is about 7.16 million tn, 4.19 million tn from inland and 2.97 million tn from marine fisheries. In 11 th V yr plan, Inland fishery sector is allocated 12% of total fishery sector budget and 4.25% of DAHD budget Total GDP from this sector alone- more than Rs. 35000 Cr, 5.4 % of Agri sector GDP 72% of workforce are women Availability of quality fish seed is major issue. Presently, availability is only 13086 Fry /Ha ; deficit of 87000 /Ha

3. Percentage share of fisheries sector in Indian agriculture (Source: DAHD&F, 2005; CSO, 2005)

4. Fish production in India :

5. Production in RRA priority State (2008-09 in 000 Tn) Indian State2008-09 Andhra pradesh1252.78 Bihar300.65 Madhya pradesh68.65 Maharastra523 Odissa349 Rajasthan25 Chattishgarh158 Jharkhand75.82 Uttra pardesh349 West bengal1510 Total4611.9

6. Inland Fishery Resources of India Sl. No. States/U Ts Rivers & canals (km) Reservoir s (million ha) Ponds & Tanks (million ha) Beels, Oxbow lakes & Derelict water bodies (million ha) Brackish water (million ha) Total 35 state and UT 1,95,2102.9162.4070.7971.24 The 10 rainfed agri state holds 1.54( 62%) Source: Hand Book on Fisheries Statistics, 2005

7. Fish Seed Production YearProduction (million fry) 1973-74 409 1985-86 6,322 1990-91 10,332 1995-96 15,007 2000-01 15,608 2004-05 20,811 2008-09(p) 31497 * Presently, availability is 13086 Fry /Ha ; deficit of 87000 /Ha

8. Central Budget priorities for fishery sector Scheme11 th planBE 2007-08BE 2008-09 Total DAHD81749101000 Total Fishery( CSS & CS) 2776205.68215 Total CS1946146.3133 Total CSS83059.3882 Inland fishery350912

9. Major issue : Inland fishery in Rainfed agriculture area Access and control of traditional fishing community over production system Access to technical support and regular capacity building to the fisher folk Access to quality inputs in time to the communities like fingerlings, feed, etc Access to basic infrastructure – such as Ice plants, cold storage facilities, market place, Vehicles for transport, landing centres, etc. Involvement of women in the decision making process Climate change and community preparedness to adopt the adverse situations /impacts through heavy rains/drought situations How to improve the productivity and sustain it ??? Accurate Data on resource, people and production No policy priority( at National level and State level) In sufficient budget availability and sector finance

10. Opportunities Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharastra, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan are mostly depending on Inland fisheries sector. This sector has potential to create livelihood and employment to more than 30 million people in the country. (thru’ value chain dev.) Mostly unexplored area, closely associated with agri based production system This sector has potential to develop community resilience due to climate change Through MGNREGS the ponds, tanks and other water bodies can be developed for several activities like irrigation, to improve ground water level and fisheries. Convergence with National Livelihood Mission

11. Program Approach Enterprise and Market Livelihood promotion Natural Resource development Community Mobilisation State level Dialogue Regional level District level Intervention Local Government/ Local leadership 11 Advocacy Approach Process to be Adopted:

12. Major stakeholder to be included: Households and fishing communities Fishworker organizations Research organizations The State Civil society organizations (including NGOs, media, consumers and environmental organizations) International organizations

13. Best practices Fish seed rearing pilot with communities in Maharstra (Satara) Fish seed rearing, institution building, Rights over the resources, policy support (MP fisheries policy) and linkages, capacity building, productivity enhancement - Experiences of VIKALP, Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh Convergence with several departments like Fisheries department, NFDB, NABARD, SERP, NGOs, CBOs, Tribal welfare department, MGNREGS - Rural development department for inland fisheries development, Institution building, Establishing Fisheries Resource Centres (FRCs), access to quality inputs, local marketing, developing infrastructure, community based management practices and linkages, capacity building, productivity enhancement - Experiences of WASSAN in APDAI project ( A project funded by World bank) in Andhra Pradesh Quality fish Seed production, fish seed rearing, technical support, capacity building, productivity enhancement - Experiences of GNNS-KVK in Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh Women fisherfolks organisation, (Odissa and Bihar) Private hatchery operators in Haryana and Panjab One aqua shop in Jharkhand Japan banks investment in Aasam and Arunachal pradesh

14. Recommendations Government of India have to come out with a “ National Inland Fisheries Policy” to provide support and strengthen inland fisheries sector and also suggest the states to state specific policies for Inland fisheries. Convergence with MGNREGS project for fisheries focused on tank development ( creating dead storage, bund strengthening, repairs etc) Establish “Fisheries Resource Centres” (FRCs) in Rainfed areas to provide technical support in the Inland fisheries sector Budget allocation for strengthening of existing institutions of fisher folk from the state and central budgets Facilitate National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) to work with NGOs and other civil society organizations to strengthen Inland fisheries sector Make necessary changes in the existing policies to make women as members in the existing cooperatives & new bodies Make necessary budget allocation to access quality inputs to the communities like fingerlings, feed, etc Facilitate market development- Make necessary budget allocation to improve basic infrastructure – such as landing centers, Ice plants, market place, Vehicles for transport etc. Design, develop and support innovative approaches/programs to support landless, small and marginal farmers related to fisheries

15. As in the Madhya Pradesh policy, the traditional fishing communities and their cooperatives to be given all priority for leasing and licensing in inland capture and culture fisheries. Increase lease period of water bodies for culture to 10 years as in Madhya Pradesh so that the lease holders feel more responsible to maintain the resources sustainably. Measures to be taken to ensure to symmetrically collect and mange inland fish production data, including capture and culture of all species. This will help take better policy decisions. Genuine inland fisher cooperative societies to be promoted, strengthened and necessary financial support given for taking up culture and capture fisheries.

16. Policy intervention should aim at: Guarantee access and control related rights of small- scale and indigenous fishing communities for their life and livelihood Recognize, promote and protect the diversified livelihood base of fishing communities Seek the free, prior and informed consent of small- scale fishing communities and indigenous peoples before undertaking activities that may affect their lives and livelihoods Provide support to capacity-building of fishing and indigenous communities to participate in governance of coastal and fisheries resources

17. Women role in inland fisheries and fish marketing to be recognised and to insist 33% membership of women in newly formed cooperatives. Create an enabling situation and promote fisheries co management in capture and capture cum culture fisheries. Increase budgetary allocation for inland fishery program, and fishery dept should be made independent of cooperative and other dept. periphery. Proper market development support, financial support and value chain development support needs to be provided. More research and extension work on small and indigenous species(SIS) culture and its role in nutrition livelihoods to be strengthened including its auto stocking possibility of hatchery production.

18. Thank You